Evaluation of anticancer drug schedule dependency using an in vitro human tumor clonogenic assay

1984 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruth Ludwig ◽  
DavidS. Alberts ◽  
ThomasP. Miller ◽  
SydneyE. Salmon
Keyword(s):  
Anticancer Drug ◽  
Clonogenic Assay ◽  
Human Tumor ◽  
Human Tumor Clonogenic Assay

The human tumor clonogenic assay in human breast cancer.

1985 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 92-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
S E Jones ◽  
J C Dean ◽  
L A Young ◽  
S E Salmon
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Anticancer Agents ◽  
Colony Formation ◽  
Clonogenic Assay ◽  
Drug Evaluation ◽  
Single Agent ◽  
Human Tumor ◽  
In Vitro Sensitivity ◽  
Human Tumor Clonogenic Assay

The human tumor clonogenic assay (HTCA) was evaluated in 407 fresh samples of breast cancer from 288 patients. Seventy samples were inadequate for testing. Adequate in vitro growth for drug testing (greater than 30 colonies/plate) was obtained in 91 (27%) of the 337 viable samples, inadequate growth for drug evaluation (5 to 30 colonies/plate) in 17%, and no colony formation (less than 5 colonies/plate) in 56%. Operationally defining a greater than or equal to 50% inhibition of colony formation as in vitro drug sensitivity, the in vitro response rates to 12 anticancer drugs tested against ten to 36 different cancers (arranged in decreasing order according to the number of tests performed) were as follows: doxorubicin (14%), bisantrene (54%), vinblastine (33%), mitomycin (36%), interferon clone A (23%), 5-fluorouracil (20%), methotrexate (17%), leukocyte interferon (33%), mitoxantrone (42%), cyclophosphamide (25%), m-AMSA (16%), and melphalan (10%). Among 25 patients receiving single-agent therapy, there were ten (59%) of 17 with in vitro sensitivity who responded; resistance was correctly predicted in nine patients (100%), P = .01. Among 34 patients treated with combination chemotherapy, seven (50%) of 14 with in vitro sensitivity responded, and resistance was predicted in 13 (65%) of 20 patients. Difficulties in using the HTCA in breast cancer (including small specimen size, difficulties in disaggregation, and inadequacy of growth) will require additional research. Nonetheless, the assay appears to detect in vitro activity as well as resistance of a variety of anticancer agents and appears to predict clinical responsiveness to standard as well as some investigational single agents.

Human tumor clonogenic assay in patients with unknown primary carcinomas.

1984 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
B R Greenberg ◽  
S E Salmon
Keyword(s):  
Clonogenic Assay ◽  
Single Agent ◽  
Human Tumor ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Unknown Primary ◽  
Drug Assays ◽  
Promising Application ◽  
Human Tumor Clonogenic Assay

The Human Tumor Clonogenic Assay (HTCA) was used in patients with unknown primary carcinomas (UPC) to evaluate chemosensitivity in vitro for this patient group and to possibly aid in the selection of chemotherapy for clinical trial. A total of 178 drug assays including 15 standard and 13 experimental anti-cancer drugs were performed on tumor cells from 19 patients. A median of six drugs were studied in vitro per patient. Sensitivity was noted in only 3.4% of the studies (six drug assays). The marked in vitro pattern of resistance observed with UPC correlates well with the known clinical experience with this entity. Ten patients were evaluable for clinical correlation of response between in vitro and in vivo sensitivity; however, many received drug combinations and not all the drugs had been tested in vitro. One of six evaluable patients exhibiting in vitro sensitivity and one of four with in vitro resistance achieved remission. Additional single-agent in vitro/in vivo correlations will be needed to establish whether HTCA will have any future impact in the treatment of patients with UPC. A more promising application of HTCA for UPC would appear to be as an aid in screening and discovery of new drugs of potentially greater efficacy for this resistant tumor category.

scholarly journals New Application of Human Tumor Clonogenic Assay to in Vitro Evaluation of Tumor-Targeting Efficiency of Immunoconjugates.

1992 ◽  
Vol 40 (8) ◽  
pp. 2151-2154
Author(s):  
Shunji NAGATA ◽  
Kazuyoshi MASUDA ◽  
Hideo NOGUSA ◽  
Koichiro HIRANO ◽  
Yasushi TAKAGISHI
Keyword(s):  
Tumor Targeting ◽  
Clonogenic Assay ◽  
Human Tumor ◽  
In Vitro Evaluation ◽  
Targeting Efficiency ◽  
Human Tumor Clonogenic Assay

scholarly journals In vitro chemosensitivity patterns of carcinoma of the lung in human tumor clonogenic assay.

1986 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 715-721 ◽  
Author(s):  
FUMIHIKO KANZAWA ◽  
YUKA MATSUSHIMA ◽  
JUNICHI ISHIHARA ◽  
EIJI SHIMIZU ◽  
YASUTSUNA SASAKI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clonogenic Assay ◽  
Human Tumor ◽  
In Vitro Chemosensitivity ◽  
Human Tumor Clonogenic Assay

Antitumor activity of esorubicin in human tumor clonogenic assay with comparisons to doxorubicin.

1984 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 282-286 ◽  
Author(s):  
S E Salmon ◽  
L Young ◽  
B Soehnlen ◽  
R Liu
Keyword(s):  
Antitumor Activity ◽  
Clonogenic Assay ◽  
Human Tumor ◽  
Therapeutic Index ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Early Results ◽  
Colony Forming Units ◽  
Human Solid Tumors

The new anthracycline analog, esorubicin (4'deoxy-doxorubicin, ESO), was tested against fresh biopsies of human solid tumors in vitro in clonogenic assay and the results were contrasted to those obtained with doxorubicin (DOX). ESO appeared to be significantly more potent on a weight basis than DOX in these studies, and exhibited a spectrum of antitumor activity in vitro that was in general qualitatively similar to that observed with DOX. In vitro antitumor activity was observed in a wide variety of human cancers including anthracycline-sensitive tumor types. ESO has previously been reported to have decreased cardiac toxicity in preclinical models as compared to DOX. Comparative testing of these anthracyclines on granulocyte-macrophage colony-forming units (GM-CFUs) and tumor colony forming units (TCFUs) indicated that the in vitro GM-CFU assay is more sensitive to these myelosuppressive drugs than are TCFUs, and underscores the need for in vivo studies to determine normal tissue toxicity and the therapeutic index of a drug. Early results of phase I studies suggest that with respect to myelosuppression, the maximally tolerated dose of ESO will be about half that of DOX. The increased in vitro antitumor potency observed for ESO and a spectrum of activity (even at one half the dose of DOX) supports the broad testing of ESO in the clinic to determine whether it will prove to be a more effective and less toxic anthracycline.

scholarly journals Antitumor activity of quinocarmycin against carcinoma of the lung in human tumor clonogenic assay.

1987 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 431-435 ◽  
Author(s):  
CHIDER CHIANG ◽  
FUMIHIKO KANAZAWA ◽  
YUKA MATSUSHIMA ◽  
HIDEHIKO NAKANO ◽  
KAZUHIKO NAKAGAWA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antitumor Activity ◽  
Clonogenic Assay ◽  
Human Tumor ◽  
Human Tumor Clonogenic Assay
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