Bifunctional initiators

1984 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
KimGyu Sik ◽  
Severian Dumitriu ◽  
Eugenia A ◽  
Cristofor Simionescu
Keyword(s):  
Bifunctional Initiators

A Comprehensive Kinetic Model for the Free-Radical Polymerization of Vinyl Chloride in the Presence of Monofunctional and Bifunctional Initiators

2004 ◽  
Vol 43 (20) ◽  
pp. 6382-6399 ◽  
Author(s):  
Apostolos Krallis ◽  
Costas Kotoulas ◽  
Stratos Papadopoulos ◽  
Costas Kiparissides ◽  
Jacques Bousquet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Free Radical ◽  
Kinetic Model ◽  
Radical Polymerization ◽  
Vinyl Chloride ◽  
Free Radical Polymerization ◽  
Bifunctional Initiators

Synthesis of Thermo-Responsive Fluorinated Star-Shaped Polymers by Living Cationic Polymerization

2011 ◽  
Vol 1312 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomomi Irita ◽  
Katsuhiko Imoto ◽  
Takabumi Nagai ◽  
Sadahito Aoshima
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Cloud Point ◽  
Cationic Polymerization ◽  
Solution Temperature ◽  
Responsive Polymers ◽  
Molecular Weight Distributions ◽  
Living Cationic Polymerization ◽  
Bifunctional Initiators ◽  
Cloud Points ◽  
End Group

ABSTRACTWell-controlled fluorinated star-shaped polymers with oxyethylene units were designed and synthesized by living cationic polymerization. These fluorinated star-shaped polymers were prepared using successive fluorinated initiators to generate fluorinated, end-functionalized and hydrophilic segments with oxyethylene. Poly(vinyl ether)s with oxyethylene units are known to be thermo-responsive polymers that exhibit a lower critical solution temperature (LCST) in aqueous solutions. These novel fluorine-containing star-shaped polymers with oxyethylene were also thermo-responsive, as expected. In addition, the hetero-fluorinated star-shaped polymers with oxyethylene segments and different fluorine compositions were synthesized with various bifunctional initiators by living cationic polymerization having narrow molecular weight distributions (Mw/Mn=1.23−1.29) and contained very little, if any, presence of the linear homopolymer precursor, as evidenced by GPC. The LCST of this polymer depended on the end group fluorine composition and significant changes in cloud points were observed in water, as confirmed by static light scattering (SLS) measurements. As an example, aqueous solutions the star-shaped polymers without fluorine terminal groups showed no cloud point below up to 60 ºC in aqueous solution. After the fluoro-functionality was incorporated into the terminal groups, the cloud point of the aqueous solutions decreased to almost 20 ºC.

Bifunctional initiators: synthesis of phenylazo-formamidoethyl 4-t-butylazo-4-cyanovalerate

1987 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
C.I. Simionescu ◽  
Eugenia Comanita ◽  
Mariana Pastravanu ◽  
Aura-Angelica Popa
Keyword(s):  
Bifunctional Initiators
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