scholarly journals A prospective study of glomerular filtration rate and arterial blood pressure in insulin-dependent diabetics with diabetic nephropathy

Diabetologia ◽  
1981 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
H.-H. Parving ◽  
U.M. Smidt ◽  
B. Friisberg ◽  
V. Bonnevie-Nielsen ◽  
A.R. Andersen
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Diabetic Nephropathy ◽  
Glomerular Filtration Rate ◽  
Prospective Study ◽  
Glomerular Filtration ◽  
Arterial Blood Pressure ◽  
Filtration Rate ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Insulin Dependent ◽  
A Prospective Study

The giraffe kidney tolerates high arterial blood pressure by high renal interstitial pressure and low glomerular filtration rate

2015 ◽  
Vol 214 (4) ◽  
pp. 497-510 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Damkjaer ◽  
T. Wang ◽  
E. Brøndum ◽  
K. H. Østergaard ◽  
U. Baandrup ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Glomerular Filtration Rate ◽  
Glomerular Filtration ◽  
Arterial Blood Pressure ◽  
Filtration Rate ◽  
Interstitial Pressure ◽  
Arterial Blood

Diabetic nephropathy in the nurse practice

2020 ◽  
pp. 77-81
Author(s):  
Hedy Muradova ◽  
Vsevolod Skvortsov
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Diabetic Nephropathy ◽  
Glomerular Filtration Rate ◽  
Glomerular Filtration ◽  
Kidney Failure ◽  
Filtration Rate ◽  
Clinical Syndrome ◽  
Progressive Decrease ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Kidney Lesions

Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a clinical syndrome characterized by kidney lesions and formation narrow or diffusion glomerulosclerosis, which later becomes kidney failure. It is manifested by persistent albuminuria (>300 mg/day or >200 μg/min), that is confirmed on at least 2 occasions 3–6 months apart, with a progressive decrease in glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and elevated arterial blood pressure (BP).

Renal responses of the bullfrog to oxytocin, arginine vasotocin and frog neurohypophysial extract

1960 ◽  
Vol 198 (6) ◽  
pp. 1287-1290 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia Uranga ◽  
Wilbur H. Sawyer
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Glomerular Filtration Rate ◽  
Glomerular Filtration ◽  
Arterial Blood Pressure ◽  
Intravenous Injection ◽  
Filtration Rate ◽  
Arginine Vasotocin ◽  
Antidiuretic Activity ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Renal Responses

The antidiuretic responses of bullfrogs to oxytocin, frog neurohypophysial extract and arginine vasotocin are compared. Frog extract and arginine vasotocin injected into the ventral lymph sac are approximately 500 times as potent in inhibiting diuresis in frogs as is oxytocin, if they are compared on the basis of oxytocic units. This observation is consistent with the hypothesis that arginine vasotocin is present in the frog neurohypophysis and accounts for its antidiuretic activity in the frog. Diuresis rather than antidiuresis is occasionally seen in bullfrogs after intravenous injection of these preparations. Diuresis is accompanied by an increase in glomerular filtration rate. The presence of diuresis cannot be correlated directly with changes in arterial blood pressure. The mechanism underlying this diuresis remains obscure.

Abstract 386: A Novel Aquaretic and Glomerular Filtration Rate Enhancing Peptide Without Vascular Vasodilatory Actions in Experimental CHF.

Circulation ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 116 (suppl_16) ◽  
Author(s):  
Horng H Chen ◽  
ShuChong Pan ◽  
John C Burnett ◽  
Robert D Simari
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Amino Acids ◽  
Glomerular Filtration Rate ◽  
Glomerular Filtration ◽  
Filtration Rate ◽  
Urinary Sodium Excretion ◽  
Sodium Concentration ◽  
Water Excretion ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Change In Mean

BACKGROUND: BNP is a cardiac peptide with vasodilatory, natriuretic and diuretic properties. Recent studies have suggested that its vasodilatory hypotensive properties may limit the renal actions of BNP, especially in patients with borderline low blood pressure. We have recently identified an alternatively spliced transcript for BNP (ASBNP) that includes a unique and distinct longer carboxyl-terminus consisting of 34 amino acids. Based upon preliminary studies, we generated a truncated form (ASBNP2.1) that contains the first 16 amino acids of the C-terminal of ASBNP. METHODS: We determined the cardiorenal and humoral actions of intravenous infusion of ASBNP2.1 at 2 pmol/Kg/min, 10 pmol/Kg/min and 100 pmol/Kg /min in 10 dogs with rapid ventricular pacing induced overt CHF (240 bpm for 10 days). * p<0.05 RESULTS: IV infusion of ASBNP 2.1 increased aquaresis (from 0.19±0.04 to 0.32±0.07, 0.46±0.11 and 0.39±0.09 ml/min*) without a significant change in urinary sodium excretion. Importantly, ASBNP 2.1 enhanced glomerular filtration rate (GFR), from 31±4 to 47±8, 69±10 and 56±9 ml/min*. These renal actions were associated with increases in urinary BNP*, ANP* and cGMP* excretion. BNP 2.1 did not have any systemic vasodilatory action resulting in no change in mean arterial blood pressure or cardiac-filling pressures even at the highest dose. There was not change in serum sodium concentration. CONCLUSION: We report for the first time that this novel peptide based upon ASBNP has potent aquaretic and GFR enhancing actions without the vasodilatory hypotensive properties in an experimental model of overt CHF. The lack of vasodilatation but with renal actions also suggest that the C-terminus plays a key role in the vascular actions of this peptide offering new insights into vascular-renal structure function of BNP and related peptides. This renal specific peptide may have potential therapeutic benefit in states of renal dysfunction with volume overload to enhance GFR and water excretion without the detrimental side effect of hypotension.

Angiotensin-(1–7) in the ovine fetus

2001 ◽  
Vol 280 (2) ◽  
pp. R404-R409 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen M. Moritz ◽  
Duncan J. Campbell ◽  
E. Marelyn Wintour
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Glomerular Filtration Rate ◽  
Glomerular Filtration ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Filtration Rate ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Urine Flow ◽  
Urine Flow Rate ◽  
Ang Ii ◽  
Arterial Blood

In the adult animal, ANG-(1–7) may counterbalance some effects of ANG II. Its effects in the fetus are unknown. Basal ANG-(1–7), ANG I, ANG II, and renin concentrations were measured in plasma from ovine fetuses and their mothers ( n = 10) at 111 days of gestation. In the fetus, concentrations of ANG I, ANG-(1–7), and ANG II were 86 ± 21, 13 ± 2, and 14 ± 2 fmol/ml, respectively. In the ewe, concentrations of ANG I were significantly lower (20 ± 4 fmol/ml, P < 0.05) as were concentrations of ANG-(1–7) (2.9 ± 0.6 fmol/ml), whereas ANG II concentrations were not different (10 ± 1 fmol/ml). Plasma renin concentrations were higher in the fetus (4.8 ± 1.1 pmol ANG I · ml−1 · h−1) than in the ewe (0.9 ± 0.2 pmol · ml−1 · h−1, P < 0.05). Infusion of ANG-(1–7) (∼9 μg/h) for a 3-day period caused a significant increase in plasma concentrations of ANG-(1–7) reaching a maximum of 448 ± 146 fmol/ml on day 3 of infusion. Plasma levels of ANG I and II as well as renin were unchanged by the infusion. Urine flow rate, glomerular filtration rate, and fetal arterial blood pressure did not change and were not different than values in fetuses receiving a saline infusion for 3 days ( n = 5). However, the osmolality of amniotic and allantoic fluid was significantly higher in fetuses that received ANG-(1–7). Also, compared with the saline-infused animals, mRNA expression levels of renin, the AT1 receptor, and AT2 receptor were elevated in kidneys of fetuses that received infusions of ANG-(1–7). Infusion of an ANG-(1–7) antagonist {[d-Ala7]-ANG-(1–7), 20 μg/h} for 3 days had no effect on fetal blood pressure or renal function. In conclusion, although infusion of ANG-(1–7) did not affect fetal urine flow rate, glomerular filtration rate, or blood pressure, changes in fetal fluids and gene expression indicate that ANG-(1–7) may play a role in the fetal kidney.

Peripheral Haemodynamics and Renal Function in Relation to the Menstrual Cycle

1996 ◽  
Vol 91 (2) ◽  
pp. 163-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Van Beek ◽  
A. J. H. M. Houben ◽  
P. N. Van Es ◽  
C. Willekes ◽  
E. C. C. M. Korten ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Glomerular Filtration Rate ◽  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Glomerular Filtration ◽  
Luteal Phase ◽  
Filtration Rate ◽  
Vascular Tone ◽  
Vascular Relaxation ◽  
Arterial Blood

1. The objective of this study was to investigate whether the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle differs from the follicular phase by the development of a state of general vascular relaxation. 2. Once in the follicular and once in the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle, we measured by non-invasive techniques: arterial blood pressure (by finger blood pressure measurements), vascular tone (by pulse-wave velocity and plethysmography), blood flow to skin (by laser-Doppler), blood flow to forearm (by plethysmography) and blood flow to kidneys (by para-aminohippurate clearance), and the glomerular filtration rate (by inulin clearance). The data points obtained in the luteal phase were compared with those in the follicular phase by non-parametric tests. 3. Arterial blood pressure, vascular tone and the blood flows to the forearm and kidneys were comparable in the two phases of the menstrual cycle. In contrast, the blood flow to the skin was consistently lower, and the glomerular filtration rate higher in the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle. 4. The results of the present study do not support our hypothesis of a general vascular relaxation in the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle. The lower skin flow in the luteal phase may be an adaptation needed to ensure the higher core temperature of 0.3–0.5°C in the luteal phase. The higher glomerular filtration rate was in most cases paralleled by a higher renal blood flow in the luteal phase. This suggests that the higher glomerular filtration rate is secondary to a selective vasorelaxation of the afferent renal arterioles.

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