Clostridium neopropionicum sp. nov., a strict anaerobic bacterium fermenting ethanol to propionate through acrylate pathway

1992 ◽  
Vol 157 (3) ◽  
pp. 249-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. L. Tholozan ◽  
J. P. Touzel ◽  
E. Samain ◽  
J. P. Grivet ◽  
G. Prensier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Bacterium ◽  
Acrylate Pathway

scholarly journals Identification of linear epitopes on the flagellar proteins of Clostridioides difficile

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Razim ◽  
K. Pacyga ◽  
P. Naporowski ◽  
D. Martynowski ◽  
A. Szuba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Digestive Tract ◽  
In Silico ◽  
Anaerobic Bacterium ◽  
Vaccine Antigen ◽  
Protective Properties ◽  
Clostridioides Difficile ◽  
Vaccine Antigens ◽  
Linear Epitopes ◽  
Flagellar Proteins

AbstractClostridioides difficile (C. difficile) is an opportunistic anaerobic bacterium that causes severe diseases of the digestive tract of humans and animals. One of the possible methods of preventing C. difficile infection is to develop a vaccine. The most promising candidates for vaccine antigens are the proteins involved in the adhesion phenomena. Among them, the FliC and FliD are considered to be suitable candidates. In this paper, the FliC and FliD protein polypeptide epitopes were mapped in silico and by using PEPSCAN procedure. We identified four promising epitopes: 117QRMRTLS123, 205MSKAG209 of FliC and 226NKVAS230, 306TTKKPKD312 of FliD protein. We showed that 117QRMRTLS123 sequence is not only located in TLR5-binding and activating region, as previously shown, but forms an epitope recognized by C. difficile-infected patients’ antibodies. 205MSKAG209 is a C. difficile-unique, immunogenic sequence that forms an exposed epitope on the polymerized flagella structure which makes it a suitable vaccine antigen. 226NKVAS230 and 306TTKKPKD312 are well exposed and possess potential protective properties according to VaxiJen analysis. Our results open the possibility to use these epitopes as suitable anti-C. difficile vaccine antigens.

scholarly journals Conversion of Daidzein and Genistein by an Anaerobic Bacterium Newly Isolated from the Mouse Intestine

2008 ◽  
Vol 74 (15) ◽  
pp. 4847-4852 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anastasia Matthies ◽  
Thomas Clavel ◽  
Michael Gütschow ◽  
Wolfram Engst ◽  
Dirk Haller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stationary Phase ◽  
Enzyme Induction ◽  
Growth Phase ◽  
Anaerobic Bacterium ◽  
Stationary Growth Phase ◽  
Gut Bacteria ◽  
Soy Isoflavones ◽  
Strictly Anaerobic ◽  
Stationary Growth ◽  
Mouse Intestine

ABSTRACT The metabolism of isoflavones by gut bacteria plays a key role in the availability and bioactivation of these compounds in the intestine. Daidzein and genistein are the most common dietary soy isoflavones. While daidzein conversion yielding equol has been known for some time, the corresponding formation of 5-hydroxy-equol from genistein has not been reported previously. We isolated a strictly anaerobic bacterium (Mt1B8) from the mouse intestine which converted daidzein via dihydrodaidzein to equol as well as genistein via dihydrogenistein to 5-hydroxy-equol. Strain Mt1B8 was a gram-positive, rod-shaped bacterium identified as a member of the Coriobacteriaceae. Strain Mt1B8 also transformed dihydrodaidzein and dihydrogenistein to equol and 5-hydroxy-equol, respectively. The conversion of daidzein, genistein, dihydrodaidzein, and dihydrogenistein in the stationary growth phase depended on preincubation with the corresponding isoflavonoid, indicating enzyme induction. Moreover, dihydrogenistein was transformed even more rapidly in the stationary phase when strain Mt1B8 was grown on either genistein or daidzein. Growing the cells on daidzein also enabled conversion of genistein. This suggests that the same enzymes are involved in the conversion of the two isoflavones.

Evolution of vacuolar H+-ATPases: immunological relationships of the nucleotide-binding subunits

1989 ◽  
Vol 67 (6) ◽  
pp. 306-310 ◽  
Author(s):  
Morris F. Manolson ◽  
Judith M. Percy ◽  
David K. Apps ◽  
Xiao-Song Xie ◽  
Dennis K. Stone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Bacterium ◽  
Common Ancestor ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Eukaryotic Cells ◽  
Clostridium Pasteurianum ◽  
Chromaffin Granules ◽  
Α Subunit ◽  
Evolutionary Origins ◽  
Vacuolar Membranes

The evolution of the endomembrane systems of eukaryotic cells can be examined by exploring the evolutionary origins of the endomembrane H+-ATPases. Recent studies suggest that certain polypeptides are common to all H+ pumps of this type. Tonoplast H+ -ATPase from Beta vulgaris L. was purified and antibodies raised to two of its subunits. Each of these antisera reacted with a polypeptide of the corresponding size in bovine chromaffin granules, bovine clathrincoated vesicles, and yeast vacuolar membranes, suggesting common structural features and a common ancestor for endomembrane H+-ATPases of different organelles and different kingdoms. The antiserum raised against the 57-kDa polypeptide of plant tonoplast H+ -ATPase also reacted with subunit "a" of the H+-ATPase from the obligately anaerobic bacterium Clostridium pasteurianum and to the α subunit of the H+ -ATPase from Escherichia coli. There was no reactivity with chloroplast or mitochondrial ATPases. These results are discussed in relation to recent sequence data which suggest that endomembrane H+-ATPases may be evolutionarily related to the F0F1 ATPases.Key words: H+ -ATPase, evolution, immunology, vacuole, endomembrane.

scholarly journals Genomic Analysis of Caldithrix abyssi, the Thermophilic Anaerobic Bacterium of the Novel Bacterial Phylum Calditrichaeota

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilya V. Kublanov ◽  
Olga M. Sigalova ◽  
Sergey N. Gavrilov ◽  
Alexander V. Lebedinsky ◽  
Christian Rinke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Bacterium ◽  
Genomic Analysis ◽  
The Novel

Aminipila luticellarii sp. nov., an anaerobic bacterium isolated from the pit mud of strong aromatic Chinese liquor, and emended description of the genus Aminipila

2021 ◽  
Vol 71 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhixian Wei ◽  
Shichun Ma ◽  
Rui Chen ◽  
Weidong Wu ◽  
Hui Fan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Bacterium ◽  
Sequence Similarity ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Chinese Liquor ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Link Type ◽  
Physiological And Biochemical Characteristics ◽  
Gene Sequence Analysis ◽  
Pit Mud ◽  
Strong Aromatic Chinese Liquor

A novel mesophilic, aerotolerant anaerobic bacterium, designated JN-18T, was isolated from the pit mud of a strong aromatic Chinese liquor. According to a 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, it had the highest sequence similarity to Aminipila butyrica DSM 103574T (95.69%). The G+C content of its genomic DNA was 43.39 mol%. The cells were Gram-stain-negative, slightly curved rods with flagella. Optimum growth was observed at 37 °C, pH 6.5 and without extra addition of NaCl. Strain JN-18Tutilized amino acids (l-alanine, l-arginine, l-asparagine, l-lysine, l-methionine, l-serine and l-threonine), malate and pyruvate, and used l-arginine and l-lysine to produce acetate, butyrate, H2, and CO2. The major cellular fatty acids of strain JN-18T were C14:0, C16:0 DMA and C18:1 cis-9 DMA. The carbohydrate composition of the cell wall predominantly included galactose, glucose and rhamnose. Based on its phylogenetic, phenotypic, physiological and biochemical characteristics, strain JN-18T was classified as a representative of a novel species within the genus Aminipila , for which the name Aminipila luticellarii sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is JN-18T (=CCAM 412T=JCM 39126T).

scholarly journals Spore Coat Architecture of Clostridium novyi NT Spores

2007 ◽  
Vol 189 (17) ◽  
pp. 6457-6468 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Plomp ◽  
J. Michael McCaffery ◽  
Ian Cheong ◽  
Xin Huang ◽  
Chetan Bettegowda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
Anaerobic Bacterium ◽  
Amorphous Layer ◽  
Spore Coat ◽  
Experimental Animals ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Clostridium Novyi ◽  
Transmission Electron

ABSTRACT Spores of the anaerobic bacterium Clostridium novyi NT are able to germinate in and destroy hypoxic regions of tumors in experimental animals. Future progress in this area will benefit from a better understanding of the germination and outgrowth processes that are essential for the tumorilytic properties of these spores. Toward this end, we have used both transmission electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy to determine the structure of both dormant and germinating spores. We found that the spores are surrounded by an amorphous layer intertwined with honeycomb parasporal layers. Moreover, the spore coat layers had apparently self-assembled, and this assembly was likely to be governed by crystal growth principles. During germination and outgrowth, the honeycomb layers, as well as the underlying spore coat and undercoat layers, sequentially dissolved until the vegetative cell was released. In addition to their implications for understanding the biology of C. novyi NT, these studies document the presence of proteinaceous growth spirals in a biological organism.

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