A study on oral rehydration therapy of diarrheal disease in Western Sicily

1987 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Nastasi ◽  
M.F. Massenti ◽  
G. Scarlata ◽  
C. Mammina ◽  
V. Alestra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diarrheal Disease ◽  
Oral Rehydration Therapy ◽  
Oral Rehydration ◽  
Western Sicily

Use of Oral Fluids in Treatment of Diarrhea

1985 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-30
Author(s):  
William J. Klish
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Intake ◽  
Diarrheal Disease ◽  
Medical Profession ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Oral Rehydration Therapy ◽  
Early 19Th Century ◽  
Oral Rehydration ◽  
Oral Fluids ◽  
Folk Remedy ◽  
History Of

The practicing physician cannot help but be somewhat surprised by the current interest and publicity given to oral rehydration therapy for diarrheal disease. Indeed, oral rehydration therapy has been used to some extent by all physicians who deal with diarrhea, and the history of its use as a folk remedy is probably as long as the history of diarrheal illness. Why, then, has interest in this rather mundane therapy reemerged? Only recently have we begun to understand how oral fluids are absorbed, and this has resulted in changes in the composition and indications for use of these fluids. Even though the need for fluid intake during an episode of diarrhea has appeared always to have been a part of folk medicine, the medical profession did not consider this practice until the early 19th century. In 1832, after William O'Shoughnessy, an Irish physician, described the chemical composition of the stools in cholera, Thomas Latta of Scotland attempted to treat cholera by the intravenous infusion of water and salts. Of the 15 cases he reported in The Lancet, five patients survived. Latta was criticized severely for this therapy, but it was pointed out (in discussion in The Lancet) that these five patients were saved from almost certain death.

scholarly journals Is knowledge and practice of oral rehydration therapy suboptimal? Assessment at Federal Medical Center, Asaba, South-South Nigeria

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (8) ◽  
pp. 2658
Author(s):  
Bertilla U. Ezeonwu ◽  
Ayodeji Ayodele ◽  
Obinna C. Ajaegbu ◽  
Nkemjika E. Mbagwu ◽  
Odiri Ovemeso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Kidney Injury ◽  
Diarrheal Disease ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Oral Rehydration Therapy ◽  
Oral Rehydration Salt ◽  
Survival Strategies ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Oral Rehydration ◽  
Knowledge And Practice

Background: Oral rehydration therapy (ORT) is a core component of the childhood survival strategies to reduce child mortality and morbidity due to diarrhoeal disease with its fatal dehydrating complication of acute kidney injury. This strategy is indispensable to the attainment of the International Society of Nephrology’s (ISN) aim to eliminate preventable deaths from acute kidney injury (AKI) by year 2025. Diarrheal disease is the second most common cause of morbidity and mortality in children at our centre. This interventional study assessed the knowledge and the practice of ORT among caregivers, educated and trained them on the management of diarrhoeal diseases and practice of ORT. Oral rehydration salt (ORS) and zinc tablets were also distributed. Methods: An interviewer-administered questionnaire was used following informed consent. Consented care givers of wards attendees of FMC Asaba were assessed on their knowledge and their practice of ORT, educated on childhood diarrheal diseases, trained on practice of ORT and had ORS and zinc tablets distributed to them. These assessments were done on the spot and 6 weeks after the health talk, from July 2015 to December 2015. Results: There were 266 respondents and 231 were mothers. The immediate impact of the health talk on the knowledge and the practice of ORT was laudable, p≤0.0001 and educational attainment of the respondent influenced the immediate post health talk knowledge of ORT, p=0.009. The age of the respondent predicted the long term impact of health talk on practice of ORT, p=0.020. Conclusions: Knowledge and practice of ORT are not optimal but can be improved by regular education.  

The impact of systematic use of oral rehydration therapy on outcome in acute diarrheal disease in children

1994 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 326-329 ◽  
Author(s):  
FATMA OGUZ ◽  
MÜJGAN SIDAL ◽  
NEDRET UZEL ◽  
SERPIL UGUR ◽  
ÖZLEM SÜOGLU ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diarrheal Disease ◽  
Oral Rehydration Therapy ◽  
Oral Rehydration ◽  
The Impact

Food based oral rehydration therapy for improved management of diarrheal disease

1991 ◽  
Vol 58 (6) ◽  
pp. 745-755 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Majid Molla ◽  
A. Bari ◽  
W. B. Greenough
Keyword(s):  
Diarrheal Disease ◽  
Oral Rehydration Therapy ◽  
Oral Rehydration

Tropical Pediatrics

1993 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 95-99
Author(s):  
Philip R. Fischer
Keyword(s):  
Preventive Medicine ◽  
Early Treatment ◽  
Diarrheal Disease ◽  
Oral Rehydration Therapy ◽  
Disease Treatment ◽  
Oral Rehydration ◽  
Malnourished Children ◽  
Linguistic Barriers ◽  
The Tropics ◽  
Pediatric Morbidity

Tropical pediatrics often is more a study of the consequences of poverty than of exotic infections. Pediatricians involved with the care of children in or from the tropics must deal with poverty, place an appropriate emphasis on preventive medicine, and seek to bridge their own cultural and linguistic barriers. Malaria, diarrheal disease, and malnutrition account for a large part of pediatric morbidity and mortality in tropical countries. P falciparum can cause severe malarial disease. Treatment must be initiated promptly; resistance to antimalarial drugs is possible. Hygienic and nutritional prevention of diarrhea must be coupled with widespread use of oral rehydration therapy for acute cases of diarrhea. Identification and early treatment of mildly malnourished children can prevent some of the mortality of overt marasmus and kwashiorkor.

scholarly journals Awareness and Knowledge of Mothers Regarding Home Management of Diarrheal Disease for Children Less Than Five

2021 ◽  
pp. 58-62
Author(s):  
Eiman Ahmed Saad Mohmed ◽  
Mohammed AbdallaIbrahim Abdalla
Keyword(s):  
Diarrheal Disease ◽  
Oral Rehydration Therapy ◽  
The Body ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Good Knowledge ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Poor Knowledge ◽  
Home Management ◽  
Oral Rehydration ◽  
Home Based

Background: Diarrhea is the major cause of morbidity and mortality among children less than 5 years of age. Adequate rehydration therapy is the most important aspect of management. Home-based Oral Rehydration Therapy (ORT) prevents morbidity and mortality. In this study, our objective was to assess the awareness and knowledge of mothers regarding home management of the diarrheal disease for children less than five years in Gaffer Ibnauf specialized children’s hospital. Methods: This study was descriptive cross-sectional in gaffer ibnauf specialized children hospital. A questionnaire was provided to all the mothers admitted by children under five. in gastroenteritis word. Results: A total of 50 mothers60% of mothers have an aware understanding of the term childhood diarrhea. 52% of mothers were aware of signs of diarrhea. 48.0% of mothers aware of the severe symptoms noticed in children with diarrhea. 40.0% of mothers identify the mode of diarrhea spread, and more than halve the mothers had poor knowledge. 52.0% of mothers are aware of the danger of diarrhea. 42.0% of respondents were aware that dehydration is associated with acute loss of water and salt from the body. 52.0% of responders had good knowledge about the management of diarrhea. 64.0% of the respondents were aware of the composition of oral rehydration therapy. 48.0% of the respondents had knowledge of how to avoid some diets (like fat and fiber) in order to prevent diarrhea. Conclusions:- The study concluded that mothers had good knowledge about definition, signs, symptoms, main danger of diarrhea, the composition of ORT, importance of fluid and breastfeed continuation, and they had poor knowledge about the diet control types of diarrheal diseases and mode of its transmission.

scholarly journals Knowledge, attitude and practice of acute diarrheal disease and use of oral rehydration therapy among mothers of under five children

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 1976
Author(s):  
Achinta K. R. Mallick ◽  
Janki Bangari ◽  
Shalu S. Kumar ◽  
Himani Suyal
Keyword(s):  
Acute Diarrhea ◽  
Diarrheal Disease ◽  
Oral Rehydration Therapy ◽  
Bottle Feeding ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Oral Rehydration ◽  
Attitude And Practice ◽  
Correct Definition ◽  
Knowledge And Practice ◽  
Knowledge Attitude And Practice

Background: Acute diarrhea in children is among the commonest causes of outpatient and inpatient attendance in medical setup. Though enough has been done in imparting knowledge about diarrhea and its management, there is a gap between knowledge and practice in the population. Aim of the study is to assess the mother’s knowledge, attitude and practice about diarrhea in children.Methods: Cross-sectional survey, conducted in the pediatric department of a peripheral hospital in Pune, Maharashtra.Results: Of the 305 mothers surveyed, their knowledge about diarrhea was good with 77.1% knowing correct definition, and most mothers knowing correctly about its mode of transmission, the positive role of good hygiene & sanitation, breast feeding and oral rehydration therapy (ORT) in prevention and management of acute diarrhea. However, their attitude and practice were found lacking, with higher rate of bottle feeding (59.3%) and lesser use of standard (46.3%) as well as home based (69.9%) ORT measures.Conclusions: There is discrepancy between the knowledge and practice. Hence, there is the need of sustained efforts in imparting both knowledge and practice among the population.

scholarly journals Mobile Genetic Elements of Vibrio cholerae and the Evolution of Its Antimicrobial Resistance

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rituparna De
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Vibrio Cholerae ◽  
Gut Microbiome ◽  
Diarrheal Disease ◽  
Oral Rehydration Therapy ◽  
Mobile Genetic Elements ◽  
Environmental Niche ◽  
Oral Rehydration ◽  
Genetic Elements ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance Genes

Vibrio cholerae (VC) is the causative agent of the severe dehydrating diarrheal disease cholera. The primary treatment for cholera is oral rehydration therapy (ORT). However, in case of moderate to severe dehydration, antibiotics are administered to reduce morbidity. Due to the emergence of multidrug resistant (MDR) strains of VC routinely used antibiotics fail to be effective in cholera patients. Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is encoded in the genome of bacteria and is usually acquired from other organisms cohabiting in the environment or in the gut with which it interacts in the gut or environmental niche. The antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) are usually borne on mobile genetic elements (MGEs) like plasmids, transposons, integrons and SXT constin. Horizontal gene transfer (HGT) helps in the exchange of ARGs among bacteria leading to dissemination of AMR. In VC the acquisition and loss of AMR to many antibiotics have been found to be a dynamic process. This review describes the different AMR determinants and mechanisms of resistance that have been discovered in VC. These ARGs borne usually on MGEs have been recovered from isolates associated with past and present epidemics worldwide. These are responsible for resistance of VC to common antibiotics and are periodically lost and gained contributing to its genetic evolution. These resistance markers can be routinely used for AMR surveillance in VC. The review also presents a precise perspective on the importance of the gut microbiome in the emergence of MDR VC and concludes that the gut microbiome is a potential source of molecular markers and networks which can be manipulated for the interception of AMR in the future.

To Improve the Household Management of Diarrhea

1996 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 15-19
Author(s):  
Margaret Bentley ◽  
Elizabeth Herman
Keyword(s):  
Diarrheal Disease ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Oral Rehydration Therapy ◽  
Oral Rehydration Salt ◽  
Simple Solution ◽  
Intravenous Therapy ◽  
Oral Rehydration ◽  
Child Morbidity ◽  
Sustained Use ◽  
The 1960S

Diarrheal disease is one of the leading causes of infant and child morbidity and mortality worldwide. Developed in the 1960s, oral rehydration salt solutions (ORS) were a major technological advance, offering a practical alternative to intravenous therapy for treatment of dehydration. Subsequently, ORS in prepacked sachets (or various home prepared solutions, such as sugar-salt solution or cereal-based solutions) have been promoted worldwide for home and clinic treatment of diarrhea. Yet early efforts to promote ORS, often through sophisticated social marketing and mass media programs, showed that increasing public awareness of diarrheal disease and the benefits of ORS did not necessarily lead to the desired behavior change—the effective and sustained use of ORS. (See, for example, M. K. Nations and L. A. Rebhun, "Mystification of a Simple Solution: Oral Rehydration Therapy in Northeast Brazil," Social Science and Medicine 27[1988]:25-38.) Apparently, the "simple solution" is not quite so simple.

scholarly journals Oral Rehydration Therapy: WHO at 40, ORT at 30

1989 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan LaPook ◽  
Richard N. Fedorak
Keyword(s):  
Diarrheal Disease ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Oral Rehydration Therapy ◽  
Sodium Concentration ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
World Health ◽  
Organic Substrates ◽  
Oral Rehydration ◽  
Rehydration Solutions ◽  
Health Organization

Oral rehydration therapy may prove to be mankind's most significant therapeutic advance this century. Diarrheal disease remains the number one killer of children in the world and is a major cause of illness within Canada and other developed countries. Since its discovery 30 years ago, oral rehydration therapy, comprising glucose, salt and water, has been a simple and low cost treatment for people with life threatening diarrheal disease. Recent developments in solutions for oral rehydration therapy have led to the recognition chat the existing World Health Organization glucose based oral replacement salt could be improved. ln commercially available rehydration solutions, the sodium concentration has been lowered to reduce hypernatremia in noncholera induced diarrhea. Citrate has replaced bicarbonate as the base in oral replacement solutions to pro long shelf life. Organic substrates to replace glucose and enhance intestinal fluid and electrolyte absorption without osmotic penalty are being examined. However, their acceptance and proper utilization in developing countries remains to be determined.

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