Photoreceptor cells and neural elements with long axonal processes in the pineal organ of the lamprey, Lampetra japonica, identified by use of the horseradish peroxidase method

1989 ◽  
Vol 258 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Samejima ◽  
S. Tamotsu ◽  
K. Watanabe ◽  
Y. Morita
Keyword(s):  
Horseradish Peroxidase ◽  
Pineal Organ ◽  
Photoreceptor Cells ◽  
Lampetra Japonica ◽  
Horseradish Peroxidase Method

Dissociation of photoreceptor cells from the pineal organ of the lamprey, Lampetra japonica

1991 ◽  
Vol 263 (3) ◽  
pp. 589-592 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Samejima ◽  
S. Tamotsu ◽  
Y. Muranaka ◽  
Y. Morita
Keyword(s):  
Pineal Organ ◽  
Photoreceptor Cells ◽  
Lampetra Japonica

Neural elements of the pineal complex of the frog, rena esculenta, I: Centrally projecting neurons

1990 ◽  
Vol 4 (05) ◽  
pp. 389-397 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Ekström ◽  
Hilmar Meissl
Keyword(s):  
Pineal Organ ◽  
Photoreceptor Cells ◽  
Rana Esculenta ◽  
Projection Neurons ◽  
Pineal Complex ◽  
Bipolar Neuron ◽  
Neural Organization ◽  
Hand Functions ◽  
Frontal Organ ◽  
Pineal Tract

AbstractThe pineal complex of anuran &hibians is a directly photosensory organ, encompassing both an extracranial portion, the frontal organ, and an intracranial portion, the pineal organ proper. The projection neurons of the frontal organ respond differentially according to the wavelengths of the light stimuli. The pineal organ, on the other hand, functions mainly as a luminosity meter. Most of its centrally projecting neurons respond to all increases in ambient illumination with decreases in spontaneous firing of action potentials, although some neural units in the pineal organ may respond according to wavelength. This difference in responses to light stimulation may be reflected in the neural organization of the two parts of the pineal complex. In the present study, we have analyzed the morphology of the projection neurons of the frontal and pineal organs of the frog,Rana esculenta, by backfilling of the neurons with horseradish peroxidase through their cut axons. In the pineal organ, several types of centrally projecting neurons were observed: peripherally situated unipolar and multipolar neurons, the dendrites of which extend into a superficial axon plexus that surrounds the pineal epithelium; smaller unipolar, bipolar, or multipolar neurons situated close to the central pineal tract; and radially oriented bipolar neurons, with short dendritic processes oriented towards the lumen of the pineal organ. This latter type was strongly reminiscent of photoreceptor cells. The centrally projecting neurons of the frontal organ were multipolar, and situated in the ventral part of the organ. One photoreceptor-like bipolar neuron was observed in one frontal organ. The neurons of the frontal organ did not form a superficial plexus of neurites. This difference may relate to the different ratio of chromaticity/luminosity units in the frontal and pineal organs.

Three Kinds of Guanylate Cyclase Expressed in Medaka Photoreceptor Cells in Both Retina and Pineal Organ

1999 ◽  
Vol 255 (2) ◽  
pp. 216-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
Osamu Hisatomi ◽  
Hanayo Honkawa ◽  
Yoshikazu Imanishi ◽  
Takunori Satoh ◽  
Fumio Tokunaga
Keyword(s):  
Guanylate Cyclase ◽  
Pineal Organ ◽  
Photoreceptor Cells

scholarly journals Histochemical differentiation of complex carbohydrates with variants of the concanavalin A-horseradish peroxidase method.

1978 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 233-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
T Katsuyama ◽  
S S Spicer
Keyword(s):  
Horseradish Peroxidase ◽  
Concanavalin A ◽  
Periodate Oxidation ◽  
Liver Glycogen ◽  
Class Ii ◽  
Class Iii ◽  
Horseradish Peroxidase Method ◽  
Hrp Method ◽  
Complex Carbohydrates ◽  
Mucous Neck Cells

Various treatments carried out prior to the concanavalin A-horseradish perioxidase (HRP) method have been found to affect the staining and have permitted differentiation of three main classes of complex carbohydrates in the rat alimentary tract. Class I mucosubstances lose and class II and III paradoxically gain concanavalin A-horseradish peroxidase reactivity after periodate oxidation. Class II mucosubstances lose whereas class III retain or increase their reactivity with a reduction step interposed between oxidation and concanavalin A-horseradish peroxidase staining. Mucous neck cells, pyloric glands, Brunner's glands and mast cells exhibit strong class III staining, whereas other sites such as intestinal goblet and salivary gland acini differ widely in their type of staining. Liver glycogen stains like mucosubstances in an unstable subgroup of class III. The paradoxical increase in concanavalin A binding during oxidation correlates with the appearance of Schiff reactivity implicating oxidation of vicinal hydroxyls as the basis for the effect. The periodate-induced staining is therefore, thought to result from an oxidative disruption of linkages between vicinal hydroxyls of neighboring sugars and hydroxyls of mannose required for concanavalin A binding. Staining with the described concanavalin A-horseradish peroxidase variants appears to afford information concerning cytochemical distribution of mannose-rich glycoproteins as well as differences among these substances in the relation of mannose to neighboring sugars.

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