The effects of short-term occlusion therapy on reversal of the anatomical and physiological effects of monocular deprivation in the lateral geniculate nucleus and visual cortex of kittens

1983 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
S.G. Crewther ◽  
D.P. Crewther ◽  
D.E. Mitchell
Keyword(s):  
Visual Cortex ◽  
Lateral Geniculate Nucleus ◽  
Monocular Deprivation ◽  
Physiological Effects ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Occlusion Therapy ◽  
Lateral Geniculate

scholarly journals Elastic Net Model of Ocular Dominance: Overall Stripe Pattern and Monocular Deprivation

1994 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 615-621 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geoffrey J. Goodhill ◽  
David J. Willshaw
Keyword(s):  
Visual Cortex ◽  
Lateral Geniculate Nucleus ◽  
Primary Visual Cortex ◽  
Ocular Dominance ◽  
Monocular Deprivation ◽  
Elastic Net ◽  
Global Order ◽  
Stripe Pattern ◽  
Lateral Geniculate ◽  
Stripe Width

The elastic net (Durbin and Willshaw 1987) can account for the development of both topography and ocular dominance in the mapping from the lateral geniculate nucleus to primary visual cortex (Goodhill and Willshaw 1990). Here it is further shown for this model that (1) the overall pattern of stripes produced is strongly influenced by the shape of the cortex: in particular, stripes with a global order similar to that seen biologically can be produced under appropriate conditions, and (2) the observed changes in stripe width associated with monocular deprivation are reproduced in the model.

Functional aspects of plasticity in the visual system of adult cats after early monocular deprivation

1977 ◽  
Vol 278 (961) ◽  
pp. 411-424 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Cortex ◽  
Superior Colliculus ◽  
Lateral Geniculate Nucleus ◽  
Visual Stimuli ◽  
Monocular Deprivation ◽  
Early Deprivation ◽  
Optic Chiasma ◽  
Lateral Geniculate ◽  
Eyes Open ◽  
Y Cells

Responses to visual stimuli and to electrical stimulation of the optic chiasma were analysed in neurons of the lateral geniculate nucleus, visual cortex and superior colliculus in monocularly deprived cats with different post-deprivation periods. If the cats had both eyes open in their post-deprivation period (1 year) no recovery from the effects of early deprivation was found in the responses of neurones in all 3 visual structures. In cats with a post-deprivation reverse closure we found an increase in the proportion of Y-cells recorded in the early deprived layer of LGN when compared to the Y-cell proportion found in the same layers immediately after the deprived eye was opened. In neurons of the visual cortex and superior colliculus the functional abnormalities remained unaltered. The late closure of the non-deprived eye for up to 3 years did not effect neurons normally activated through that eye. Removal of the non-deprived eye unmasked connections of the deprived eye’s pathway onto neurons in the visual cortex and the superior colliculus. The neurons showed no specificity for the direction of movement or the orientation of visual stimuli. This recovery from deprivation was greater after enucleating the cats at the age of 6 months than at 18 months after birth. In the lateral geniculate nucleus of these cats the proportion of Y-cells in the recorded sample driven by the deprived eye had recovered to the value of normal cats. The difficulties in relating these physiological findings to results from morphological or behavioural studies are discussed.

scholarly journals Experience-dependent development of NMDAR1 subunit expression in the lateral geniculate nucleus

1999 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 781-789 ◽  
Author(s):  
MARK A. FAVA ◽  
KEVIN R. DUFFY ◽  
KATHRYN M. MURPHY
Keyword(s):  
Visual Cortex ◽  
Postnatal Development ◽  
Lateral Geniculate Nucleus ◽  
Critical Period ◽  
Visual Experience ◽  
Monocular Deprivation ◽  
Lateral Geniculate ◽  
Subunit Expression ◽  
Complete Reversal ◽  
Eye Opening

Monocular deprivation early in postnatal development leads to anatomical and physiological changes in the lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN) and visual cortex. Many of these changes are dependent upon activation of the NMDA receptor. We have examined the role of visual experience in modifying NMDAR1 subunit expression in the LGN of animals reared with various forms of visual deprivation. Following monocular deprivation initiated either at eye opening or at the peak of the critical period, there were approximately 20% fewer NMDAR1-immunopositive neurons in the deprived laminae of the LGN. The loss of NMDAR1-immunopositive neurons was found throughout both the binocular and monocular segments of the LGN and after monocular deprivation until just 3 weeks of age. These results indicate that the loss of NMDAR1 in the LGN following monocular deprivation does not simply reflect changes in the visual cortex. The loss of NMDAR1 expression was not necessarily permanent. Initiation of binocular vision at the peak of the critical period ameliorated the effect of monocular deprivation and the introduction of a period of reverse occlusion led to a complete reversal. Taken together, the results show that the expression of the NMDAR1 subunit in the LGN can be modified by the pattern of visual experience during postnatal development.

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