Induction by progesterone of a sexual dimorphism of estrogen uptake by anterior pituitary cells in situ

1981 ◽  
Vol 215 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
DonaldA. Keefer
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Dimorphism ◽  
Anterior Pituitary ◽  
Pituitary Cells ◽  
Anterior Pituitary Cells

scholarly journals Detection of insulin synthesis in mammalian anterior pituitary cells by immunohistochemistry and demonstration of insulin-related transcripts by in situ RNA-DNA hybridization.

1986 ◽  
Vol 34 (5) ◽  
pp. 673-678 ◽  
Author(s):  
G C Budd ◽  
B Pansky ◽  
B Cordell
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Nucleic Acid ◽  
Dna Hybridization ◽  
Anterior Pituitary ◽  
Secretory Granules ◽  
Pituitary Cells ◽  
Insulin Synthesis ◽  
Anterior Pituitary Cells ◽  
Pancreatic B Cells

Insulin or highly homologous transcripts is shown to be synthesized in cultures of mammalian anterior pituitary cells using cloned insulin-specific cDNA probes and nucleic acid cytochemistry. The insulin-hybridizing cells are less abundant than the growth hormone-producing cells, occurring in the cultures at approximately one tenth the frequency. Immunocytochemistry demonstrates that insulin or insulin-like proteins is also synthesized by the cultured pituitary cells and that the insulin immunoreactivity is contained within secretory granules. It appears that many of these secretory granules are concentrated around the periphery of the cell, unlike the insulin-containing granules in pancreatic B-cells.

Arginine-Vasopressin in Anterior Pituitary Cells: In situ Hybridization of mRNA and Ultrastructural Localization of Immunoreactivity

1991 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 303-311 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chantal Terrier ◽  
Jean-Guy Chabot ◽  
Gerard Pautrat ◽  
Lydie Jeandel ◽  
Dave Gray ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Arginine Vasopressin ◽  
Anterior Pituitary ◽  
Ultrastructural Localization ◽  
Pituitary Cells ◽  
Anterior Pituitary Cells

The effect of estradiol on output of adrenocorticotropin and prolactin by fetal sheep anterior pituitary cells

1998 ◽  
Vol 76 (9) ◽  
pp. 843-849 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Wang ◽  
S G Matthews ◽  
K Yang ◽  
JRG Challis
Keyword(s):  
Anterior Pituitary ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Pituitary Cells ◽  
Fetal Sheep ◽  
Culture Cells ◽  
Pomc Mrna ◽  
Anterior Pituitary Cells ◽  
Prolactin Mrna

We examined the hypothesis that estradiol (E2) would affect fetal anterior pituitary corticotroph and lactotroph function in vitro, and that any effects would be influenced by gestational age. Anterior pituitary cells from fetal sheep at day 129 (n = 4) and at day 139 (n = 5) of gestation were cultured. After 96 h in culture, cells were treated for 18 h with E2 concentrations ranging from 0 to 1000 nM, in the presence or absence of 100 nM of corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH), cortisol, arginine vasopressin (AVP), or CRH and cortisol, to examine their effects on corticotroph function. Cells were also treated with bromocriptine or increasing concentrations of E2 to study their effects on lactotroph function. Immunoreactive (ir) adrenocorticotropin (ACTH) and prolactin in the culture medium were measured by radioimmunoassay. Levels of cellular pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) mRNA and prolactin mRNA were determined by in situ hybridization. Immunohistochemistry was used to determine the percentage of cells that were immunopositive for ACTH (corticotrophs) or prolactin (lactotrophs). ACTH output was stimulated by CRH treatment at day 139 but not at day 129 of gestation, and cortisol attenuated this response. ACTH output by cells cultured with 10 nM E2 and 100 nM CRH, at 139 days of gestation, was greater than with CRH alone (p < 0.05). E2 did not affect basal ACTH output or ACTH output with any other treatment or levels of POMC mRNA. Prolactin output was not affected by E2 treatment. Bromocriptine significantly decreased prolactin output but not levels of prolactin mRNA. We conclude that E2 may affect CRH-stimulated fetal sheep pituitary corticotroph function late in gestation, but only within a narrow, physiological range of concentration.Key words: estradiol, adrenocorticotropin, prolactin, anterior pituitary, fetal sheep.

Tyrosine kinase inhibitors enhance GHRH-stimulated cAMP accumulation and GH release in rat anterior pituitary cells

1997 ◽  
Vol 152 (2) ◽  
pp. 193-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
T Ogiwara ◽  
C L Chik ◽  
A K Ho
Keyword(s):  
Tyrosine Kinase ◽  
Cholera Toxin ◽  
Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors ◽  
Anterior Pituitary ◽  
Kinase Inhibitors ◽  
Pituitary Cells ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Camp Accumulation ◽  
Anterior Pituitary Cells ◽  
Site Of Action

Abstract In this study, the role of tyrosine phosphorylation in agonist-stimulated cAMP accumulation and GH release in rat anterior pituitary cells was investigated. It was found that genistein, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor, while having no effect on its own, potentiated GHRH-stimulated cAMP accumulation in a concentration-dependent manner. In comparison, daidzein, an inactive analogue of genistein, was ineffective and vanadate, a phosphotyrosine phosphatase inhibitor, reduced GHRH-stimulated cAMP accumulation. Additional structurally unrelated tyrosine kinase inhibitors, erbstatin and tyrphostins, also potentiated GHRH-stimulated cAMP accumulation. To determine the site of action of the tyrosine kinase inhibitors, pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP), cholera toxin and forskolin were used to increase cAMP accumulation. Genistein enhanced the PACAP-, cholera toxin- or forskolin-stimulated cAMP accumulation, suggesting that the site of action is at the post-receptor level. However, when the phosphodiesterase was inhibited by isobutylmethylxanthine, genistein did not potentiate and vanadate did not inhibit GHRH-stimulated cAMP accumulation, indicating that phosphodiesterase is a probable site of action for the inhibitor. Genistein and erbstatin also enhanced GHRH-stimulated GH release and the effect of vanadate was inhibitory. These results indicate that tyrosine kinase inhibitors enhance cAMP accumulation through their action on phosphodiesterase activity in rat anterior pituitary cells and the tyrosine kinase pathway appears to be involved in the control of GH release. Journal of Endocrinology (1997) 152, 193–199

Culture of Enzymatically Dispersed Anterior Pituitary Cells: Functional Validation of a Method

Endocrinology ◽  
1972 ◽  
Vol 91 (2) ◽  
pp. 562-572 ◽  
Author(s):  
WYLIE VALE ◽  
GEOFFREY GRANT ◽  
MAX AMOSS ◽  
RICHARD BLACKWELL ◽  
ROGER GUILLEMIN
Keyword(s):  
Anterior Pituitary ◽  
Pituitary Cells ◽  
Functional Validation ◽  
Anterior Pituitary Cells
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