scholarly journals Culture medium pH is influenced by basal medium, carbohydrate source, gelling agent, activated charcoal, and medium storage method

1991 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
HenryR. Owen ◽  
Donna Wengerd ◽  
A.Raymond Miller
Keyword(s):  
Activated Charcoal ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Basal Medium ◽  
Gelling Agent ◽  
Medium Ph ◽  
Carbohydrate Source ◽  
Storage Method ◽  
Medium Storage

scholarly journals In Vitro Adventitious Rooting of Carrizo Citrange Microshoots

HortScience ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 45 (6) ◽  
pp. 988-990 ◽  
Author(s):  
Almudena Montoliu ◽  
Aurelio Gómez-Cadenas ◽  
Rosa M. Pérez-Clemente
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Gibberellic Acid ◽  
Activated Charcoal ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Basal Medium ◽  
Poncirus Trifoliata ◽  
Naphthalene Acetic Acid ◽  
Root Induction ◽  
Carrizo Citrange

The objective of this work was to develop an efficient in vitro rooting protocol for one of the most commercially used citrus rootstocks in Spain, Carrizo citrange (Citrus sinensis L. Osbeck × Poncirus trifoliata L. Raf.). Single-node cuttings taken from greenhouse-grown plants were cultured in petri dishes containing basal Murashige and Skoog medium. Shoots from nodal stem segments were excised and cultured in a multiplication medium (basal medium supplemented with 1.8 μM 6-benzylaminopurine) to promote the development of axillary buds. Individual shoots (15 mm long) were treated with different hormones at several concentrations for root induction evaluations. The addition of activated charcoal (AC) to the culture medium was also explored. The addition of auxins to the culture medium enhanced rooting percentage. Optimal results were obtained when 1-naphthalene acetic acid (10.8 μM) and gibberellic acid (0.3 μM) were added to the culture medium. The addition of AC to the rooting medium resulted in negative effects on the percentage of rooted shoots but had a positive effect on number of roots per rooted shoot. Chemical names used: activated charcoal (AC); 6-benzylaminopurine (BA); 1-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA); gibberellic acid (GA3); indole-3-butyric acid (IBA)

scholarly journals Effect of Gelling Agent and Selective Sub-culturing on Hyperhydricity in Anther-Derived Coconut Embryos

CORD ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 12
Author(s):  
P I P Perera
Keyword(s):  
Plant Regeneration ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Basal Medium ◽  
Gelling Agent ◽  
Embryo Maturation ◽  
Liquid Culture Medium ◽  
Embryo Formation ◽  
Maturation Medium ◽  
The Media ◽  
Regeneration Efficiency

Experiments were conducted to compare the liquid medium with the media solidified with agar or phytagel. Selective subculturing and use of the embryo maturation medium supplemented with higher concentration of phytagel (0.5%; w/v) were also tested for reducing the vitrified embryos. Modified Eeuwens Y3 medium was used as the basal medium. By culturing the anthers on the medium solidified with phytagel (0.25%; w/v), direct embryo formation (86.7%) and embryo conversion (21.5%) were significantly increased. Plant regeneration efficiency of anther derived embryos or calluses developed in the liquid culture medium was extremely low (2.4%). Vitrification was further reduced by incorporating 0.5% (w/v) phytagel into the embryo maturation medium. Highest plant regeneration efficiency was obtained by exposing the embryos to 0.5% (w/v) phytagel for 21 days, which reduced vitrification by 42%. Furthermore, selective subculturing of the embryos was effective for reducing vitrification.

scholarly journals Improving Rooting and Shoot Tip Survival of Micropropagated Transgenic American Chestnut Shoots

HortScience ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 171-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allison D. Oakes ◽  
Tyler Desmarais ◽  
William A. Powell ◽  
Charles A. Maynard
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Engineering ◽  
Activated Charcoal ◽  
Shoot Tips ◽  
American Chestnut ◽  
Gelling Agent ◽  
White Oak ◽  
Oxidase Gene ◽  
Hardwood Trees ◽  
Rooting Medium ◽  
Exotic Pests

Many hardwood tree species are being threatened by exotic pests, and for some, only genetic engineering can offer a solution before functional extinction occurs. An example of how genetic engineering can be a useful tool for forest restoration is the transgenic american chestnuts, which contain a wheat oxalate oxidase gene conferring resistance to the chestnut blight. Many hundreds of these trees are needed for field trials and eventual restoration plantings throughout its natural range, but production is bottlenecked because of the difficulty of making hardwood trees produce roots through micropropagation. The presence of roots and living shoot tips precede successful acclimatization of tissue culture-produced american chestnut plantlets. In these experiments, we attempted to improve the post-rooting stage of our american chestnut propagation protocol. We examined vessel type, hormone, and activated charcoal concentrations, and using a vermiculite substrate. For plantlets with the best combination of roots and living shoot tips we recommend using semisolid post-rooting medium containing 2 g·L−1 activated charcoal and 500 mg humic acid in disposable fast-food takeout containers. When using vermiculite as a substrate, adding 2.0 g·L−1 activated charcoal to post-rooting medium without a gelling agent was the preferred treatment. Improving the survival rates of the american chestnut plantlets will benefit the american chestnut restoration project by providing more plant material for both ecological studies and eventual restoration, since pursuit of a nonregulated status for these transgenic trees will require extensive field testing. These procedures may also be applicable to other difficult-to-root hardwood trees in transgenic programs, such as american butternut, white oak, and black walnut.

scholarly journals Carbohydrates on the growth of Cattleya schilleriana Reichb.f. seedlings (Orchidaceae)

2018 ◽  
Vol 48 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Renato Fernandes Galdiano Júnior ◽  
Cibele Mantovani ◽  
Eliana Gertrudes de Macedo Lemos
Keyword(s):  
Survival Data ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Seedling Survival ◽  
In Vitro Growth ◽  
Growth Data ◽  
Carbohydrate Source ◽  
Carbohydrate Supplementation ◽  
Percentage Survival ◽  
Half Strength

ABSTRACT: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of carbohydrate supplementation on the propagation of the orchid Cattleya schilleriana. The 120-d-old seedlings were subcultured in fructose-, glucose-, or sucrose-supplemented (0, 15, 30, and 45g L-1) ½ MS culture medium (half-strength macronutrient concentrations), using a completely random design with four repetitions per treatment. After 120d of treatment, root number and length, leaf number and length, and fresh weight were evaluated, and seedling survival was evaluated after 75d of acclimatization in a greenhouse. The in vitro growth data were submitted to regression analysis, whereas the percentage survival data were analyzed using ANOVA and Tukey’s test. Both in vitro growth and ex vitro survival were lowest when the plantlets were grown in the absence of a carbohydrate source and highest (>90% survival) when supplemented with glucose. According to our findings, the addition of either glucose (30g L-1) or sucrose (30g L-1) is recommended for mass propagation of C. schilleriana.

scholarly journals In vitro answer of Bulgarian pepper (Capsicum annuum L.)

Genetika ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 129-136
Author(s):  
Velichka Rodeva ◽  
Stanislava Grozeva ◽  
Velichka Todorova
Keyword(s):  
Culture Medium ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Casein Hydrolysate ◽  
Basal Medium ◽  
Regeneration Ability ◽  
Stem Explants ◽  
Media Composition ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
High Level

Callusogenesis and regeneration ability of cotyledon and hypocotyl explants from three Bulgarian pepper varieties in MS basal medium supplemented with l-3mg/l BAP. l.0mg/1 IAA and 0.5mg/l GA3 was studied. In the different variants of culture medium was registered high level of callusogenesis and organogenesis in both type of explants from the all varieties. The highest percentage of plant-regenerants is established in cotyledon explants (from 3.3 to 18.3) in variant 3 of the culture medium containing 3mg/l BA. In the process of micropropagation by stem explants of the same studied pepper varieties the addition of the vitamins C. B12. Casein hydrolysate and Ferulic acid had a stimulation effect on the plant growth in height and rooting. In result of anther cultivation from three pepper varieties and four breeding lines the highest percentage of embryo structure formation was registered in varieties Albena and Strjama (12.0 and 13.8 respectively). The Bulgarian peppers are recalcitrant and their in vitro answer is different depending from the explants type, genotype and the culture media composition.

scholarly journals ACTIVATED CHARCOAL APPLICATION FOR THE MICROPROPAGATION OF Cattleya crispata (Thunb.) Van den Berg

Nativa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 352-358
Author(s):  
Denys Matheus Santana Costa Souza ◽  
Sérgio Bruno Fernandes ◽  
Letícia Vaz Molinari ◽  
Maria Lopes Martins Avelar ◽  
Gilvano Ebling Brondani
Keyword(s):  
Endemic Species ◽  
Activated Charcoal ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Genetic Conservation ◽  
Campo Rupestre ◽  
In Vitro Germination ◽  
Germination Speed

 Micropropagation is an alternative for the genetic conservation and propagation of endemic species from “Campo Rupestre Ferruginoso”, such as the orchid Cattleya crispata. The aim of the present study is to assess the influence of activated charcoal on the in vitro germination, multiplication and elongation phases of C. crispata. Seeds extracted from mature capsules were used for inoculation in the culture medium that was adopted to assess the effect of supplementation, or not, with activated charcoal. Data about germination speed, seedling number, length, vigor, oxidation and contamination (bacterial and/or fungal) were assessed through these phases. Based on the results obtained, the use of activated charcoal was efficient in the in vitro germination and multiplication phases of C. crispata, providing greater speed and percentage of germination, less contamination and oxidation of the tissues, greater number, length and vigor of shoots, being effective for the genetic conservation and production of seedlings of the species. Culture medium without the supplementation of activated charcoal provided the best results for the in vitro elongation, with greater length, vigor and less oxidation of shoots.

scholarly journals Glycoprotein metabolism in normal and β-mannosidase-deficient cultured goat skin fibroblasts

1986 ◽  
Vol 234 (1) ◽  
pp. 175-183 ◽  
Author(s):  
L W Hancock ◽  
M Z Jones ◽  
G Dawson
Keyword(s):  
Culture Medium ◽  
Human Fibroblasts ◽  
Skin Fibroblasts ◽  
Medium Ph ◽  
Cytosolic Ph ◽  
Catabolic Pathways ◽  
No Conversion ◽  
Lysosomal Ph ◽  
Cultured Skin ◽  
Oligosaccharide Structures

Cultured skin fibroblasts established from goats affected with beta-mannosidosis, an inherited neurovisceral storage disorder, showed an absence of lysosomal beta-mannosidase activity and the corresponding accumulation of a trisaccharide (TS) with the structure Man beta (1→4)GlcNAc beta (1→4)GlcNAc (0.4 mumol/g) and lesser amounts (0.15 mumol/g) of a Man beta (1→4)GlcNAc disaccharide (DS). By using purified storage TS isolated from fibroblasts metabolically labelled with [3H]GlcN, no conversion of TS into DS could be demonstrated in homogenates of affected cells at either lysosomal pH (4.4) or cytosolic pH (6.1), or in the culture medium (pH 7.0) of affected cells. Both TS and DS were secreted into the culture medium by affected fibroblasts. When affected fibroblasts were treated with tunicamycin before labelling with [3H]GlcN, the accumulation of both labelled TS and DS was completely inhibited. Treatment of both affected and normal goat fibroblasts with swainsonine resulted in the inhibition of lysosomal alpha-mannosidase activity and in the accumulation of the same labelled oligosaccharides in both. The major storage pentasaccharide from both normal and affected swainsonine-treated fibroblasts was sensitive to digestion with alpha-mannosidase and endo-beta-N-acetylhexosaminidase D, suggesting a branched mannose structure and a chitobiose core. In the absence of evidence for the existence of unusual N-linked glycoprotein-associated chitotriose oligosaccharide structures in affected goat fibroblasts, it must be concluded that degradative pathways for N-linked oligosaccharides are similar in both normal and affected goat fibroblasts, and that these pathways differ from catabolic pathways in human fibroblasts.

scholarly journals Fermentative Capacity of Three Strains of Lactobacillus Using Different Sources of Carbohydrates: In Vitro Evaluation of Synbiotic Effects, Resistance and Tolerance to Bile and Gastric Juices

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dolar Pak ◽  
Arunachalam Muthaiyan ◽  
Robert S. Story ◽  
Corliss A. O'Bryan ◽  
Sun-Ok Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Basal Medium ◽  
Lactobacillus Bulgaricus ◽  
Carbohydrate Source ◽  
Fermentative Capacity ◽  
Colony Forming Units ◽  
Test Organisms ◽  
Different Sources

<p>A fermentation study of three probiotic <em>Lactobacillus</em> strains was conducted on individual carbohydrates including glucose (GLU) high methoxy pectin (HMP), sugar beet pectin (SBP), fructooligosaccharide (FOS), galactooligosaccharide (GOS), and inulin agave (IA) as the sole carbon sources. It was observed that <em>Lactobacillus bulgaricus </em>(LB), <em>Lactobacillus casei</em> (LC) and <em>Lactobacillus delbruckii</em> (LD) achieved the highest growth rates when they were grown in the presence of GLU, FOS, and IA, but LB had a slower growth rate in these substrates compared to LC and LD. Only LC had a statistically significantly higher growth rate in GOS than in the basal medium which contained no carbohydrate source. Exposure to bile caused a significant reduction of log colony forming units/ml of all 3 strains, with LD grown in HMP exhibiting the highest survival followed by LC and LD grown in GLU, and LD grown on IA. Although HMP was not fermented by the test organisms, results indicate that HMP may in fact help certain probiotic bacteria to survive exposure to bile. Exposure to simulated gastric juices indicated that the studied <em>Lactobacilli</em> are tolerant to simulated gastric juice.</p>

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