Distribution of unesterified and esterified pectins in cell walls of pollen tubes of flowering plants

1994 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Y.Q. Li ◽  
F. Chen ◽  
H.F. Linskens ◽  
M. Cresti
Keyword(s):  
Cell Walls ◽  
Pollen Tubes ◽  
Flowering Plants

scholarly journals Evolution and Diversity of Plant Cell Walls: From Algae to Flowering Plants

2011 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 567-590 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zoë A. Popper ◽  
Gurvan Michel ◽  
Cécile Hervé ◽  
David S. Domozych ◽  
William G.T. Willats ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Cell ◽  
Cell Walls ◽  
Flowering Plants ◽  
Plant Cell Walls

scholarly journals Pollen tube guidance by the female gametophyte

Development ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 124 (12) ◽  
pp. 2489-2498 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.M. Ray ◽  
S.S. Park ◽  
A. Ray
Keyword(s):  
Pollen Tube ◽  
Long Range ◽  
Female Gametophyte ◽  
Chromosomal Translocation ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Pollen Tubes ◽  
Flowering Plants ◽  
Genetic Studies ◽  
Transmitting Tract ◽  
Pollen Tube Guidance

In flowering plants, pollen grains germinate on the pistil and send pollen tubes down the transmitting tract toward ovules. Previous genetic studies suggested that the ovule is responsible for long-range pollen tube guidance during the last phase of a pollen tube's journey to the female gametes. It was not possible, however, to unambiguously identify the signaling cells within an ovule: the haploid female gametophyte or the diploid sporophytic cells. In an effort to distinguish genetically between these two possibilities, we have used a reciprocal chromosomal translocation to generate flowers wherein approximately half the ovules do not contain a functional female gametophyte but all ovules contain genotypically normal sporophytic cells. In these flowers, pollen tubes are guided to the normal but not to the abnormal female gametophytes. These results strongly suggest that the female gametophyte is responsible for pollen tube guidance, but leave open the possibility that the gametophyte may accomplish this indirectly through its influence on some sporophytic cells.

Duckweeds as Promising Food Feedstocks Globally

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Debora Pagliuso ◽  
Adriana Grandis ◽  
Janaina Silva Fortirer ◽  
Plinio Camargo ◽  
Eny Ioshevet Floh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Cell Walls ◽  
Food Source ◽  
Soluble Sugars ◽  
Flowering Plants ◽  
Food Sources ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Common Food ◽  
The World

Duckweeds are the smallest flowering plants on Earth. They grow fast on water's surface and produce large amounts of biomass. Further, duckweeds display high adaptability, and species are found around the globe growing under different environmental conditions. In this work, we report the composition of 21 ecotypes of fourteen species of duckweeds belonging to the two sub-families of the group (Lemnoideae and Wolffioideae). It is reported the presence of starch and the composition of soluble sugars, cell walls, amino acids, phenolics, and tannins. These data were combined with literature data recovered from 85 publications to produce a compiled analysis that affords the examination of duckweeds as possible food sources for human consumption. We compare duckweeds compositions with some of the most common food sources and conclude that duckweed, which is already in use as food in Asia, can be an interesting food source anywhere in the world.

scholarly journals Molecular Cloning of Two Exo-β-glucanases and Their in vivo Substrates in the Cell Walls of Lily Pollen Tubes

2004 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 436-444 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroyuki Takeda ◽  
Takuo Yoshikawa ◽  
Xi-Zhen Liu ◽  
Naoki Nakagawa ◽  
Yi-Qin Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Cloning ◽  
Cell Walls ◽  
Pollen Tubes ◽  
Lily Pollen

Sexual reproduction of mountain hemlock (Tsuga mertensiana)

1975 ◽  
Vol 53 (17) ◽  
pp. 1811-1826 ◽  
Author(s):  
John N. Owens ◽  
Marje Molder
Keyword(s):  
Cell Walls ◽  
Pollen Tubes ◽  
Linear Tetrad ◽  
Form Complex ◽  
Male Gametes ◽  
Canal Cell ◽  
Micropylar Canal ◽  
Tsuga Mertensiana ◽  
Mother Cells ◽  
Ventral Canal

Meiosis of pollen mother cells begins in October of the year in which cones are initiated. They reach pachytene then become dormant until the next March. Meiosis is complete and the winged pollen mature by mid-June. Meiosis of the megaspore mother cell occurs in May, forming a linear tetrad of megaspores. The female gametophyte undergoes free nuclear division at pollination in mid-June. No pollination drop is present; rather, the pollen adheres to the sticky, splayed edge of the micropyle, where it germinates and pollen tubes grow toward the nucellus. The nucellus elongates into the micropylar canal, forming a nucellar beak, which makes contact with the pollen tubes. Several pollen tubes penetrate the nucellus.At the time of fertilization early in August, each ovule contains two to four aichegonia each having two to four neck cells in one tier. Pollen tubes penetrate the neck cells and two male gametes are formed. The ventral canal cell breaks down and fusion occurs in the center of the archegonium. Four free nuclei form and migrate to the base of the archegonium. cell walls form, and a 16-celled proembryo develops. Both simple and cleavage polyembryony occur. Rosette cells divide but do not form complex embryos. The embryo and seed are mature in October and the cones dry and open during October and November. Mature cones averaged 70 seeds, of which 46% were filled.Reproduction in mountain hemlock (Tsuga mertensiana (Bong.) Carr.) is similar to that in other species of Tsuga except for the presence of winged pollen. Any attempt to place the species in the genus Picea or place it as a hybrid midway between Picea and Tsuga is unfounded based on all of the more-conservative reproductive and embryological characteristics.

scholarly journals Isolation of Sperms from the Pollen Tubes of Flowering Plants during Fertilization

1988 ◽  
Vol 87 (3) ◽  
pp. 647-650 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. R. Shivanna ◽  
H. Xu ◽  
P. Taylor ◽  
R. B. Knox
Keyword(s):  
Pollen Tubes ◽  
Flowering Plants

scholarly journals The Cell Wall Proteome of Marchantia polymorpha Reveals Specificities Compared to Those of Flowering Plants

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hasan Kolkas ◽  
Thierry Balliau ◽  
Josiane Chourré ◽  
Michel Zivy ◽  
Hervé Canut ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Cell Walls ◽  
Flowering Plants ◽  
Marchantia Polymorpha ◽  
Class Iii ◽  
Polyphenol Oxidases ◽  
Functional Studies ◽  
Functional Classes ◽  
Cell Wall Proteome ◽  
Class Iii Peroxidases

Primary plant cell walls are composite extracellular structures composed of three major classes of polysaccharides (pectins, hemicelluloses, and cellulose) and of proteins. The cell wall proteins (CWPs) play multiple roles during plant development and in response to environmental stresses by remodeling the polysaccharide and protein networks and acting in signaling processes. To date, the cell wall proteome has been mostly described in flowering plants and has revealed the diversity of the CWP families. In this article, we describe the cell wall proteome of an early divergent plant, Marchantia polymorpha, a Bryophyte which belong to one of the first plant species colonizing lands. It has been possible to identify 410 different CWPs from three development stages of the haploid gametophyte and they could be classified in the same functional classes as the CWPs of flowering plants. This result underlied the ability of M. polymorpha to sustain cell wall dynamics. However, some specificities of the M. polymorpha cell wall proteome could be highlighted, in particular the importance of oxido-reductases such as class III peroxidases and polyphenol oxidases, D-mannose binding lectins, and dirigent-like proteins. These proteins families could be related to the presence of specific compounds in the M. polymorpha cell walls, like mannans or phenolics. This work paves the way for functional studies to unravel the role of CWPs during M. polymorpha development and in response to environmental cues.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document