Firing characteristics of vestibular nuclei neurons in the alert monkey after bilateral vestibular neurectomy

1992 ◽  
Vol 89 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Waespe ◽  
U. Schwarz ◽  
M. Wolfensberger
Keyword(s):  
Vestibular Nuclei ◽  
Alert Monkey ◽  
Vestibular Neurectomy ◽  
Firing Characteristics

scholarly journals L-Thyroxine improves vestibular compensation in a rat model of acute peripheral vestibulopathy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guillaume Rastoldo ◽  
Emna Marouane ◽  
Nada El Mahmoudi ◽  
David Pericat ◽  
Isabelle Watabe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rat Model ◽  
Hormone Receptors ◽  
Immunohistochemical Analysis ◽  
Vestibular Nuclei ◽  
Vestibular Compensation ◽  
Metabolic Effects ◽  
Iodothyronine Deiodinase ◽  
Vestibular Neurectomy ◽  
Peripheral Vestibulopathy ◽  
Unilateral Vestibular Neurectomy

AbstractUnilateral vestibular lesions induce a vestibular syndrome, which recovers over time due to vestibular compensation. The therapeutic effect of L-Thyroxine (L-T4) on vestibular compensation was investigated by behavioral testing and immunohistochemical analysis in a rat model of unilateral vestibular neurectomy (UVN). We demonstrated that an acute L-T4 treatment reduced the vestibular syndrome and significantly promoted vestibular compensation. Thyroid hormone receptors (TRα and TRβ) and type II iodothyronine deiodinase (DIO2) were present in the vestibular nuclei (VN), supporting a local action of L-T4. We confirmed the T4-induced metabolic effects by demonstrating an increase in the number of cytochrome oxidase-labelled neurons in the VN three days after the lesion. L-T4 treatment modulated glial reaction by decreasing both microglia and oligodendrocytes in the deafferented VN three days after UVN and increased cell proliferation. The survival of newly generated cells was not affected, but neuronal differentiation was altered by the L-T4 treatment.

Transfer characteristics of neurons in vestibular nuclei of the alert monkey

1978 ◽  
Vol 41 (6) ◽  
pp. 1614-1628 ◽  
Author(s):  
U. W. Buettner ◽  
U. Buttner ◽  
V. Henn
Keyword(s):  
Low Frequency ◽  
Vertical Axis ◽  
Vestibular Nuclei ◽  
Phase Advance ◽  
Frequency Compensation ◽  
Alert Monkey ◽  
Similar Time ◽  
Time Constants ◽  
Vestibular Neurons ◽  
System Time

1. In the alert monkey, 74 neurons in the vestibular nuclei were investigated during sinusoidal rotation about a vertical axis at frequencies between 0.003 and 0.5 Hz. Phase and gain were determined by a fast Fourier analysis program. 2. Phase advance, relative to turntable velocity, was small between 0.05 and 0.5 Hz. At lower frequencies phase advance increased to 45 degrees at 0.007--0.02 Hz, and 90 degrees at 0.003--0.005 Hz. In agreement with the phase characteristics, a gain decrease of -3 dB was determined between 0.007 and 0.02 Hz. Assuming a linear system, time constants of 9.5, 11.9, and 24.5 s were calculated for three different monkeys. 3. Simultaneously recorded nystagmus exhibited similar time constants as the central vestibular neurons for each monkey. 4. Frequency responses of 11 neurons were recorded from the same monkeys while they were under general anesthesia and the time constants were reduced to 4--7 s. This is the range of time constants seen in the peripheral nerve. 5. The longer time constants in the alert state are due to an integration process, which provides a low-frequency compensation, and is thought to be achieved through a feedback loop involving the reticular formation. 6. In the alert and anesthetized state, monkeys were also exposed to velocity trapezoids. Time constants of decay of neuronal activity were in good agreement with the data obtained during sinusoidal stimulation. 7. A transfer function of the primary vestibular afferents is expanded to include the described low-frequency compensation found in central vestibular neurons in the alert animals.

Adult and endemic neurogenesis in the vestibular nuclei after unilateral vestibular neurectomy

2021 ◽  
Vol 196 ◽  
pp. 101899
Author(s):  
Guillaume Rastoldo ◽  
Nada El Mahmoudi ◽  
Emna Marouane ◽  
David Pericat ◽  
Isabelle Watabe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vestibular Nuclei ◽  
Vestibular Neurectomy ◽  
Unilateral Vestibular Neurectomy

New neurons in the vestibular nuclei complex after unilateral vestibular neurectomy in the adult cat

2007 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brahim Tighilet ◽  
Jean Michel Brezun ◽  
Gustave Dit Duflo Sylvie ◽  
Céline Gaubert ◽  
Michel Lacour
Keyword(s):  
Vestibular Nuclei ◽  
Vestibular Neurectomy ◽  
Adult Cat ◽  
Unilateral Vestibular Neurectomy

scholarly journals Response Linearity of Alert Monkey Non-Eye Movement Vestibular Nucleus Neurons During Sinusoidal Yaw Rotation

2009 ◽  
Vol 102 (3) ◽  
pp. 1388-1397 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shawn D. Newlands ◽  
Nan Lin ◽  
Min Wei
Keyword(s):  
Eye Movement ◽  
Peak Velocity ◽  
Rhesus Macaques ◽  
Vestibular Nucleus ◽  
Stimulus Frequency ◽  
Vestibular Nuclei ◽  
Alert Monkey ◽  
Vestibular Neurons ◽  
Vestibular Afferents ◽  
S Peak

Vestibular afferents display linear responses over a range of amplitudes and frequencies, but comparable data for central vestibular neurons are lacking. To examine the effect of stimulus frequency and magnitude on the response sensitivity and linearity of non-eye movement central vestibular neurons, we recorded from the vestibular nuclei in awake rhesus macaques during sinusoidal yaw rotation at frequencies between 0.1 and 2 Hz and between 7.5 and 210°/s peak velocity. The dynamics of the neurons' responses across frequencies, while holding peak velocity constant, was consistent with previous studies. However, as the peak velocity was varied, while holding the frequency constant, neurons demonstrated lower sensitivities with increasing peak velocity, even at the lowest peak velocities tested. With increasing peak velocity, the proportion of neurons that silenced during a portion of the response increased. However, the decrease in sensitivity of these neurons with higher peak velocities of rotation was not due to increased silencing during the inhibitory portion of the cycle. Rather the neurons displayed peak firing rates that did not increase in proportion to head velocity as the peak velocity of rotation increased. These data suggest that, unlike vestibular afferents, the central vestibular neurons without eye movement sensitivity examined in this study do not follow linear systems principles even at low velocities.

Unit activity in vestibular nucleus of the alert monkey during horizontal angular acceleration and eye movement

1975 ◽  
Vol 38 (5) ◽  
pp. 1140-1161 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. F. Fuchs ◽  
J. Kimm
Keyword(s):  
Eye Movements ◽  
Vestibular Nucleus ◽  
Angular Acceleration ◽  
Vestibular Nuclei ◽  
Vestibular Stimulation ◽  
Button Press ◽  
Alert Monkey ◽  
Unit Discharge ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Single units were recorded from the vestibular nuclei of unanesthetized monkeys that were rotated in the horizontal plane while simultaneously pressing individual buttons in a controlled array which turned with hem. Using this behavioral paradigm, it was possible to 1) determine the relationship of unit discharge to eye movements measured by the DC-coupled electrooculogram and calibrated by the button-press task, and 2) determine the relationship of unit discharge to horizontal acceleration, either with or without the compensatory eye movements evoked by vestibular stimulation. Based on their responses during vestibular stimulation and/or eye movements, neurons in the vestibular nuclei (77% of our sample was in the medial nucleus) could be divided into four groups...

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