Contrast-enhanced colour duplex sonography of carotid arteries

1994 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Meents ◽  
A. Burkard
Keyword(s):  
Carotid Arteries ◽  
Duplex Sonography ◽  
Contrast Enhanced ◽  
Colour Duplex Sonography

Carotid Arteries: Maximizing Arterial to Venous Contrast in Fluoroscopically Triggered Contrast-enhanced MR Angiography with Elliptic Centric View Ordering

Radiology ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 211 (1) ◽  
pp. 265-273 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Huston ◽  
Sean B. Fain ◽  
Stephen J. Riederer ◽  
Alan H. Wilman ◽  
Matt A. Bernstein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mr Angiography ◽  
Carotid Arteries ◽  
Contrast Enhanced

Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound in the Assessment of Carotid Atherosclerotic Disease: A Review

Neurographics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-48
Author(s):  
S. Tellapuri ◽  
P.D. Sutphin ◽  
S.P. Kalva ◽  
R.F. Mattrey
Keyword(s):  
Carotid Arteries ◽  
Imaging Technique ◽  
Nonlinear Behavior ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Imaging Features ◽  
Direct Evaluation ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Contrast Enhanced ◽  
Microbubble Contrast Agents

Contrast-enhanced sonography is a safe, radiation-free, and minimally invasive imaging technique. It takes advantage of the nonlinear behavior of microbubble contrast agents to produce microbubble-only images, which allows for the assessment of the extracranial carotid arteries, with a minuscule total dose of <1 mL. This review highlights the current status of extracranial carotid sonography imaging, including plaque characterization when using standard and contrast-enhanced sonography.Learning Objective: Describe risk factors associated with ischemic stroke and the associated imaging features and how contrast-enhanced sonography can provide direct evaluation for carotid artery stenosis as well as characterization of atherosclerotic plaque.

Contrast Enhanced Ultrasound: Visualization of Far Field and Classification of Plaque in the Extracranial Carotid Arteries

2018 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 109-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paige L. Rowland ◽  
Michelle Colpitts ◽  
Angela Malone ◽  
Munis Raza ◽  
Lenora L. Eberhart ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Image Quality ◽  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Carotid Arteries ◽  
Carotid Artery Disease ◽  
Plaque Morphology ◽  
Far Field ◽  
Contrast Enhanced Ultrasound ◽  
Contrast Imaging ◽  
Contrast Enhanced ◽  
Artery Disease

Ultrasound stratification for the degree of carotid artery disease based solely on lumen reduction has poorly predicted patient outcomes. This pilot study focused on patients with moderate carotid artery stenosis. Our purpose was to use contrast imaging with ultrasound to improve carotid field. A total of 10 patients diagnosed with moderate carotid artery stenosis were rescanned with an administration of a contrast imaging agent. Two-dimensional (2D) imaging, color, and Doppler were utilized to scan the patients. The 20 carotid arteries were blindly read by 2 experienced physicians. Visualization of far field, quality of Doppler envelope, plaque morphology, and overall image quality were semi-quantifiably assessed. With the use of a contrast imaging agent, there was a reduction in interphysician interpretation variability. The Kappa coefficient yielded an increase in agreement for postcontrast imaging in the majority of variables. The Doppler envelope showed improvement from precontrast (0.06) to postcontrast (0.63). The visualization of the far fields demonstrated a significant increase in agreement (0.77, 0.71, and 0.67) postcontrast. Plaque morphology demonstrated enhancement in characterization with contrast (–0.09 to 0.66). In this study, contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) was found to increase overall image quality. Improved interpretation can enhance risk stratification and with further exploration could be used to guide treatment plans for patients with asymptomatic moderate carotid artery disease.

Abstract WP120: Measuring Carotid Stenosis With a Novel Non-contrast Enhanced MR Angiography Technique (SNAP): Comparison With Contrast-enhanced MR Angiography

Stroke ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 47 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongge Shu ◽  
Jie Sun ◽  
Niranjan Balu ◽  
Haining Liu ◽  
Daniel S Hippe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carotid Stenosis ◽  
Mr Angiography ◽  
Carotid Arteries ◽  
Weighted Kappa ◽  
Intraplaque Hemorrhage ◽  
Gadolinium Contrast ◽  
Isotropic Resolution ◽  
Contrast Enhanced ◽  
Hemorrhage Risk ◽  
Maximum Intensity Projections

Introduction: Contrast-enhanced MR angiography (CE-MRA) provides highly accurate measurement of carotid stenosis. But non-contrast techniques are desired as contrast agents may lead to anaphylaxis or nephrogenic system fibrosis. Recently, an inversion-recovery gradient echo sequence with phase-sensitive reconstruction was developed for assessment of lumen and intraplaque hemorrhage in one sequence - Simultaneous Noncontrast Angiography and intraPlaque hemorrhage (SNAP). Hypothesis: We tested the hypothesis that SNAP provides an accurate and reproducible assessment of carotid stenosis compared to CE-MRA. Methods: Fifty-eight subjects with 16-79% stenosis on ultrasound were scanned using a large-coverage (16 cm), isotropic-resolution (0.8 mm) SNAP sequence. Minimum intensity projections were generated at ten degrees increments to get 3D views of carotid arteries. Carotid stenosis was measured bilaterally according to the NASCET criteria by independent readers to estimate inter-reader reproducibility. To assess agreement between SNAP and CE-MRA, 24 subjects also underwent CE-MRA with same resolution (0.8 mm isotropic) after injection of gadolinium contrast (Magnevist). Maximum intensity projections were generated for CE-MRA and analyzed while blinded to SNAP data. Results: Of 116 carotid arteries imaged by SNAP, 10 (8.6%) were excluded by at least one reader due to poor image quality or insufficient coverage. Inter-reader reproducibility was high, yielding an intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) of 0.95 (95% CI: 0.93, 0.96). When stenosis measurements were categorized as no/mild (0-29%), moderate (30-69%) and severe (70-99%), weighted kappa was 0.77 (95% CI: 0.66, 0.88). In the 48 arteries with CE-MRA images, agreement between SNAP and CE-MRA was excellent (ICC: 0.96, 95% CI: 0.92, 0.98; weighted kappa: 0.90, 95% CI: 0.79, 1.00). Conclusions: SNAP can be used to obtain accurate and reproducible measurement of extracranial carotid artery stenosis without gadolinium contrast. The ability of SNAP to assess both traditional (stenosis) and emerging (intraplaque hemorrhage) risk factors may promote its use in clinical workup of carotid stenosis.

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