scholarly journals Seasonal growth, ?13C in leaves and stem, and phloem structure of birch (Betula pendula) under low ozone concentrations

Trees ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rainer Matyssek ◽  
MadeleineS. G�nthardt-Goerg ◽  
Matthias Saurer ◽  
Theodor Keller
Keyword(s):  
Betula Pendula ◽  
Seasonal Growth ◽  
Ozone Concentrations ◽  
Phloem Structure

scholarly journals Impairment of gas exchange and structure in birch leaves (Betula pendula) caused by low ozone concentrations

Trees ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rainer Matyssek ◽  
MadeleineS. G�nthardt-Goerg ◽  
Theodor Keller ◽  
Christoph Scheidegger
Keyword(s):  
Gas Exchange ◽  
Betula Pendula ◽  
Ozone Concentrations

scholarly journals Effects of above-limit ground-level ozone concentrations on the health condition of the silver birch (Betula pendula Roth) assimilation apparatus within the period of 2009–2011

Beskydy ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-42
Author(s):  
Emilie Bednářová
Keyword(s):  
Betula Pendula ◽  
Ground Level ◽  
Health Condition ◽  
Silver Birch ◽  
Epicuticular Waxes ◽  
Tree Stand ◽  
Ground Level Ozone ◽  
Ozone Concentrations ◽  
Analysis Of Results ◽  
Epicuticular Layer

Effects of above-limit ground-level ozone concentrations on the health condition of the silver birch (Betula pendula Roth) assimilation apparatus was monitored using the method of study of changes in epicuticular waxes. These waxes are present on the surface of leaves and protect the plant (and, especially, its assimilation apparatus) against negative environmental effects. Studies were performed in a tree stand of the 2nd age category in altitudes ranging from 600 to 1,050 m in the Ore Mountains (Krušné hory in Czech). It was found out that, as compared with a control stand, the thickness of the wax epicuticular layer decreased with the increasing altitude while concentrations of the ground-level ozone increased. A visible damage of the assimilation apparatus was observed in localities with the highest concentrations of ground-level ozone. Here, not only an overall decrease in the amount of epicuticular waxes was observed but also a degradation of their structure. A statistical analysis of results proved that the loss of epicuticular waxes was significantly dependent on above-limit concentrations of ground-level ozone.

scholarly journals Differentiation and structural decline in the leaves and bark of birch (Betula pendula) under low ozone concentrations

Trees ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
MadeleineS. G�nthardt-Goerg ◽  
Rainer Matyssek ◽  
Christoph Scheidegger ◽  
Theodor Keller
Keyword(s):  
Betula Pendula ◽  
Ozone Concentrations

Organic material dissolved during oxygen-alkali pulping of hot water extracted birch sawdust

TAPPI Journal ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 237-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
JONI LEHTO ◽  
RAIMO ALÉN
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Betula Pendula ◽  
Cooking Time ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Partial Hydrolysis ◽  
Chemical Pulping ◽  
Black Liquors ◽  
Aliphatic Carboxylic Acids ◽  
Hydrolysis Of ◽  
Cooking Conditions

Untreated and hot water-treated birch (Betula pendula) sawdust were cooked by the oxygen-alkali method under the same cooking conditions (temperature = 170°C, liquor-to-wood ratio = 5 L/kg, and 19% sodium hydroxide charge on the ovendry sawdust). The pretreatment of feedstock clearly facilitated delignification. After a cooking time of 90 min, the kappa numbers were 47.6 for the untreated birch and 10.3 for the hot water-treated birch. Additionally, the amounts of hydroxy acids in black liquors based on the pretreated sawdust were higher (19.5-22.5g/L) than those in the untreated sawdust black liquors (14.8-15.5 g/L). In contrast, in the former case, the amounts of acetic acid were lower in the pretreated sawdust (13.3-14.8 g/L vs. 16.9-19.1 g/L) because the partial hydrolysis of the acetyl groups in xylan already took place during the hot water extraction of feedstock. The sulfur-free fractions in the pretreatment hydrolysates (mainly carbohydrates and acetic acid) and in black liquors (mainly lignin and aliphatic carboxylic acids) were considered as attractive novel byproducts of chemical pulping.

A REVIEW OF 10 YEARS' RESEARCH WITH RED CLOVERS UNDER GRAZING IN SOUTHLAND

1989 ◽  
pp. 181-187
Author(s):  
R.J.M. Hay ◽  
D.L. Ryan
Keyword(s):  
Tall Fescue ◽  
Red Clover ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Seasonal Growth ◽  
Sheep Grazing ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Late Flowering ◽  
Heavy Weight ◽  
Widespread Acceptance ◽  
Summer Growth

In a series of trials at Grasslands Gore, over 10 years, the late-flowering tetraploid red clover 'Grassland Pawera' was more productive and persistent than other red clover cultivars. The strong summer growth of Pawera meets the need for heavy-weight lamb feed and high quality forage for conservation in intensive sheep farming systems in Southland. Lenient. infrequent defoliation is necessary to maximise DM production and persistence of Pawera. The most compatible of the grasses evaluated was 'Grasslands Roa' tall fescue. However, 'Grasslands Nui' ryegrass will still be the major grass sown with Pawera owing to its widespread acceptance. In ryegrass mixtures, sowing rates of 5-7 kg/ha of red clover were needed to optimise establishment and subsequent yield. Evidence of oestrogenic activity of Pewera to sheep prompted Grasslands Division to select within Pawera for a low formononetin cultivar. Keywords: red clover, Pawera. Hamua, Turoa. G21. G22, G27. oestrogenic activity, Nui ryegrass, Roa tall fescue, Maru phalaris. Southland, sheep grazing, frequency, intensity, quality. seasonal growth

Phytoindication of the environmental conditions by the degree of leaves damage of Betula pendula Roth

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 66-74
Author(s):  
Kristina Krupey ◽  
◽  
Katerina Obruch ◽  
A. Mihailichenko ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Betula Pendula ◽  
Betula Pendula Roth

Оценка содержания металлов в надземных органах березы повислой в условиях полиметаллического загрязнения окружающей среды

2010 ◽  
pp. 21-25
Author(s):  
Р. Х. Гиниятуллин ◽  
Алексей Юрьевич Кулагин
Keyword(s):  
Betula Pendula ◽  
Betula Pendula Roth

Представлены материалы по оценке относительного жизненного состояния и аккумуляции металлов различными надземными органами березы повислой (Betula pendula Roth.) в условиях технического загрязнения Стерлитамакского промышленного центра (СПЦ). Показано, что насаждения березы в СПЦ способны депонировать техногенные металлы в этих условиях.

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