Regulation of expression of genes for enzymes of the mammalian urea cycle in permanent cell-culture lines of hepatic and non-hepatic origin

1983 ◽  
Vol 53-54 (1-2) ◽  
Author(s):  
DonaldF. Haggerty ◽  
ElaineB. Spector ◽  
Maureen Lynch ◽  
Rita Kern ◽  
LauraB. Frank ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Culture ◽  
Urea Cycle ◽  
Regulation Of Expression ◽  
Expression Of Genes ◽  
Permanent Cell

scholarly journals NtbHLH1, a JAF13-like bHLH, interacts with NtMYB6 to enhance proanthocyanidin accumulation in Chinese Narcissus

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuxin Fan ◽  
Jiayu Peng ◽  
Jiacheng Wu ◽  
Ping Zhou ◽  
Ruijie He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flavonoid Biosynthesis ◽  
Transcriptional Level ◽  
Flavonoid Pathway ◽  
Regulation Of Expression ◽  
Over Expression ◽  
Expression Of Genes ◽  
Genes Encoding ◽  
Regulatory Complex ◽  
Positive Regulators ◽  
R2r3 Myb

Abstract Background Flavonoid biosynthesis in plants is primarily regulated at the transcriptional level by transcription factors modulating the expression of genes encoding enzymes in the flavonoid pathway. One of the most studied transcription factor complexes involved in this regulation consists of a MYB, bHLH and WD40. However, in Chinese Narcissus (Narcissus tazetta L. var. chinensis), a popular monocot bulb flower, the regulatory mechanism of flavonoid biosynthesis remains unclear. Results In this work, genes related to the regulatory complex, NtbHLH1 and a R2R3-MYB NtMYB6, were cloned from Chinese Narcissus. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that NtbHLH1 belongs to the JAF13 clade of bHLH IIIf subgroup, while NtMYB6 was highly homologous to positive regulators of proanthocyanidin biosynthesis. Both NtbHLH1 and NtMYB6 have highest expression levels in basal plates of Narcissus, where there is an accumulation of proanthocyanidin. Ectopic over expression of NtbHLH1 in tobacco resulted in an increase in anthocyanin accumulation in flowers, and an up-regulation of expression of the endogenous tobacco bHLH AN1 and flavonoid biosynthesis genes. In contrast, the expression level of LAR gene was significantly increased in NtMYB6-transgenic tobacco. Dual luciferase assays showed that co-infiltration of NtbHLH1 and NtMYB6 significantly activated the promoter of Chinese Narcissus DFR gene. Furthermore, a yeast two-hybrid assay confirmed that NtbHLH1 interacts with NtMYB6. Conclusions Our results suggest that NtbHLH1 may function as a regulatory partner by interacting directly with NtMYB6 to enhance proanthocyanidin accumulation in Chinese Narcissus.

Peptidergic Regulation of Expression of Genes Encoding Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Proteins

2012 ◽  
Vol 152 (5) ◽  
pp. 615-618 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Kh. Khavinson ◽  
N. S. Lin’kova ◽  
A. V. Dudkov ◽  
V. O. Polyakova ◽  
I. M. Kvetnoi
Keyword(s):  
Regulation Of Expression ◽  
Expression Of Genes ◽  
Genes Encoding ◽  
Inflammatory Proteins ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

scholarly journals Regulation of Expression of Genes Involved in Quinate and Shikimate Utilization in Corynebacterium glutamicum

2009 ◽  
Vol 75 (11) ◽  
pp. 3461-3468 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haruhiko Teramoto ◽  
Masayuki Inui ◽  
Hideaki Yukawa
Keyword(s):  
Corynebacterium Glutamicum ◽  
Aromatic Compounds ◽  
Sole Carbon Source ◽  
Shikimate Pathway ◽  
Transcriptional Regulator ◽  
Shikimate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Regulation Of Expression ◽  
Expression Of Genes ◽  
High Level ◽  
Utilization Pathway

ABSTRACT The utilization of the hydroaromatic compounds quinate and shikimate by Corynebacterium glutamicum was investigated. C. glutamicum grew well with either quinate or shikimate as the sole carbon source. The disruption of qsuD, encoding quinate/shikimate dehydrogenase, completely suppressed growth with either substrate but did not affect growth with glucose, indicating that the enzyme encoded by qsuD catalyzes the first step of the catabolism of quinate/shikimate but is not involved in the shikimate pathway required for the biosynthesis of various aromatic compounds. On the chromosome of C. glutamicum, the qsuD gene is located in a gene cluster also containing qsuA, qsuB, and qsuC genes, which are probably involved in the quinate/shikimate utilization pathway to form protocatechuate. Reverse transcriptase PCR analyses revealed that the expression of the qsuABCD genes was markedly induced during growth with either quinate or shikimate relative to expression during growth with glucose. The induction level by shikimate was significantly decreased by the disruption of qsuR, which is located immediately upstream of qsuA in the opposite direction and encodes a LysR-type transcriptional regulator, suggesting that QsuR acts as an activator of the qsuABCD genes. The high level of induction of qsuABCD genes by shikimate was still observed in the presence of glucose, and simultaneous consumption of glucose and shikimate during growth was observed.

scholarly journals Novel Characteristics of the Biological Properties of the YeastSaccharomyces cerevisiaeEukaryotic Initiation Factor 2A

2005 ◽  
Vol 280 (16) ◽  
pp. 15601-15611 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anton A. Komar ◽  
Stephane R. Gross ◽  
Diane Barth-Baus ◽  
Ryan Strachan ◽  
Jack O. Hensold ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Translational Control ◽  
Internal Ribosome Entry Site ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Yeast Cells ◽  
Initiation Factor ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Entry Site ◽  
Regulation Of Expression ◽  
Internal Ribosome Entry ◽  
Expression Of Genes

Eukaryotic initiation factor 2A (eIF2A) has been shown to direct binding of the initiator methionyl-tRNA (Met-tRNAi) to 40 S ribosomal subunits in a codon-dependent manner, in contrast to eIF2, which requires GTP but not the AUG codon to bind initiator tRNA to 40 S subunits. We show here that yeast eIF2A genetically interacts with initiation factor eIF4E, suggesting that both proteins function in the same pathway. The doubleeIF2A/eIF4E-tsmutant strain displays a severe slow growth phenotype, which correlated with the accumulation of 85% of the double mutant cells arrested at the G2/M border. These cells also exhibited a disorganized actin cytoskeleton and elevated actin levels, suggesting that eIF2A might be involved in controlling the expression of genes involved in morphogenic processes. Further insights into eIF2A function were gained from the studies of eIF2A distribution in ribosomal fractions obtained from either aneIF5BΔ (fun12Δ) strain or aeIF3b-ts(prt1-1) strain. It was found that the binding of eIF2A to 40 and 80 S ribosomes was not impaired in either strain. We also found that eIF2A functions as a suppressor of Ure2p internal ribosome entry site-mediated translation in yeast cells. The regulation of expression from theURE2internal ribosome entry site appears to be through the levels of eIF2A protein, which has been found to be inherently unstable with a half-life of ∼17 min. It was hypothesized that this instability allows for translational control through the level of eIF2A protein in yeast cells.

scholarly journals Role of Oxygen Supply in Macrophages in a Model of Simulated Orthodontic Tooth Movement

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Agnes Schröder ◽  
Leonie Barschkies ◽  
Jonathan Jantsch ◽  
Peter Proff ◽  
Lina Gölz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Culture ◽  
Periodontal Ligament ◽  
Oxygen Supply ◽  
Tooth Movement ◽  
Mechanical Strain ◽  
Orthodontic Tooth Movement ◽  
Hypoxic Cell ◽  
Periodontal Ligament Fibroblasts ◽  
Hypoxic Conditions ◽  
Expression Of Genes

Apart from periodontal ligament fibroblasts, immune cells like macrophages also play an important mediating role in orthodontic tooth movement (OTM). Upon orthodontic force application to malpositioned teeth, macrophages in the periodontal ligament get exposed to both mechanical strain and hypoxic conditions (via a compression of blood vessels). In this study, we assessed the relative impact of orthodontically induced mechanical strain and hypoxic conditions on macrophages for the mediation and regulation of OTM. Macrophages were stimulated with physiological orthodontic compressive forces of 2 g/cm2 for 4 h and 24 h on gas-impermeable or gas-permeable cell culture plates under normoxic or hypoxic cell culture conditions. We quantified expression of genes involved in inflammation (Tnf, Il-6, and Cox-2), extracellular remodelling (Mmp-9), and angiogenesis (Vegf) by RT-qPCR. Furthermore, we analysed HIF-1α, prostaglandin-E2, and VEGF protein expression via immunoblotting or ELISA. Mechanical strain and oxygen supply both differentially affected expression of genes and proteins involved in inflammation and angiogenesis. In this context, we found that HIF-1α protein levels were elevated by combined mechanical strain and hypoxic conditions, whereas gas-permeable plates providing sufficient oxygen supply prevented HIF-1α stabilization at the protein level after pressure application on macrophages. Our results thus indicate that macrophages involved in the mediation of OTM are affected by and respond differently to hypoxic conditions and mechanical compressive strain, which occur concomitantly during OTM, than periodontal ligament fibroblasts (PDLF), thus indicating different roles of these cells in the regulation of OTM at the cellular-molecular level. We further observed that contrary to PDLF HIF-1α stabilization in macrophages is rather induced via the decreased oxygen supply associated with OTM than via mechanotransduction by mechanical strain.

Regulation of Expression of Genes for Three Nitrogenases in Azotobacter Vinelandii

1991 ◽  
pp. 13-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christina Kennedy ◽  
Anil Bali ◽  
Gonzalo Blanco ◽  
Asunscion Contreras ◽  
Martin Drummond ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Azotobacter Vinelandii ◽  
Regulation Of Expression ◽  
Expression Of Genes
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