A Brassica campestris-alboglabra addition line and its use for gene mapping, intergenomic gene transfer and generation of trisomics

1992 ◽  
Vol 84-84 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 592-599 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Y. Chen ◽  
V. Simonsen ◽  
C. Lannér-Herrera ◽  
W. K. Heneen1
Keyword(s):  
Gene Transfer ◽  
Gene Mapping ◽  
Brassica Campestris ◽  
Addition Line

Meiotic studies on a Brassica campestris–alboglabra monosomic addition line and derived B. campestris primary trisomics

Genome ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 584-589 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. F. Cheng ◽  
W. K. Heneen ◽  
B. Y. Chen
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Campestris ◽  
Addition Line ◽  
Genome Chromosome ◽  
Primary Trisomics ◽  
A Genome ◽  
Nucleolar Chromosome ◽  
C Genome ◽  
Monosomic Addition ◽  
Monosomic Addition Line ◽  
Mother Cells

Diakinesis chromosomes were studied in pollen mother cells of Brassica campestris (2n = 20, genome AA), B. alboglabra (2n = 18, genome CC), a B. campestris–alboglabra monosomic addition line (AA + 1 chromosome from the C genome), and four derived B. campestris primary trisomics. The nucleolar chromosomes of B. campestris were distinguishable by their morphology at diakinesis. The alien C-genome chromosome in the addition line paired preferentially with the nucleolar chromosome of the A genome. Very rarely, it paired with another pair of the A genome. Thus, it was concluded that the alien C-genome chromosome of the addition line is primarily homoeologous to the nucleolar chromosome and secondarily to another chromosome of the A genome. Three of the four derived B. campestris trisomic plants were identified as B campestris nucleolar trisomics. Trisomy in the fourth plant involved another chromosome. The cytological mechanism underlying the origin of trisomics in the addition line and chromosome homoeology relationships between B. campestris and B. alboglabra are envisaged.Key words: Brassica campestris–alboglabra addition line, Brassica campestris trisomics, diakinesis, intergenomic chromosome homoeology.

Gene transfer and gene mapping in mammalian cells in culture

In Vitro ◽  
1980 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas B. Shows ◽  
Alan Y. Sakaguchi
Keyword(s):  
Gene Transfer ◽  
Gene Mapping ◽  
Mammalian Cells ◽  
Cells In Culture

Mitotic karyotypes of Brassica campestris and Brassica alboglabra and identification of the B. alboglabra chromosome in an addition line

Genome ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 313-319 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. F. Cheng ◽  
W. K. Heneen ◽  
B. Y. Chen
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Campestris ◽  
Differential Staining ◽  
Gene Localization ◽  
Addition Line ◽  
Alien Chromosome ◽  
Brassica Alboglabra ◽  
Large Size ◽  
C Genome ◽  
Monosomic Addition ◽  
Monosomic Addition Line

A Brassica campestris–alboglabra monosomic addition line (genome: AA + one chromosome from the C genome, 2n = 21) harbours the Brassica alboglabra (CC, 2n = 18) chromosome with the gene for erucic acid. In order to identify this chromosome, we have studied the mitotic prometaphase chromosomes of Brassica campestris (AA, 2n = 20), B. alboglabra, and the monosomic addition line. More pronounced differential staining and size differences of chromosomes were observed in B. campestris than in B. alboglabra. The karyotype of B. campestris was composed of four median (m), four submedian (sm), and two subterminal (st) chromosome pairs, while that of B. alboglabra was composed of three m, four sm, and two st chromosome pairs, provided that the length of the satellite was excluded when determining the arm ratio of the nucleolar chromosome. The alien chromosome from the C genome in the addition line was easily identified in the background B. campestris genome by its large size, its submedian centromere, and its differential staining pattern. When compared with the karyotype of B. alboglabra, the alien chromosome from the C genome in the monosomic addition line was revealed to be chromosome 4.Key words: Brassica campestris, Brassica alboglabra, addition line, mitotic karyotype, gene localization.

Genetic applications of transposable elements in eukaryotes

Genome ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 519-525 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chaoqiang Lai
Keyword(s):  
Gene Transfer ◽  
Molecular Biology ◽  
Transposable Elements ◽  
Gene Mapping ◽  
Transposable Element ◽  
Gene Cloning ◽  
Insertional Mutagenesis ◽  
Genetic Research ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Mapping Gene

Transposable elements have many potential applications in genetic research, including insertional mutagenesis, gene mapping, gene cloning, gene transfer within and between species, and identification of genes expressed in specific tissues at a particular time. All these genetic approaches are important in the study of molecular biology and evolution. As the number of known transposable element families increases and their properties are further documented, their utility as genetic research tools will become greater. The purpose of this article is to discuss the salient properties of transposable elements in eukaryotes and their applications to genetic research.Key words: transposable elements, mutagenesis, plants, Drosophila, genetic application.

Introduction

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 543-544
Author(s):  
W. Bernard
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Nucleic Acid ◽  
Gene Mapping ◽  
Molecular Genetics ◽  
Cell Biology ◽  
Gene Activity ◽  
Close Connection ◽  
Basic Information ◽  
Simple Systems

In comparison to many other fields of ultrastructural research in Cell Biology, the successful exploration of genes and gene activity with the electron microscope in higher organisms is a late conquest. Nucleic acid molecules of Prokaryotes could be successfully visualized already since the early sixties, thanks to the Kleinschmidt spreading technique - and much basic information was obtained concerning the shape, length, molecular weight of viral, mitochondrial and chloroplast nucleic acid. Later, additonal methods revealed denaturation profiles, distinction between single and double strandedness and the use of heteroduplexes-led to gene mapping of relatively simple systems carried out in close connection with other methods of molecular genetics.

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