Endosperm Balance Number and the polar-nuclei activation hypotheses for endosperm development in interspecific crosses of Solanaceae and Gramineae, respectively

1995 ◽  
Vol 91-91 (6-7) ◽  
pp. 848-855 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Katsiotis ◽  
R. E. Hanneman ◽  
R. A. Forsberg
Keyword(s):  
Endosperm Development ◽  
Interspecific Crosses ◽  
Endosperm Balance Number

Evidence for the existence of endosperm balance number in the true clovers (Trifolium spp.)

1986 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 581-586 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. A. Parrott ◽  
R. R. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Ploidy Level ◽  
Related Species ◽  
Interspecific Hybrids ◽  
2N Gametes ◽  
Endosperm Development ◽  
Individual Species ◽  
Interspecific Crosses ◽  
Endosperm Balance Number ◽  
Endosperm Tissue ◽  
2N Eggs

The endosperm balance number (EBN) hypothesis was first advanced to explain results from interspecific crosses in Solanum and later in Impatiens. According to the EBN hypothesis, normal endosperm development following intra- or inter-specific crosses depends on having a ratio of two EBNs from the female to one EBN from the male in the endosperm tissue. EBNs may differ among related species. Successful hybrids can be obtained between species with the same EBN. The ploidy level of an individual species can be varied to modify its EBN, making it cross compatible with a species sharing its modified EBN. Interspecific crosses within Trifolium have been limited and difficult. Crosses reported in the literature, including evidence from our own study, suggest that EBN is operating in Trifolium and have been used to assign EBN numbers to some clover species. The use of 2n eggs enabled two species, differing in EBN, to be crossed. An understanding of the EBN mechanism that operates in Trifolium should make successful interspecific hybrids easier to obtain in the future.Key words: endosperm balance number, hybrids (interspecific), 2n gametes, Trifolium.

Introgression of Solarium acaule germ plasm from the endosperm balance number 2 gene pool into the cultivated endosperm balance number 4 potato gene pool via triplandroids

Genome ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 273-278 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. R. Brown ◽  
K. Adiwilaga
Keyword(s):  
Gene Pool ◽  
Interspecific Hybrids ◽  
Germ Plasm ◽  
Interspecific Crosses ◽  
Endosperm Balance Number ◽  
2N Pollen ◽  
Stainable Pollen ◽  
Low Frequencies ◽  
Pollen Formation ◽  
Cytological Mechanism

Triploid plants from interspecific crosses between selected clones of Solanum acaule and a 2n pollen producing, cultivated diploid expressed an average of 7.7% to 2n pollen, called triplandroids. Percent stainable pollen of these triploids ranged from 1.8 to 22.1%. The cytological mechanism of 2n pollen formation was parallel orientation of spindles in the second division of meiosis. Three triplandroid-producing triploids were crossed to several tetraploid potato cultivars and breeding clones. Of these 4x−3x pollinations, 49% produced berries, containing an average of 15.2 seeds. Progeny from 4x−3x crosses were 67% pentaploid, 2n = 60, and 33% aneuploids 2n = 56–59, mostly 2n = 59. Thus, functional microspores from triploids were predominantly triplandroids, 2n = 3x = 36, with low frequencies of aneuploidy. This use of a triplandroid bridge is a rapid means of introducing S. acaule germ plasm to the cultivated tetraploid gene pool.Key words: interspecific hybrids, parallel spindles, pollen restitution, triploidy, 2n pollen.

The significance of genic balance to endosperm development in interspecific crosses

1980 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. A. Johnston ◽  
T. P. M. den Nijs ◽  
S. J. Peloquin ◽  
R. E. Hanneman
Keyword(s):  
Endosperm Development ◽  
Interspecific Crosses

STUDY OF GENETIC BEHAVIOUR OF INTERSPECIFIC CROSSES OF MAIZE-TEOSINTE (1)

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (12) ◽  
pp. 1779-1791
Author(s):  
M. Abdel-Aty ◽  
Soad Yousef ◽  
M. Ghazy ◽  
S. Basueny
Keyword(s):  
Interspecific Crosses ◽  
Genetic Behaviour

scholarly journals Epistatic Control of Non-Mendelian Inheritance in Mouse Interspecific Crosses

Genetics ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 143 (4) ◽  
pp. 1739-1752 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xavier Montagutelli ◽  
Rowena Turner ◽  
Joseph H Nadeau
Keyword(s):  
X Chromosome ◽  
Genetic Basis ◽  
Mendelian Inheritance ◽  
The Other ◽  
Interspecific Crosses ◽  
Chromosome 2 ◽  
Mus Spretus ◽  
F1 Hybrid ◽  
Strong Deviation ◽  
Marker Loci

Abstract Strong deviation of allele frequencies from Mendelian inheritance favoring Mus spretus-derived alleles has been described previously for X-linked loci in four mouse interspecific crosses. We reanalyzed data for three of these crosses focusing on the location of the gene(s) controlling deviation on the X chromosome and the genetic basis for incomplete deviation. At least two loci control deviation on the X chromosome, one near Xist (the candidate gene controlling X inactivation) and the other more centromerically located. In all three crosses, strong epistasis was found between loci near Xist and marker loci on the central portion of chromosome 2. The mechanism for this deviation from Mendelian expectations is not yet known but it is probably based on lethality of embryos carrying particular combinations of alleles rather than true segregation distortion during oogenesis in F1 hybrid females.

scholarly journals Introgression of Resistance to Leafminer (Liriomyza cicerina Rondani) from Cicer reticulatum Ladiz. to C. arietinum L. and Relationships between Potential Biochemical Selection Criteria

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 57
Author(s):  
Nesrine Chrigui ◽  
Duygu Sari ◽  
Hatice Sari ◽  
Tuba Eker ◽  
Mehmet Fatih Cengiz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Acids ◽  
Succinic Acid ◽  
Selection Criteria ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Recombinant Inbred Lines ◽  
Selection Criterion ◽  
Leaf Miner ◽  
Interspecific Crosses ◽  
Visual Scale ◽  
Resistant Varieties

The chickpea leafminer, Liriomyza cicerina (Rondani), is one of the most destructive insect pests of cultivated chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) in the Mediterranean region under field conditions. For sustainable and environmentally friendly chickpea production, efforts have been devoted to managing the leafminer via decreasing the use of insecticides. Breeding of new resistant varieties is not only an efficient and practical approach, but also cost-effective and environmentally sensitive. To improve resistant varieties, breeders need reliable biochemical selection criteria that can be used in breeding programs. The first objective was to investigate the possible introgression of resistance to the leafminer from C. reticulatum Ladiz. (resistant) to C. arietinum (susceptible), then, to estimate inheritance of resistance to the leafminer for efficient breeding strategies, and finally, to study organic acid contents as selection criteria. Recombinant inbred lines (RILs) and their parents were evaluated using a visual scale of 1–9 (1 = free from leafminer damage and 9 = mines in more than 91% of the leaflets and defoliation greater than 31%) in the field under natural infestation conditions after the susceptible parent and check had scores of >7 on the visual scale. Superior RILs were found for resistance to the leafminer, and agro-morphological traits indicating that introgression of resistance to leaf miner from C. reticulatum to C. arietinum could be possible using interspecific crosses. The inheritance pattern of resistance to the leafminer in RILs was shown to be quantitative. Organic acids, including oxalic, malic, quinic, tartaric, citric and succinic acids in RILs grown in the field under insect epidemic conditions and in the greenhouse under non-infested conditions were detected by using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). In general, organic acids were found to be higher in resistant RILs than susceptible RILs. Path and correlation coefficients showed that succinic acid exhibited the highest direct effects on resistance to the leafminer. Multivariate analyses, including path, correlation and factor analyses suggested that a high level of succinic acid could be used as a potential biochemical selection criterion for resistance to leafminer in chickpea. Resistant RILs with a high seed yield resembling kabuli chickpea can be grown directly in the target environments under leaf miner infestation conditions.

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