Effects of Ca2+ and other divalent cations on K+-evoked force production of slow muscle fibers from Rana esculenta and Rana pipiens

1992 ◽  
Vol 129 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Krippeit-Drews ◽  
H. Schmidt
Keyword(s):  
Rana Pipiens ◽  
Divalent Cations ◽  
Muscle Fibers ◽  
Force Production ◽  
Rana Esculenta ◽  
Slow Muscle ◽  
Evoked Force

Effect of External Calcium and other Divalent Cations on K+ Contractures in Denervated Slow Skeletal Muscle Fibers of the Frog

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonardo Hernández
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Binding Capacity ◽  
Divalent Cations ◽  
Muscle Fibers ◽  
Free Calcium ◽  
Slow Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Fibers ◽  
Free Calcium Concentration ◽  
Chronic Denervation ◽  
Denervated Muscles

The influence of Ca2+ and other divalent cations on contractile responses of slow skeletal muscle fibers of the frog (Rana pipiens) under conditions of chronic denervation was investigated.Isometric tension was recorded from slow bundles of normal and denervated cruralis muscle in normal solution and in solutions with free calcium concentration solution or in solutions where other divalent cations (Sr2+, Ni2+, Co2+ or Mn2+) substituted for calcium. In the second week after nerve section, in Ca2+-free solutions, we observed that contractures (evoked from 40 to 80 mM-K+) of non-denervated muscles showed significantly higher tensions (p<0.05), than those from denervated bundles. Likewise, in solutions where calcium was substituted by all divalent cations tested, with exception of Mn2+, the denervated bundles displayed lower tension than non-denervated, also in the second week of denervation. In this case, the Ca2+ substitution by Sr2+ caused the higher decrease in tension, followed by Co2+ and Ni2+, which were different to non-denervated bundles, as the lowest tension was developed by Mn2+, followed by Co2+, and then Ni2+ and Sr2+. After the third week, we observed a recovery in tension. These results suggest that denervation altering the binding capacity to divalent cations of the voltage sensor.

Extracellular divalent cations in excitation–contraction coupling: hypertonic solution effects

1982 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 440-445
Author(s):  
Isao Oota ◽  
Isao Kosaka ◽  
Torao Nagai ◽  
Hideyo Yabu
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Divalent Cations ◽  
Muscle Fibers ◽  
Hypertonic Solution ◽  
Excitation Contraction Coupling ◽  
Contraction Coupling ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Fibers ◽  
Membrane Bound

It is the purpose of this article to point out that the membrane-bound Ca plays an important role in excitation–contraction (E–C) coupling of skeletal muscle fibers and that other divalent cations are unable to substitute for this role of membrane-bound Ca.

The role of sodium chloride in the process of induction by lithium chloride in cells of the Rana pipiens gastrula

Development ◽  
1968 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 387-396
Author(s):  
Lester G. Barth ◽  
Lucena J. Barth
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Rana Pipiens ◽  
Divalent Cations ◽  
Pigment Cells ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Sodium Ions ◽  
Monovalent Cations ◽  
High Concentration

A study of the effects of a series of monovalent cations, Li+, Na+ and K+, and a series of divalent cations, Mn2+, Ca2+ and Mg2+, upon small aggregates of cells taken from the presumptive epidermis of Rana pipiens gastrulae revealed that these ions induce nerve and pigment cells (Barth, 1965). The effectiveness of both series of ions as inductors was similar to their effects on decreasing the electrophoretic mobility of DNA as determined by Ross & Scruggs (1964). When it was found that sucrose in glass-distilled water also would induce nerve and pigment cells the role of ions as inductors came under closer scrutiny. A study of the nature of the induction by sucrose revealed that a relatively high concentration of sodium ions was necessary in the culture medium used after sucrose treatment (Barth, 1966).

Vertebrate slow muscle fibers.

1970 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Hess
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Fibers ◽  
Slow Muscle

Large retinal ganglion cells that form independent, regular mosaics in the ranid frogs Rana esculenta and Rana pipiens

1997 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 1109-1127 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. M. Shamim ◽  
F. Scalia ◽  
P. Tóth ◽  
J. E. Cook
Keyword(s):  
Rana Pipiens ◽  
Nearest Neighbor ◽  
Ganglion Cells ◽  
Plexiform Layer ◽  
Rana Esculenta ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Inner Plexiform Layer ◽  
High Regularity ◽  
Large Trees ◽  
Cell Dimensions

AbstractPopulation-based studies of ganglion cells in retinal flatmounts have helped to reveal some of their natural types in mammals, teleost fish and, recently, the aquatic mesobatrachian frog Xenopus laevis. Here, ganglion cells of the semiterrestrial neobatrachian frogs Rana esculenta and Rana pipiens have been studied similarly. Ganglion cells with large somata and thick dendrites could again be divided into three mosaic-forming types with distinctive stratification patterns. Cell dimensions correlated inversely with density, being smallest in the visual streak. Cells of the αa mosaic (<0.2% of all ganglion cells) had the largest somata at each location (often displaced) and their trees were confined to one shallow plane within sublamina a of the inner plexiform layer. In regions of high regularity, many trees were symmetric. Elsewhere, asymmetric, irregular trees predominated and their dendrites, although sparsely branched, achieved consistent coverage by intersecting in complex ways. Cells of the αab mosaic were more numerous (≈0.7%) and had large somata, smaller (but still large) trees, and dendrites that branched extensively in two separate shallow planes in sublaminae a and b. The subtrees did not always match in symmetry, and each subtree tessellated independently with its neighbors. Cells of the αc mosaic (≈0.1%) had large, orthotopic somata and large, sparse trees (often asymmetric and irregular) close to the ganglion cell layer. Nearest-neighbor analyses and spatial correlograms confirmed that each mosaic was regular and independent. Densities, proportions, sizes, and mosaic statistics are tabulated for all three types, which are compared with types defined by size and symmetry in R. pipiens, by discriminant analysis in R. temporaria, by physiological response in both, and by mosaic analysis in Xenopus and several teleosts. The variable stratification of these otherwise similar types across species is consistent with other evidence that stratification may be determined, in part, by functional interactions.

scholarly journals In Vivo Studies on Fast and Slow Muscle Fibers in Cat Extraocular Muscles

1966 ◽  
Vol 49 (6) ◽  
pp. 1177-1198 ◽  
Author(s):  
PAUL BACH-y-RITA ◽  
FUMIO ITO
Keyword(s):  
Extraocular Muscle ◽  
Muscle Fibers ◽  
Nerve Fibers ◽  
Slow Muscle ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Muscle Fiber Types ◽  
Fiber Types ◽  
Conduction Velocities ◽  
Frequency Of Stimulation

In anesthetized in vivo preparations, responses of two types of extraocular muscle fibers have been studied. The small, multiply innervated slow fibers have been shown to be capable of producing propagated impulses, and thus have been labeled slow multi-innervated twitch fibers. Fast and slow multi-innervated twitch fibers are distinguished by impulse conduction velocities, by ranges of membrane potentials, by amplitudes and frequencies of the miniature end plate potentials, by responses to the intravenous administration of succinylcholine, by the frequency of stimulation required for fused tetanus, and by the velocities of conduction of the nerve fibers innervating each of the muscle fiber types.

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