An ultrastructural study of the development of afferent and efferent synapses on outer hair cells of the guinea pig organ of Corti

1983 ◽  
Vol 231 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
D.G. Jones ◽  
H. Eslami
Keyword(s):  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Hair Cells ◽  
Ultrastructural Study ◽  
Organ Of Corti ◽  
Outer Hair Cells

Dissociation between the calcium-induced and voltage-driven motility in cochlear outer hair cells from the waltzing guinea pig

1993 ◽  
Vol 104 (4) ◽  
pp. 1137-1143
Author(s):  
B. Canlon ◽  
D. Dulon
Keyword(s):  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Hair Cells ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Outer Hair Cell ◽  
Calcium Ionophore ◽  
Organ Of Corti ◽  
Length Change ◽  
Outer Hair Cells ◽  
Permeabilized Cells ◽  
Length Changes

The waltzing guinea pig, possessing an hereditary progressive deafness, shows pathology to the actin-bearing structures within the hair cells of the organ of Corti. In particular, the affected structures include the stereocilia, the cuticular plate and, as shown in the present study, swollen and disorganized subsurface cisternae. To test whether this pathology affected outer hair cell motility, cells were isolated from waltzing guinea pigs and their age-matched controls and were subjected to either electrical or chemical stimulation. Visual detection thresholds and the magnitude of the electrically-induced length changes were equivalent for both groups. However, when intracellular calcium was increased with either the calcium ionophore, ionomycin or Ca2+/ATP (under permeabilized conditions with DMSO), length changes were significantly reduced for the outer hair cells from waltzing guinea pigs compared to the controls. The average percent length increase induced by 10 microM ionomycin for the outer hair cells from control animals was 2.3 +/- 1.7 whereas for postnatal day 4 waltzing guinea pigs it was 1.3 +/- 1.7. Postnatal day 7 and 10 waltzing guinea pigs responded with significantly smaller percent length changes. The intracellular concentration of ionic calcium increased similarly for both groups after the application of ionomycin as revealed with the indicator fluo-3. In the permeabilized cells in the presence of Ca2+/ATP, control cells responded with a percent length change of 3.5, whereas, age-matched waltzing outer hair cells responded with barely detectable length changes.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Localization of the P2Y4 Receptor in the Guinea Pig Organ of Corti

2003 ◽  
Vol 14 (06) ◽  
pp. 286-295
Author(s):  
Margarett S. Parker ◽  
Nkeiruka N. Onyenekwu ◽  
Richard P. Bobbin
Keyword(s):  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Hair Cells ◽  
Staining Pattern ◽  
Organ Of Corti ◽  
Staining Intensity ◽  
Protein Band ◽  
Outer Hair Cells ◽  
Metabotropic Receptor ◽  
Single Protein ◽  
P2y4 Receptor

Cochleae of guinea pigs were evaluated for the presence of the metabotropic receptor, P2Y4. Evidence is presented that P2Y4 protein is expressed in the guinea pig cochleae using Western blot analysis. A single protein band of 35 kDa was detected with P2Y4 receptor-specific antibody. The cellular distribution of P2Y4 purinoceptor protein was determined by immunohistochemistry of the whole organ of Corti. Immunoreactive staining for P2Y4 was seen in most cells of the organ of Corti. Staining of Hensen's cells and Deiters' cells, especially the outer Deiters' cells, was more intense than staining of the outer hair cells, inner hair cells, and pillar cells. Staining intensity was greatest at the basal turn and progressively decreased in the upper turns with the apex showing the weakest staining pattern. This is the first demonstration of a metabotropic P2Y receptor in the guinea pig organ of Corti.

Innervation of the Cochlea of the Guinea Pig by Use of the Golgi Stain

1975 ◽  
Vol 84 (4) ◽  
pp. 443-458 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine A. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Hair Cells ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Basilar Membrane ◽  
Organ Of Corti ◽  
Nerve Fibers ◽  
Outer Hair Cells ◽  
Single Row ◽  
Golgi Stain ◽  
Branching Patterns

Nerve fibers with distinctive branching patterns have been demonstrated in guinea pigs by use of the Golgi stain. The cochlear nerve fibers in the basal turn tend to supply a limited segment of the basilar membrane and have most endings on a single row of hair cells. The efferent olivocochlear nerve fibers ramify in a manner which varies from base to apex. Some efferents which terminate on outer hair cells also give branches which course in the inner spiral bundle. Other nerve fibers were studied in the spiral lamina which did not penetrate into the organ of Corti.

scholarly journals Optimization of spectral-domain optical coherence tomography with a supercontinuum source for in vivo motion detection of low reflective outer hair cells in guinea pig cochleae

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fumiaki Nin ◽  
Samuel Choi ◽  
Takeru Ota ◽  
Zhang Qi ◽  
Hiroshi Hibino
Keyword(s):  
Optical Coherence Tomography ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Hair Cells ◽  
Sensory Epithelium ◽  
Outer Hair Cells ◽  
Acquisition Time ◽  
Total Acquisition Time ◽  
Sd Oct

AbstractSound evokes sub-nanoscale vibration within the sensory epithelium. The epithelium contains not only immotile cells but also contractile outer hair cells (OHCs) that actively shrink and elongate synchronously with the sound. However, the in vivo motion of OHCs has remained undetermined. The aim of this work is to perform high-resolution and -accuracy vibrometry in live guinea pigs with an SC-introduced spectral-domain optical coherence tomography system (SD-OCT). In this study, to reveal the effective contribution of SC source in the recording of the low reflective materials with the short total acquisition time, we compare the performances of the SC-introduced SD-OCT (SCSD-OCT) to that of the conventional SD-OCT. As inanimate comparison objects, we record a mirror, a piezo actuator, and glass windows. For the measurements in biological materials, we use in/ex vivo guinea pig cochleae. Our study achieved the optimization of a SD-OCT system for high-resolution in vivo vibrometry in the cochlear sensory epithelium, termed the organ of Corti, in mammalian cochlea. By introducing a supercontinuum (SC) light source and reducing the total acquisition time, we improve the axial resolution and overcome the difficulty in recording the low reflective material in the presence of biological noise. The high power of the SC source enables the system to achieve a spatial resolution of 1.72 ± 0.00 μm on a mirror and reducing the total acquisition time contributes to the high spatial accuracy of sub-nanoscale vibrometry. Our findings reveal the vibrations at the apical/basal region of OHCs and the extracellular matrix, basilar membrane.

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