Impacts of section 404 permits requiring compensatory mitigation on wetlands in California (USA)

1992 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 157-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cindy C. Holland ◽  
Mary E. Kentula
Keyword(s):  
Section 404 ◽  
Compensatory Mitigation

Trends and patterns in section 404 permitting requiring compensatory mitigation in Oregon and Washington, USA

1992 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 109-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary E. Kentula ◽  
Jean C. Sifneos ◽  
James W. Good ◽  
Michael Rylko ◽  
Kathy Kunz
Keyword(s):  
Section 404 ◽  
Compensatory Mitigation

Accelerated Filing Deadlines, Internal Controls, and Financial Statement Quality: The Case of Originating Misstatements

2015 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 551-575 ◽  
Author(s):  
Colleen M. Boland ◽  
Scott N. Bronson ◽  
Chris E. Hogan
Keyword(s):  
Internal Control ◽  
Internal Controls ◽  
Data Availability ◽  
Financial Statement ◽  
Similar Increase ◽  
Section 404 ◽  
Regulatory Changes ◽  
Rule Change ◽  
Initial Decrease

SYNOPSIS We examine whether regulations requiring accelerated filing deadlines and internal control reporting and testing affect financial statement reliability. Unlike prior research, we examine whether these regulatory changes are associated with an increase in the likelihood that misstatements originate in the period following the respective change. If the implementation of these rules causes a misstatement, then the misstatement would most likely occur in the period immediately following the rule change. We provide evidence that accelerated filers (AFs) experience an increase in the likelihood of an originating misstatement following the acceleration of filing deadlines from 90 to 75 days. Large accelerated filers (LAFs), however, do not experience a similar increase following this acceleration or the subsequent acceleration from 75 to 60 days. After the implementation of the SOX Section 404 internal control requirements, we find that the likelihood of an originating misstatement declined for AFs but not for LAFs. Taken together, the findings suggest that, although AFs experienced an initial decrease in financial statement reliability, this decrease was temporary. Data Availability: Data are publicly available from the sources identified in the text.

Unexpected Consequences: The Effects on Non-Accelerated Filers of an Accelerated Filing Deadline and SOX Section 404

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 87-112
Author(s):  
Bei Dong ◽  
Stefanie L. Tate ◽  
Le Emily Xu
Keyword(s):  
Resource Allocation ◽  
Financial Statements ◽  
Financial Statement ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Section 404 ◽  
Auditor Change ◽  
Time Required ◽  
Allocation Decisions ◽  
Jel Classifications ◽  
Resource Allocation Decisions

SYNOPSIS Regulations implemented by the SEC in 2003 and 2004 simultaneously shortened the financial statement filing deadlines and increased the time required for both the preparation of financial statements and the related audit of accelerated filers (AFs). However, there were indirect, unintended negative consequences for companies not subject to the regulations, namely, non-accelerated filers (NAFs). The new regulations imposed strains on auditor resources requiring auditors to make resource allocation decisions that negatively affected NAFs. We find that NAFs with an auditor who had a high proportion of AF clients (high-AF) had longer audit delays after the regulations were implemented than NAFs of an auditor with a low proportion of AF clients (low-AF). Further, we document that NAFs with high-AF auditors were more likely to change auditors than NAFs with low-AF auditors. Finally, NAFs that switched to auditors with less AFs experienced shorter audit delays after the auditor change. JEL Classifications: M42; M48.

Investor Perceptions of Government Deregulation: Evidence from Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin W Hoffman ◽  
John L. Campbell ◽  
Jason L. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Financial Reporting ◽  
Government Regulation ◽  
Abnormal Returns ◽  
Reporting Quality ◽  
Internal Controls ◽  
Litigation Risk ◽  
Section 404 ◽  
Fraud Risk ◽  
Sarbanes Oxley ◽  
Public Company

We investigate the stock market's reaction to events leading up to the Securities and Exchange Commission's (SEC) and Public Company Accounting Oversight Board's (PCAOB) 2007 regulatory changes that reduced the scope of and documentation requirements for assessments of firms' internal controls over financial reporting (ICFR), as required by Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act. The stated goal of these regulations was to reduce firms' and auditors' compliance costs with mandatory ICFR assessments, while maintaining the effectiveness of these assessments. We examine abnormal returns surrounding key dates leading to the passage of these regulations and offer two main findings. First, investors reacted negatively on key event dates, suggesting that investors viewed the regulations as likely to reduce financial reporting quality rather than to drive firm and audit efficiencies. Second, this negative market reaction is larger when ICFR effectiveness should matter most - when firms are more complex, have higher litigation risk, and greater fraud risk. In additional analysis, we find that restatements increase in the post-regulation time period, consistent with investors' concerns that the effect of the legislation would be a reduction in ICFR effectiveness. Overall, our results may imply that investors prefer stronger government regulation when it comes to the assessments of a firm's internal controls over financial reporting.

Clean Water Act Section 404 and Coastal Marsh Sustainability

2014 ◽  
Vol 42 (5) ◽  
pp. 464-477 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beth Ravit ◽  
Judith S. Weis
Keyword(s):  
Clean Water Act ◽  
Coastal Marsh ◽  
Clean Water ◽  
Section 404

The Valuation Effect and Motivations of Voluntary Compliance with Auditor's Attestation Under Sarbanes-Oxley Act Section 404 (B)

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kareen Brown ◽  
Parunchana Pacharn ◽  
Jennifer Li ◽  
Emad Mohammad ◽  
Fayez A. Elayan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Section 404 ◽  
Voluntary Compliance ◽  
Sarbanes Oxley ◽  
Valuation Effect
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