Immunocytochemical localization of S-100 protein in stellate cells (folliculo-stellate cells) of the anterior lobe of the normal human pituitary

1985 ◽  
Vol 241 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Girod ◽  
J. Trouillas ◽  
M.P. Dubois
Keyword(s):  
Stellate Cells ◽  
Anterior Lobe ◽  
Immunocytochemical Localization ◽  
Human Pituitary ◽  
S 100 ◽  
Normal Human

scholarly journals Mapping of corticotropic cells in the normal human pituitary.

1996 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 473-479 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Trouillas ◽  
M P Guigard ◽  
P Fonlupt ◽  
C Souchier ◽  
C Girod
Keyword(s):  
Cell Density ◽  
Anterior Part ◽  
Posterior Part ◽  
Anterior Lobe ◽  
Polyclonal Antiserum ◽  
Objective Lens ◽  
Human Pituitary ◽  
Normal Human ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Indirect Immunoperoxidase

We accomplished the first mapping of corticotropic cells in the whole human adult pituitary. Corticotropic cells were identified by immunocytochemistry (ICC) and quantified by image analysis on 12 pituitaries obtained from people who had died suddenly. An overall view of each pituitary was given by 15-21 sections (mean 18 sections) at 300-micron intervals on six slides. Each section was systematically treated by indirect immunoperoxidase using an anti-ACTH[17-39] polyclonal antiserum. All the measures were done with a x 6.3 objective lens, each field (0. 5 mm2) being considered as the unit area. The mean pituitary density (surface of labeled cells/total surface) of corticotropic cells (9.5 +/- 3.0% per 0. 5 mm2) is significantly higher in men (11.5 +/- 5.1%) than in women (7.0 +/- 1.3%). This difference is due to an inverse relationship between the corticotropic cell density and the weight of the pituitary, which is higher in women than in men. The mean diameter of corticotropic cells is 14.9 micron and their total number per pituitary is approximately 10(7) cells. We confirmed that the spatial distribution of corticotropic cells is nonuniform: they are mainly distributed in the anteromedian part of the anterior lobe. In addition, our results demonstrated that the inferior part of the pituitary contained three times more corticotropic cells than the superior part (mean density 18.0% vs 6.0%) and the anterior part twice as many as the posterior part (mean density 12.3% vs 6.8%). On the horizontal plane, the pituitary was divided into eight zones, in which the mean of area was 2.5-21.0%. The maximal cell density may reach 40-60%. The use of this map should help the pathologist to recognize if there is corticotropic hyperplasia in a small pituitary fragment surgically removed from a patient with Cushing's disease. On the basis of this study, we put forward some criteria for diagnosing corticotropic hyperplasia.

Development of folliculo-stellate cells in the human pituitary

1988 ◽  
Vol 119 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. J. Coates ◽  
I. Doniach
Keyword(s):  
Stellate Cell ◽  
Protein S ◽  
Stellate Cells ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Glial Fibrillary Acid Protein ◽  
Pars Intermedia ◽  
Pars Distalis ◽  
Human Pituitary ◽  
Acid Protein ◽  
S 100

Abstract. The development of the folliculo-stellate cell in human fetal pituitaries has been investigated by immunocytochemical methods for S-100 protein and glial fibrillary acid protein. S-100 positivity was first observed in pars intermedia cells in a 13-week fetus. Staining with this antiserum is seen in cells of the pars distalis after 15 weeks. Glial fibrillary acid protein was not apparent until 18 weeks, when only cells in the pars intermedia were stained. These cells were not seen in the pars distalis before 28 weeks' gestation, but were present in a 39-week specimen and in a 5 day old baby. In most pituitaries examined, cells staining for S-100 and glial fibrillary acid protein were more concentrated in the pars intermedia than the pars distalis. These results suggest that folliculo-stellate cells in the human pituitary originate in the neurally associated facet of the pars intermedia and pass through this lobe to reach the pars distalis. Since these cells stain for glial related antigens, they may be a modified form of glial cell and arise in the neuroectoderm. Evidence for this hypothesis is given by a lack of both S-100 and glial fibrillary acid protein in the pituitaries of three anencephalic pituitaries. Differences in the timing of S-100 and glial fibrillary acid protein immunoreactivity may be related to either developmental aspects of the folliculo-stellate cell, or to the presence of two distinct cell types.

Immunochemical and immunocytochemical localization of S-100 antigen in normal human skin

Nature ◽  
1981 ◽  
Vol 294 (5836) ◽  
pp. 85-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Domenico Cocchia ◽  
Fabrizio Michetti ◽  
Rosario Donato
Keyword(s):  
Human Skin ◽  
Immunocytochemical Localization ◽  
Normal Human Skin ◽  
S 100 ◽  
Normal Human

Differential expression of menin in sporadic pituitary adenomas.

2004 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 333-344 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Theodoropoulou ◽  
I Cavallari ◽  
L Barzon ◽  
D M D'Agostino ◽  
T Ferro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pituitary Adenomas ◽  
Anterior Lobe ◽  
Nuclear Staining ◽  
Human Pituitary ◽  
Human Pituitary Gland ◽  
Putative Tumor Suppressor ◽  
The Status ◽  
Normal Human ◽  
Strong Nuclear Staining

Pituitary adenomas represent one of the key features of multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1. The gene involved in this syndrome (MEN1) is a putative tumor suppressor, that codes for a 610-amino acid nuclear protein termed 'menin'. Analyses of sporadic pituitary adenomas have so far failed to reveal MEN1 mutations or defects in MEN1 transcription in these tumors. In the present study we detected menin protein expression in a panel of normal and tumoral pituitary tissues, using a monoclonal antibody against the carboxy-terminus of menin. In the normal human pituitary gland, strong nuclear staining for menin was detectable in the majority of the endocrine cells of the anterior lobe, without a clear association with a particular hormone-producing type. In sporadic pituitary adenomas, menin expression was variable, with a high percentage of cases demonstrating a significant decrease in menin immunoreactivity when compared with the normal pituitary. Interestingly, metastatic tissues derived from one pituitary carcinoma had no detectable menin levels. Altogether, our data provide the first information regarding the status of menin expression in human normal and neoplastic pituitary as determined by immunohistochemistry (IHC).

scholarly journals Expression of IL-6 mRNA in normal rat and human pituitaries and in human pituitary adenomas.

1994 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
B Velkeniers ◽  
P Vergani ◽  
J Trouillas ◽  
J D'Haens ◽  
R J Hooghe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Fibrous Tissue ◽  
Anterior Lobe ◽  
Pituitary Cells ◽  
Human Pituitary ◽  
Receptor Mrna ◽  
Rat Pituitary ◽  
Normal Rat ◽  
Normal Human

Cells expressing IL-6 mRNA were detected by in situ hybridization in normal pituitaries. In normal untreated rat pituitary the expression was very low. Within hours after IP administration of liposaccharide, IL-6 mRNA accumulated in the anterior lobe of the pituitary. Production of IL-6 was monitored after dissociation and culture of pituitary cells. High levels (8000 pg/ml) were recovered after 72 hr in culture. In normal human pituitaries, less than 1% of cells expressed IL-6 mRNA or IL-6 receptor mRNA (IL-6-R mRNA). In gonadotropinomas, prolactinomas, and non-functioning adenomas, only rare, scattered positive cells were found for either IL-6 or IL-6-R. In contrast, both genes were highly expressed in ACTH- and GH-secreting tumors at the junction of adenoma and infiltrating fibrous tissue and around blood vessels. The combined expression of IL-6 and IL-6-R suggests that IL-6 acts in an autocrine or in a paracrine way in ACTH and GH adenomas.

scholarly journals AGE-RELATED CHANGES OF THE PITUITARY FOLLICULO-STELLATE CELLS IN RATS IN CHRONIC STRESS

2013 ◽  
Vol 68 (11) ◽  
pp. 98-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Yu. Kapitonova ◽  
M. Ullah ◽  
S. L. Kuznetsov ◽  
V. V. Khlebnikov ◽  
M.N.K. Nor-Ashikin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Stress ◽  
Histological Section ◽  
Stellate Cells ◽  
Volume Density ◽  
Anterior Lobe ◽  
The Body ◽  
Stress Exposure ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Age Related ◽  
S 100

Folliculo-stellate cells are known as S-100 protein immunopositive cells of the anterior lobe of pituitary gland which are not secreting hormones and are presumed to be organ specific stem cells of the adenohypophys. Their role in adaptation of the body to stress remains unclear. Aim: to evaluate dynamics of folliculo-stellate and hormone-producing cells in rats of different age in chronic stress exposure. Materials and methods: Sprague-Dawley rats aged 1, 3, 6 and 12 months were exposed to chronic immersion immobilization stress. Histological section of the pituitary glands were stained immunohistochemically with subsequent image analysis. Results: in control rats S-100 protein-immunopositive cells increased in number with age and negatively correlated with the number of ACTH-positive cells. In experimental animals aged 1 and 3 months volume density of S-100 protein-immunoreactive cells significantly decreased and negatively correlated with ACTH-positive cells, while in 6 month old rats it was only slightly decreased and in 12 months old animals showed tendency to increase. Conclusions: results of the study demonstrating capacity of the folliculo-stellate cells to contribute to the plasticity of the hypothalamo-hypophyseo-adrenal axis in chronic stress exposure at different age. 

Two Distinct Types of Microfilaments in the Cytoplasm of Human Adenohypophysial Cells

1973 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 668-669
Author(s):  
E. Horvath ◽  
K. Kovacs ◽  
I. E. Stratmann ◽  
C. Ezrin
Keyword(s):  
Pituitary Tumors ◽  
Average Diameter ◽  
Anterior Lobe ◽  
Uranyl Acetate ◽  
Type I ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Human Pituitary ◽  
Severe Diabetes ◽  
Pituitary Glands ◽  
Membrane Bound

Surgically removed human pituitary glands as well as pituitary tumors fixed in glutaraldehyde, postfixed in osmium tetroxide, embedded in epon resin, stained with uranyl acetate and lead citrate have been investigated by electron microscopy in order to correlate ultrastructure with functional activity. In the course of this study two distinct types of microfilaments have been identified in the cytoplasm of adenohypophysiocytes.Type I microfilaments (Fig. 1) were found in the cytoplasm of anterior lobe cells of five female subjects with disseminated mammary cancer and two patients with severe diabetes mellitus. The breast cancer patients were treated pre-operatively for various periods of time with different doses of oxysteroids. The microfilaments had an average diameter of JO A, formed parallel bundles, were scattered irregularly in the cytoplasm and were frequently located in the perikaryon. They were not membrane-bound and failed to show any periodicity.

INHIBITION BY HUMAN SERUM OF THE ADIPOKINETIC EFFECT OF A HUMAN PITUITARY LIPID-MOBILIZING FACTOR

1972 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 443-453 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olav Trygstad ◽  
Irene Foss
Keyword(s):  
Human Serum ◽  
Gel Filtration ◽  
Deae Cellulose ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Disc Electrophoresis ◽  
Inhibitory Protein ◽  
Human Pituitary ◽  
Albumin Fraction ◽  
Pituitary Glands ◽  
Normal Human

ABSTRACT A lipid-mobilizing factor (LMF) with an adipotrophic effect in human and animal fat tissue has been prepared from human pituitary glands. The addition of normal human serum to LMF reduced its lipolytic effect, and it was completely abolished by serum from a group of obese patients, whereas the lipolysis was not influenced by serum from patients with generalized lipodystrophy. By DEAE-cellulose chromatography of human serum the inhibitory effect on LMF was found to be present in a protein fraction less acidic than the main serum albumin fraction. The inhibitory fraction was deprived of some contaminants by Sephadex gel filtration. Disc electrophoresis demonstrated the presence of three components in the inhibitory protein (IP), and they were identified as albumin, transferin, and haemopexin by immuno-electrophoresis. Precipitation of these proteins by their rabbit antisera demonstrated that the inhibitory effect was present in the albumin fraction. Insulin like activity was not observed in IP. A protein binding of LMF by IP could not be demonstrated. Incubation at 37°C for one hour of a mixture of LMF and IP eliminated the electrophoretic picture of LMF. It is concluded that the inhibitory effect of human serum may be due to proteolysis of LMF.

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