Spinous extensions on ciliary necklaces in ependymal cells

1981 ◽  
Vol 219 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Halina Kroh ◽  
Jorge Cerv�s-Navarro
Keyword(s):  
Ependymal Cells ◽  
Ciliary Necklaces

Primary culture of rat ependymal cells in serum-free defined medium

1986 ◽  
Vol 390 (2) ◽  
pp. 199-209 ◽  
Author(s):  
M WEIBEL ◽  
B PETTMANN ◽  
J ARTAULT ◽  
M SENSENBRENNER ◽  
G LABOURDETTE
Keyword(s):  
Primary Culture ◽  
Defined Medium ◽  
Ependymal Cells ◽  
Serum Free

scholarly journals AQP1 and AQP4 Contribution to Cerebrospinal Fluid Homeostasis

Cells ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 197 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Trillo-Contreras ◽  
Juan Toledo-Aral ◽  
Miriam Echevarría ◽  
Javier Villadiego
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Water Channel ◽  
Ventricular Volume ◽  
Ependymal Cells ◽  
Brain Capillaries ◽  
Knock Out ◽  
Structural Functions ◽  
Ventricular Compliance ◽  
Specific Contribution ◽  
Csf Production

Aquaporin 1 (AQP1), expressed in epithelial cells of the choroid plexus, and aquaporin 4 (AQP4) present in ependymal cells and glia limitants have been proposed to play a significant role in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) production and homeostasis. However, the specific contribution of each water channel to these functions remains unknown, being a subject of debate during the last years. Here, we analyzed in detail how AQP1 and AQP4 participate in different aspects of the CSF homeostasis such as the load and drainage of ventricles, and further explored if these proteins play a role in the ventricular compliance. To do that, we carried out records of intraventricular pressure and CSF outflow, and evaluated ventricular volume by magnetic resonance imaging in AQP1−/−, AQP4−/−, double AQP1−/−-AQP4−/− knock out and wild type mice controls. The analysis performed clearly showed that both AQPs have a significant participation in the CSF production, and additionally revealed that the double AQP1-AQP4 mutation alters the CSF drainage and the ventricular compliance. The data reported here indicate a significant extra-choroidal CSF formation mediated by AQP4, supporting the idea of an important and constant CSF production/absorption process, sustained by efflux/influx of water between brain capillaries and interstitial fluid. Moreover, our results suggest the participation of AQPs in structural functions also related with CSF homeostasis such as the distensibility capacity of the ventricular system.

Endogenous lectin CSL is present on the membrane of cilia of rat brain ependymal cells

1988 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 745-751 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fr�d�ric Perraud ◽  
Sabine Kuchler ◽  
Serge Gobaille ◽  
G�rard Labourdette ◽  
Guy Vincendon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rat Brain ◽  
Ependymal Cells ◽  
Endogenous Lectin

Absence of filipin-sterol complexes from the ciliary necklace of ependymal cells

1985 ◽  
Vol 172 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedro Cuevas ◽  
Jos� Angel Gutierrez Diaz
Keyword(s):  
Ependymal Cells

scholarly journals The Subventricular Zone in the Immature Piglet Brain: Anatomy and Exodus of Neuroblasts into White Matter after Traumatic Brain Injury

2015 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 115-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beth A. Costine ◽  
Symeon Missios ◽  
Sabrina R. Taylor ◽  
Declan McGuone ◽  
Colin M. Smith ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Subventricular Zone ◽  
Mesh Network ◽  
Human Infant ◽  
Ependymal Cells ◽  
Postnatal Neurogenesis ◽  
White Matter Tracts ◽  
Stimulation Of

Stimulation of postnatal neurogenesis in the subventricular zone (SVZ) and robust migration of neuroblasts to the lesion site in response to traumatic brain injury (TBI) is well established in rodent species; however, it is not yet known whether postnatal neurogenesis plays a role in repair after TBI in gyrencephalic species. Here we describe the anatomy of the SVZ in the piglet for the first time and initiate an investigation into the effect of TBI on the SVZ architecture and the number of neuroblasts in the white matter. Among all ages of immaturity examined the SVZ contained a dense mesh network of neurogenic precursor cells (doublecortin+) positioned directly adjacent to the ependymal cells (ventricular SVZ, Vsvz) and neuroblasts organized into chains that were distinct from the Vsvz (abventricular SVZ, Asvz). Though the architecture of the SVZ was similar among ages, the areas of Vsvz and Asvz neuroblast chains declined with age. At postnatal day (PND) 14 the white matter tracts have a tremendous number of individual neuroblasts. In our scaled cortical impact model, lesion size increased with age. Similarly, the response of the SVZ to injury was also age dependent. The younger age groups that sustained the proportionately smallest lesions had the largest SVZ areas, which further increased in response to injury. In piglets that were injured at 4 months of age and had the largest lesions, the SVZ did not increase in response to injury. Similar to humans, swine have abundant gyri and gyral white matter, providing a unique platform to study neuroblasts potentially migrating from the SVZ to the lesioned cortex along these white matter tracts. In piglets injured at PND 7, TBI did not increase the total number of neuroblasts in the white matter compared to uninjured piglets, but redistribution occurred with a greater number of neuroblasts in the white matter of the hemisphere ipsilateral to the injury compared to the contralateral hemisphere. At 7 days after injury, less than 1% of neuroblasts in the white matter were born in the 2 days following injury. These data show that the SVZ in the piglet shares many anatomical similarities with the SVZ in the human infant, and that TBI had only modest effects on the SVZ and the number of neuroblasts in the white matter. Piglets at an equivalent developmental stage to human infants were equipped with the largest SVZ and a tremendous number of neuroblasts in the white matter, which may be sufficient in lesion repair without the dramatic stimulation of neurogenic machinery. It has yet to be determined whether neurogenesis and migrating neuroblasts play a role in repair after TBI and/or whether an alteration of normal migration during active postnatal population of brain regions is beneficial in species with gyrencephalic brains.

scholarly journals MARCKS ‐dependent mucin clearance and lipid metabolism in ependymal cells are required for maintenance of forebrain homeostasis during aging

Aging Cell ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 764-773 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nagendran Muthusamy ◽  
Laura J. Sommerville ◽  
Adam J. Moeser ◽  
Deborah J. Stumpo ◽  
Philip Sannes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Ependymal Cells

scholarly journals Olig2-positive progenitors in the embryonic spinal cord give rise not only to motoneurons and oligodendrocytes, but also to a subset of astrocytes and ependymal cells

2006 ◽  
Vol 293 (2) ◽  
pp. 358-369 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noritaka Masahira ◽  
Hirohide Takebayashi ◽  
Katsuhiko Ono ◽  
Keisuke Watanabe ◽  
Lei Ding ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Ependymal Cells ◽  
Embryonic Spinal Cord

scholarly journals Enhanced resolution of histochemical distribution of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity in rat neural tissue by use of a semipermeable membrane.

1991 ◽  
Vol 39 (7) ◽  
pp. 937-943 ◽  
Author(s):  
M A Philbert ◽  
C M Beiswanger ◽  
T L Roscoe ◽  
D K Waters ◽  
H E Lowndes
Keyword(s):  
Vestibular Nucleus ◽  
Neural Tissue ◽  
Semipermeable Membrane ◽  
G6pd Activity ◽  
Ependymal Cells ◽  
Regional Localization ◽  
Enhanced Resolution ◽  
Membrane Technique ◽  
Glucose 6 Phosphate Dehydrogenase ◽  
The Brain

We examined the histochemical distribution of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) activity in neural tissue using different diffusion barriers. Although polyvinyl alcohol and agar overlays permitted regional localization of G6PD, a semipermeable membrane revealed cellular differences in G6PD activity within populations of neurons. Distribution of G6PD activity in selected regions of the nervous system was examined using the membrane technique. White matter usually exhibited strong G6PD activity. The neuronal somata of the dorsal root ganglia (L4-L6) and anterior horns of the spinal lumbar enlargement demonstrated a variation in activity which was independent of somal size. Satellite cells showed intense activity when the membrane technique was used. Hippocampal pyramidal and granular cells of the dentate gyrus exhibited moderate, uniform G6PD activity, but only weak activity was seen in hippocampal and dentate molecular layers. High levels of activity were observed in the vascular endothelial cells of the brain, spinal cord, and choroid plexus, and in the ependymal cells of the spinal central canal and ventricles of the brain. The superior vestibular nucleus appeared to have little G6PD activity in either the neuron cell bodies or the surrounding parenchyma. The use of a semipermeable membrane for localization of G6PD activity in neural tissues permits enhanced resolution of neuron elements and may provide a more accurate assessment of G6PD activity in histological preparations.

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