Spatial distribution of solutes, K, Na, Ca and their deposition rates in the growth zone of primary cotton roots: Effects of NaCl and CaCl2

Planta ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 194 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hailin Zhong ◽  
Andr� L�uchli
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Growth Zone ◽  
Deposition Rates

scholarly journals Spatial Distributions of Potassium, Solutes, and Their Deposition Rates in the Growth Zone of the Primary Corn Root

1986 ◽  
Vol 82 (3) ◽  
pp. 853-858 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wendy Kuhn Silk ◽  
Theodore C. Hsiao ◽  
Ulrike Diedenhofen ◽  
Christina Matson
Keyword(s):  
Growth Zone ◽  
Spatial Distributions ◽  
Deposition Rates ◽  
Corn Root

scholarly journals GROWTH DISTRIBUTION IN THE LIGHT-GROWTH RESPONSE OF PHYCOMYCES

1959 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 697-702 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward S. Castle
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Steady State ◽  
Growth Response ◽  
Spatial Separation ◽  
Growth Zone ◽  
Starch Grains ◽  
Growth Distribution

Elongation of sporangiophores marked with numerous starch grains was photographically recorded in the steady state and during the light-growth response when the rate is more than doubled. From these records the spatial distribution of growth within the cell's growth zone was derived. Stimulation by a single saturating flash of light speeds growth proportionally in all parts of the growing zone, maintaining the same pattern of growth distribution as in the steady state. This finding implies that light is absorbed and acts locally throughout the length of the cell's growth zone. Cohen and Delbrück's proposal of a partial spatial separation of light reception and growth is discussed.

A two-pinhole technique to determine distribution profiles of relative elemental growth rates in the growth zone of grass leaves

2000 ◽  
Vol 27 (12) ◽  
pp. 1187
Author(s):  
Urs Schmidhalter ◽  
Yuncai Hu
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Growth Zone ◽  
Elongation Rate ◽  
New Technique ◽  
Leaf Elongation ◽  
Distribution Profile

A new modified pricking technique, a two-pinhole method, was designed to determine the spatial distribution of leaf elongation of grasses. This new technique makes it possible to obtain the distribution profiles of relative elemental growth rates in the growth zone, to evaluate the effect of pricking on the distribution profile of leaf elongation in the growth zone and to decrease the reduction in the elongation rate of grass leaves due to pricking.

The Spatial Distribution of Deposition Rates in the DC Diode Sputtering of ZnO Thin Film

1972 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 1852-1852 ◽  
Author(s):  
Makoto Minakata ◽  
Noriyoshi Chubachi ◽  
Yoshimitsu Kikuchi
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Zno Thin Film ◽  
Deposition Rates

scholarly journals Long-term dynamics of the concentrations of organochlorine compounds and mercury in the sediments of the Сhernorechenskoe reservoir

2019 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 417-423
Author(s):  
L. V. Malakhova ◽  
V. N. Egorov ◽  
S. B. Gulin ◽  
T. V. Malakhova ◽  
I. N. Moseychenko
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Sedimentation Rate ◽  
Total Mercury ◽  
Organochlorine Compounds ◽  
Historical Reconstruction ◽  
Reservoir Sediment ◽  
Deposition Rates ◽  
Reservoir Sediments ◽  
Reservoir Volume

The accumulation of organochlorine compounds (OCs) and mercury in the sediments of the Chernorechenskoe Reservoir since the mid-1960s to 2008 has been studied. Sedimentation rate and accumulation chronology of recovered sediments were reconstructed by the method of radioisotope dating . The sedimentation rate in the reservoir has been found to vary because of changes in reservoir volume and area in the late 1980s. Historical reconstruction of the input of OCs and mercury into the reservoir sediments in the recent 50 years has been performed. The period of 1950–1960 has been found to show considerable pollution of reservoir sediment by DDT and mercury. The spatial distribution of OCs and mercury has been determined in the top 5-cm layer of sediments in the Chernorechenskoe Reservoir. The deposition rates of OCs and total mercury into sediments in 2008 have been evaluated.

Lithography below 100 nm

1983 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 96-99
Author(s):  
L. D. Jackel
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Electron Beam ◽  
Electron Scattering ◽  
Electron Beam Lithography ◽  
Substrate Material ◽  
Local Electron ◽  
Electron Dose ◽  
Positive Resist ◽  
Exposure Process

Most production electron beam lithography systems can pattern minimum features a few tenths of a micron across. Linewidth in these systems is usually limited by the quality of the exposing beam and by electron scattering in the resist and substrate. By using a smaller spot along with exposure techniques that minimize scattering and its effects, laboratory e-beam lithography systems can now make features hundredths of a micron wide on standard substrate material. This talk will outline sane of these high- resolution e-beam lithography techniques.We first consider parameters of the exposure process that limit resolution in organic resists. For concreteness suppose that we have a “positive” resist in which exposing electrons break bonds in the resist molecules thus increasing the exposed resist's solubility in a developer. Ihe attainable resolution is obviously limited by the overall width of the exposing beam, but the spatial distribution of the beam intensity, the beam “profile” , also contributes to the resolution. Depending on the local electron dose, more or less resist bonds are broken resulting in slower or faster dissolution in the developer.

SEM evaluation of the TEM cold-stage double-film specimen

1984 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. 272-273
Author(s):  
Jayesh Bellare
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Sample Preparation ◽  
Sample Thickness ◽  
Specimen Preparation ◽  
Preparation Technique ◽  
Liquid Sample ◽  
Thin Specimen ◽  
Sample Preparation Technique ◽  
Cold Stage ◽  
Film Specimen

Seeing is believing, but only after the sample preparation technique has received a systematic study and a full record is made of the treatment the sample gets.For microstructured liquids and suspensions, fast-freeze thermal fixation and cold-stage microscopy is perhaps the least artifact-laden technique. In the double-film specimen preparation technique, a layer of liquid sample is trapped between 100- and 400-mesh polymer (polyimide, PI) coated grids. Blotting against filter paper drains excess liquid and provides a thin specimen, which is fast-frozen by plunging into liquid nitrogen. This frozen sandwich (Fig. 1) is mounted in a cooling holder and viewed in TEM.Though extremely promising for visualization of liquid microstructures, this double-film technique suffers from a) ireproducibility and nonuniformity of sample thickness, b) low yield of imageable grid squares and c) nonuniform spatial distribution of particulates, which results in fewer being imaged.

Macroprobe Mode for the Study of Segregation in Steels

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 260-261
Author(s):  
Auclair Gilles ◽  
Benoit Danièle
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Sheet Steel ◽  
Acquisition Time ◽  
Chemical Information ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Accurate Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Optical Micrographs

During these last 10 years, high performance correction procedures have been developed for classical EPMA, and it is nowadays possible to obtain accurate quantitative analysis even for soft X-ray radiations. It is also possible to perform EPMA by adapting this accurate quantitative procedures to unusual applications such as the measurement of the segregation on wide areas in as-cast and sheet steel products.The main objection for analysis of segregation in steel by means of a line-scan mode is that it requires a very heavy sampling plan to make sure that the most significant points are analyzed. Moreover only local chemical information is obtained whereas mechanical properties are also dependant on the volume fraction and the spatial distribution of highly segregated zones. For these reasons we have chosen to systematically acquire X-ray calibrated mappings which give pictures similar to optical micrographs. Although mapping requires lengthy acquisition time there is a corresponding increase in the information given by image anlysis.

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