Cold-hardening results in increased activity of enzymes involved in carbon metabolism in leaves of winter rye (Secale cereale L.)

Planta ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 195 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
VaughanM. Hurry ◽  
Olav Keerberg ◽  
Tiit P�rnik ◽  
Per Gardestr�m ◽  
Gunnar �quist
Keyword(s):  
Secale Cereale ◽  
Carbon Metabolism ◽  
Cold Hardening ◽  
Winter Rye ◽  
Secale Cereale L ◽  
Activity Of Enzymes ◽  
Increased Activity

Cell Wall Deposits in Winter Rye Secale cereale L. 'Puma' during Cold Acclimation

1982 ◽  
Vol 143 (4) ◽  
pp. 486-490 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marilyn Griffith ◽  
Gregory N. Brown
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Cold Acclimation ◽  
Secale Cereale ◽  
Winter Rye ◽  
Secale Cereale L

Relationship between extract viscosity and kernel size in winter rye

1998 ◽  
Vol 78 (3) ◽  
pp. 423-427
Author(s):  
Y. T. Gan ◽  
J. G. McLeod ◽  
G. J. Scoles ◽  
G. L. Campbell
Keyword(s):  
Secale Cereale ◽  
Kernel Weight ◽  
Selection Strategy ◽  
Winter Rye ◽  
Kernel Size ◽  
Kernel Width ◽  
Secale Cereale L ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Efficient Selection ◽  
Selection Of

Rye (Secale cereale L.) grain with low extract viscosity (EV) and superior kernel characteristics is desired when used in diets of monogastric animals. Knowledge of the relationship between EV and kernel characteristics is needed to develop an efficient selection strategy for breeding cultivars that meet the two criteria. Grains of 11 open-pollinated population varieties/lines grown in 21 environments were studied to determine the relationship between EV and kernel weight (KWT) among genotypes and environmental effects. Grains of eight out of the eleven varieties/lines were screened into five kernel-size categories, <2.0, 2.0–2.4, 2.4–2.8, 2.8–3.2, >3.2 mm in kernel width, to determine the relationship between EV and kernel width within a genotype. EV was a linear function of KWT; high KWT is indicative of low EV. The degree of the relationship was affected by environment. For example, grains grown at Swift Current had a stronger relationship between EV and KWT than those from Lacombe (b = −1.67 vs. −0.31). For the grain from Swift Current, 60% of variability in EV was attributable to KWT, while for the grain from Lacombe only ≈ 20% of variability in EV was explainable by KWT. Among the various kernel-width categories within a genotype, 60 to 98% of variability in EV was attributable to kernel width, with some genotypes responding to a greater degree than others. In development of winter rye cultivars low in extract viscosity, breeders could combine kernel weight/width into the selection strategy to enhance the selection progress or use kernel weight/width as a reference in selection of extract viscosity trait. Key words: Pentosans, arabinoxylans, kernel weight, Secale cereale

LEAF CO2 EXCHANGE RATES IN WINTER RYE GROWN AT COLD-HARDENING AND NONHARDENING TEMPERATURES

1986 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 443-452 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. P. A. HUNER ◽  
W. MIGUS ◽  
M. TOLLENAAR
Keyword(s):  
Photosynthetic Electron Transport ◽  
Co2 Exchange ◽  
Cold Hardening ◽  
Photosynthetic Acclimation ◽  
Winter Rye ◽  
Photosynthetic Rates ◽  
Secale Cereale L ◽  
Stimulation Of

CO2 gas exchange measurements were performed on cold-hardened and unhardened Puma rye (Secale cereale L.) leaves at 10 and 20 °C in the presence of 2 and 21% O2 and as a function of irradiance and CO2 concentration. A decrease in O2 concentration from 21 to 2% appeared to result in a differential stimulation of photosynthetic rates in cold-hardened and unhardened rye leaves. Under light saturating conditions the former exhibited photosynthetic rates that tended to be 1.4- to 1.5-fold higher in the presence of 2% O2 than 21% O2 when measured at either 10 or 20 °C. In contrast, unhardened rye leaves exhibited photosynthetic rates that tended to be about 1.3-fold higher in the presence of 2% O2 than 21% O2 when measured at 10 °C but about 1.8-fold higher when measured at 20 °C. Similarly, at high CO2 concentrations, leaves of unhardened plants exhibited a greater temperature-dependent stimulation of photosynthetic rates by low O2 than leaves of hardened plants. An increased capacity for CO2 utilization in cold-hardened rye could be observed when photosynthetic rates were monitored at 2% O2. Differences in transpiration rates were insufficient to account for these results. The increased capacity for CO2 utilization observed in vivo is discussed with respect to a recent report which described an increased capacity for photosynthetic electron transport in vitro in cold-hardened rye thylakoid membranes. However, photosynthetic acclimation to the contrasting growth temperatures could only be observed when CO2 exchange was measured at 2% O2. We conclude that photosynthetic acclimation in vivo may be severely limited due to the restrictions imposed by photorespiration.Key words: Cold-hardening, winter rye, CO2 exchange, photosynthesis

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