Receptor sites for alanine, proline, and betaine in the palatal taste system of the puffer, Fugu pardalis

1991 ◽  
Vol 169 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sadao Kiyohara ◽  
Iwao Hidaka
Keyword(s):  
Taste System ◽  
Receptor Sites

Sites of Adsorption of the Bacteriophages T3 and T5 on the Wall of Escherichia Coli B.

1967 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 96-97
Author(s):  
Manfred E. Bayer
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Cell Wall ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Uranyl Acetate ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Receptor Sites ◽  
Rigid Cell Wall ◽  
Host Cell Surface ◽  
Bacterial Viruses ◽  
Escherichia Coli B

Bacterial viruses adsorb specifically to receptors on the host cell surface. Although the chemical composition of some of the cell wall receptors for bacteriophages of the T-series has been described and the number of receptor sites has been estimated to be 150 to 300 per E. coli cell, the localization of the sites on the bacterial wall has been unknown.When logarithmically growing cells of E. coli are transferred into a medium containing 20% sucrose, the cells plasmolize: the protoplast shrinks and becomes separated from the somewhat rigid cell wall. When these cells are fixed in 8% Formaldehyde, post-fixed in OsO4/uranyl acetate, embedded in Vestopal W, then cut in an ultramicrotome and observed with the electron microscope, the separation of protoplast and wall becomes clearly visible, (Fig. 1, 2). At a number of locations however, the protoplasmic membrane adheres to the wall even under the considerable pull of the shrinking protoplast. Thus numerous connecting bridges are maintained between protoplast and cell wall. Estimations of the total number of such wall/membrane associations yield a number of about 300 per cell.

Activation of Hageman Factor by α-Adrenergic Stimulation

1970 ◽  
Vol 23 (03) ◽  
pp. 417-422 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. G McKay ◽  
J.-G Latour ◽  
Mary H. Parrish
Keyword(s):  
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation ◽  
Adrenergic Receptor ◽  
Adrenergic Stimulation ◽  
Hageman Factor ◽  
Intravascular Coagulation ◽  
Receptor Sites ◽  
High Doses ◽  
Stimulation Of

SummaryThe infusion of epinephrine in high doses produces disseminated intravascular coagulation by activation of Hageman factor. The effect is blocked by phenoxybenz-amine and is therefore due to stimulation of α-adrenergic receptor sites.

EFFECTS OF CLOMIPHENE ON THE PHYSIOLOGY OF REPRODUCTION IN THE RAT

1964 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 669-675 ◽  
Author(s):  
Somnath Roy ◽  
Virendra B. Mahesh ◽  
Robert B. Greenblatt
Keyword(s):  
Pituitary Gland ◽  
Induction Of Ovulation ◽  
Receptor Sites ◽  
Immature Rats

ABSTRACT The uptake of intravenously administered tritiated oestradiol by the uterus and pituitary gland of untreated, as well as clomiphene pretreated immature rats was studied to elucidate the nature of the antioestrogenic action of clomiphene. The results indicate that this agent competes with the natural oestrogen for the receptor sites in the uterus and pituitary gland and prevents the entry of oestrogen to and probably displaces it from the receptor sites. The significance of these observations with respect to the ability of clomiphene for the induction of ovulation in anovulatory women is discussed.

The tongue does not the taste system make

2006 ◽  
pp. 28-29
Author(s):  
Suzanne Sollars
Keyword(s):  
Taste System

Pharmacological Targeting of Neuronal Kv7.2/3 Channels: A Focus on Chemotypes and Receptor Sites

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (23) ◽  
pp. 2637-2660 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesco Miceli ◽  
Maria V. Soldovieri ◽  
Paolo Ambrosino ◽  
Laura Manocchio ◽  
Ilaria Mosca ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Diseases ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Functional Heterogeneity ◽  
Molecular Scaffolds ◽  
Kv7 Channels ◽  
Receptor Sites ◽  
Pharmacological Targets ◽  
Pharmacological Potential

Background: The Kv7 (KCNQ) subfamily of voltage-gated potassium channels consists of 5 members (Kv7.1-5) each showing characteristic tissue distribution and physiological roles. Given their functional heterogeneity, Kv7 channels represent important pharmacological targets for the development of new drugs for neuronal, cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. <p> Objective: In the present manuscript, we focus on describing the pharmacological relevance and potential therapeutic applications of drugs acting on neuronally-expressed Kv7.2/3 channels, placing particular emphasis on the different chemotypes, and highlighting their pharmacodynamic and, whenever possible, pharmacokinetic peculiarities. <p> Methods: The present work is based on an in-depth search of the currently available scientific literature, and on our own experience and knowledge in the field of neuronal Kv7 channel pharmacology. Space limitations impeded to describe the full pharmacological potential of Kv7 channels; thus, we have chosen to focus on neuronal channels composed of Kv7.2 and Kv7.3 subunits, and to mainly concentrate on their involvement in epilepsy. <p> Results: An astonishing heterogeneity in the molecular scaffolds exploitable to develop Kv7.2/3 modulators is evident, with important structural/functional peculiarities of distinct compound classes. <p> Conclusion: In the present work we have attempted to show the current status and growing potential of the Kv7 pharmacology field. We anticipate a bright future for the field, and express our hopes that the efforts herein reviewed will result in an improved treatment of hyperexcitability (or any other) diseases.

The existence during gestation of an immunological buffer zone at the interface between maternal and foetal tissues

1975 ◽  
Vol 271 (912) ◽  
pp. 343-361 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Buffer Zone ◽  
Placental Lactogen ◽  
Apical Plasma Membrane ◽  
Hormonal Changes ◽  
Endocrine Activity ◽  
Maternal Tissue ◽  
Local Survival ◽  
Receptor Sites ◽  
Probable Interaction ◽  
Immunological Attack

In mammalian pregnancy the trophoblast normally constitutes an uninterrupted boundary of foetal tissue in immediate contact with maternal tissue, including blood in some species, and is the decisive immunological barrier to rejection of the foetus as an allograft. The ability of the trophoblast to function as a barrier evidently results from its capacity to resist immunological attack by either alloantibody or alloimmune cells and to prevent immunocompetent cells from reaching and damaging the foetus but, as yet, there is no general agreement regarding the means by which it exercises these functions. In view of the dramatic hormonal changes that occur during pregnancy and the undisputed involvement of trophoblast in these endocrine events, the possibility exists of an interaction between the hormones of pregnancy and the immunological phenomena. The present account furnishes evidence that endocrine activity at the maternal surface of the trophoblast, the presumptive site of the immunological frontier between foetus and mother, may be a factor in its local survival at implantation. The placental hormones so far known that are capable of blocking the antigen receptor sites of the mother’s lymphocytes and thus preventing the latter from reacting with the foetal antigens are the glycoprotein, human chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG) and the polypeptide hormone, human chorionic somatomammotrophin (HCS) or human placental lactogen (HPL), both of which are specific to the human placenta. The origin of these hormones, their spatial distribution and their probable interaction with placental steroid hormones are discussed. It is argued that the place of highest concentration of these hormones is on the surface of the syncytial microvilli and the adjacent caviolae of the apical plasma membrane, as well as on the surfaces of the persisting cytotrophoblastic cells of the basal plate (cytotrophoblastic shell), the cell islands and the septa - precisely where the immunological challenge of the foetal allograft to the maternal host occurs. An explanation is offered for the continuing production of the voluminous quantities of these hormones during human pregnancy.

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