Fetal antigen 1 (FA1) in the human pancreas: cell type expression, topological and quantitative variations during development

1993 ◽  
Vol 187 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ditte Tornehave ◽  
Pernille Jansen ◽  
B�rge Teisner ◽  
HanneBoje Rasmussen ◽  
John Chemnitz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Pancreas ◽  
Cell Type ◽  
Pancreas Cell ◽  
Fetal Antigen

scholarly journals Integrin αvβ5 heterodimer is a specific marker of human pancreatic beta cells

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacqueline V. Schiesser ◽  
Thomas Loudovaris ◽  
Helen E. Thomas ◽  
Andrew G. Elefanty ◽  
Edouard G. Stanley
Keyword(s):  
Cell Surface ◽  
Beta Cells ◽  
Pancreatic Beta Cells ◽  
Specific Marker ◽  
Human Pancreas ◽  
Cell Type ◽  
Immunofluorescence Analysis ◽  
Insulin Expression ◽  
Rnaseq Data

AbstractThe identification of cell surface markers specific to pancreatic beta cells is important for both the study of islet biology and for investigating the pathophysiology of diseases in which this cell type is lost or damaged. Following analysis of publicly available RNAseq data, we identified specific integrin subunits, integrin αv and integrin β5, that were expressed in beta cells. This finding was further elaborated using immunofluorescence analysis of histological sections derived from donor human pancreas. Despite the broad expression of specific integrin subunits, we found that expression of integrin αvβ5 heterodimers was restricted to beta cells and that this complex persisted in islet remnants of some type 1 diabetic individuals from which insulin expression had been lost. This study identifies αvβ5 heterodimers as a novel cell surface marker of human pancreatic beta cells, a finding that will aid in the identification and characterisation of this important cell type.

scholarly journals In Vivo Senescence in the Sbds-Deficient Murine Pancreas: Cell-Type Specific Consequences of Translation Insufficiency

PLoS Genetics ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. e1005288 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marina E. Tourlakis ◽  
Siyi Zhang ◽  
Heather L. Ball ◽  
Rikesh Gandhi ◽  
Hongrui Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Type ◽  
Cell Type Specific ◽  
Pancreas Cell

scholarly journals Discovery and 3D imaging of a novel ΔNp63-expressing basal cell type in human pancreatic ducts with implications in disease

Gut ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. gutjnl-2020-322874
Author(s):  
Sandrina Martens ◽  
Katarina Coolens ◽  
Mathias Van Bulck ◽  
Tatjana Arsenijevic ◽  
Joan Casamitjana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mouse Models ◽  
Basal Cell ◽  
3D Imaging ◽  
Duct Cell ◽  
Cell Phenotype ◽  
Pancreatic Ducts ◽  
Stem Cell Markers ◽  
Human Pancreas ◽  
Basal Cells ◽  
Cell Type

ObjectiveThe aggressive basal-like molecular subtype of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) harbours a ΔNp63 (p40) gene expression signature reminiscent of a basal cell type. Distinct from other epithelia with basal tumours, ΔNp63+ basal cells reportedly do not exist in the normal pancreas.DesignWe evaluated ΔNp63 expression in human pancreas, chronic pancreatitis (CP) and PDAC. We further studied in depth the non-cancerous tissue and developed a three-dimensional (3D) imaging protocol (FLIP-IT, Fluorescence Light sheet microscopic Imaging of Paraffin-embedded or Intact Tissue) to study formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded samples at single cell resolution. Pertinent mouse models and HPDE cells were analysed.ResultsIn normal human pancreas, rare ΔNp63+ cells exist in ducts while their prevalence increases in CP and in a subset of PDAC. In non-cancer tissue, ΔNp63+ cells are atypical KRT19+ duct cells that overall lack SOX9 expression while they do express canonical basal markers and pertain to a niche of cells expressing gastrointestinal stem cell markers. 3D views show that the basal cells anchor on the basal membrane of normal medium to large ducts while in CP they exist in multilayer dome-like structures. In mice, ΔNp63 is not found in adult pancreas nor in selected models of CP or PDAC, but it is induced in organoids from larger Sox9low ducts. In HPDE, ΔNp63 supports a basal cell phenotype at the expense of a classical duct cell differentiation programme.ConclusionIn larger human pancreatic ducts, basal cells exist. ΔNp63 suppresses duct cell identity. These cells may play an important role in pancreatic disease, including PDAC ontogeny, but are not present in mouse models.

scholarly journals Linking Diabetes mellitus to SARS-CoV-2 infection through differential targeting of the microRNAs in the Pancreas tissue

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bhavya ◽  
Ekta Pathak ◽  
Rajeev Mishra
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Gene Expression Analysis ◽  
Pancreatic Tissue ◽  
Human Pancreas ◽  
Mirna Regulation ◽  
Differential Gene Expression Analysis ◽  
Differential Gene ◽  
Pancreas Cell ◽  
New Onset

Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) severity and Diabetes mellitus affect each other bidirectionally. The plus-sense single-stranded RNA (+ssRNA) genome of the SARS-CoV-2 virus can be targeted and suppressed by the host cell's microRNAs (miRNAs). Using the differential gene expression analysis between the mock-infected and the SARS-CoV-2-infected pancreatic tissue, we report five Diabetes-associated genes that are upregulated due to SARS-CoV-2 infection in the hESC pancreas tissues. Ten miRNAs regulating these five genes can potentially target the SARS-CoV-2 genome. We hypothesize that the SARS-CoV-2 genome copies in the infected human pancreas cell compete with the host cell native genes in being regulated by the native miRNAs. It leads to the reduced miRNA-regulation and, thus, the upregulation of the Diabetes-associated native genes. Thus, the resultant new-onset or elevated Diabetic symptoms may worsen the condition of COVID-19 patients.

scholarly journals Comprehensive evaluation of human brain gene expression deconvolution methods

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gavin J Sutton ◽  
Irina Voineagu
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Human Brain ◽  
Single Cell ◽  
Brain Cell ◽  
Human Pancreas ◽  
Cellular Composition ◽  
Transcriptome Data ◽  
Cell Type ◽  
Tissue Specific ◽  
Brain Data

AbstractGene expression measurements, similarly to DNA methylation and proteomic measurements, are influenced by the cellular composition of the sample analysed. Deconvolution of bulk transcriptome data aims to estimate the cellular composition of a sample from its gene expression data, which in turn can be used to correct for composition differences across samples. Although a multitude of deconvolution methods have been developed, it is unclear whether their performance is consistent across tissues with different complexities of cellular composition. For example, the human brain is unique in its transcriptomic diversity, and in the complexity of its cellularity, yet a comprehensive assessment of the accuracy of transcriptome deconvolution methods on human brain data is currently lacking.Here we carry out the first comprehensive comparative evaluation of the accuracy of deconvolution methods for human brain transcriptome data, and assess the tissue-specificity of our key observations by comparison with transcriptome data from human pancreas.We evaluate 22 transcriptome deconvolution approaches, covering all main classes: 3 partial deconvolution methods, each applied with 6 different categories of cell-type signature data, 2 enrichment methods and 2 complete deconvolution methods. We test the accuracy of cell type estimates using in silico mixtures of single-cell RNA-seq data, mixtures of neuronal and glial RNA, as well as nearly 2,000 human brain samples.Our results bring several important insights into the performance of transcriptome deconvolution: (a) We find that cell-type signature data has a stronger impact on brain deconvolution accuracy than the choice of method. In contrast, cell-type signature only mildly influences deconvolution of pancreas transcriptome data, highlighting the importance of tissue-specific benchmarking. (b) We demonstrate that biological factors influencing brain cell-type signature data (e.g. brain region, in vitro cell culturing), have stronger effects on the deconvolution outcome than technical factors (e.g. RNA sequencing platform). (c) We find that partial deconvolution methods outperform complete deconvolution methods on human brain data. (d) We demonstrate that the impact of cellular composition differences on differential expression analyses is tissue-specific, and more pronounced for brain than for pancreas.To facilitate wider implementation of correction for cellular composition, we develop a novel brain cell-type signature, MultiBrain, which integrates single-cell, immuno-panned, and single-nucleus datasets. We demonstrate that it achieves improved deconvolution accuracy over existing reference signatures. Deconvolution of transcriptome data from autism cases and controls using MultiBrain identified cell-type composition changes replicable across studies, and highlighted novel genes dysregulated in autism.

scholarly journals Cell type purification by single-cell transcriptome-trained sorting

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chloé S Baron ◽  
Aditya Barve ◽  
Mauro J Muraro ◽  
Gitanjali Dharmadhikari ◽  
Reinier van der Linden ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Single Cell ◽  
Cell Sorting ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Computational Method ◽  
Human Pancreas ◽  
Cell Type ◽  
Specific Antibodies ◽  
Cell Transcriptome ◽  
Single Cell Transcriptome ◽  
Index Sorting

Traditional cell type enrichment using fluorescence activated cell sorting (FACS) relies on methods that specifically label the cell type of interest. Here we propose GateID, a computational method that combines single-cell transcriptomics for unbiased cell type identification with FACS index sorting to purify cell types of choice. We validate GateID by purifying various cell types from the zebrafish kidney marrow and the human pancreas without resorting to specific antibodies or transgenes.

Ultrastructural Correlations between Clonal Human Tumor Colonies and in Vivo Neoplasms

1982 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 210-211
Author(s):  
M.J. Murphy ◽  
R.R. Price ◽  
J.C. Sloman
Keyword(s):  
Cultured Cells ◽  
Human Tumor ◽  
Cell Type ◽  
Tumor Mass ◽  
Initial Cell ◽  
Cloning Assay ◽  
Human Tumor Cloning ◽  
The Relationship

The in vitro human tumor cloning assay originally described by Salmon and Hamburger has been applied recently to the investigation of differential anti-tumor drug sensitivities over a broad range of human neoplasms. A major problem in the acceptance of this technique has been the question of the relationship between the cultured cells and the original patient tumor, i.e., whether the colonies that develop derive from the neoplasm or from some other cell type within the initial cell population. A study of the ultrastructural morphology of the cultured cells vs. patient tumor has therefore been undertaken to resolve this question. Direct correlation was assured by division of a common tumor mass at surgical resection, one biopsy being fixed for TEM studies, the second being rapidly transported to the laboratory for culture.

Some Observations on Changes in Denervated Taste Buds of Circumvallate Papillae of Rabbits

1969 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 308-309
Author(s):  
Sunao Fujimoto ◽  
Raymond G. Murray ◽  
Assia Murray
Keyword(s):  
Taste Buds ◽  
Taste Bud ◽  
Cell Type ◽  
Dark Cells ◽  
Type Iii ◽  
Circumvallate Papillae ◽  
Taste Bud Cells ◽  
Light Cells

Taste bud cells in circumvallate papillae of rabbit have been classified into three groups: dark cells; light cells; and type III cells. Unilateral section of the 9th nerve distal to the petrosal ganglion was performed in 18 animals, and changes of each cell type in the denervated buds were observed from 6 hours to 10 days after the operation.Degeneration of nerves is evident at 12 hours (Fig. 1) and by 2 days, nerves are completely lacking in the buds. Invasion by leucocytes into the buds is remarkable from 6 to 12 hours but then decreases. Their extrusion through the pore is seen. Shrinkage and disturbance in arrangement of cells in the buds can be seen at 2 days. Degenerated buds consisting of a few irregular cells and remnants of degenerated cells are present at 4 days, but buds apparently normal except for the loss of nerve elements are still present at 6 days.

Dendritic cells of the human epidermis: immuno-electron microscopic studies of la antigen reactivity

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 644-645
Author(s):  
G. Rowden ◽  
M. G. Lewis ◽  
T. M. Phillips
Keyword(s):  
Dendritic Cells ◽  
Langerhans Cells ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Cell Type ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
La Antigen ◽  
Microscopic Studies ◽  
A Cell ◽  
C3 Receptors ◽  
Antigen Reactivity

Langerhans cells of mammalian stratified squamous epithelial have proven to be an enigma since their discovery in 1868. These dendritic suprabasal cells have been considered as related to melanocytes either as effete cells, or as post divisional products. Although grafting experiments seemed to demonstrate the independence of the cell types, much confusion still exists. The presence in the epidermis of a cell type with morphological features seemingly shared by melanocytes and Langerhans cells has been especially troublesome. This so called "indeterminate", or " -dendritic cell" lacks both Langerhans cells granules and melanosomes, yet it is clearly not a keratinocyte. Suggestions have been made that it is related to either Langerhans cells or melanocyte. Recent studies have unequivocally demonstrated that Langerhans cells are independent cells with immune function. They display Fc and C3 receptors on their surface as well as la (immune region associated) antigens.

Lymphoproliferative disorders (LPD) involving lungs: T and B cell subsets within pulmonary infiltrates and in peripheral blood

1984 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. 700-701
Author(s):  
Irene Stachura ◽  
Milton H. Dalbow ◽  
Michael J. Niemiec ◽  
Matias Pardo ◽  
Gurmukh Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
B Cells ◽  
B Cell ◽  
Lymphoproliferative Disorders ◽  
Mixed Population ◽  
Lymphoid Cells ◽  
Lymphomatoid Granulomatosis ◽  
Cell Type ◽  
Cell Surface Antigens ◽  
Pulmonary Infiltrates ◽  
B Cell Subsets

Lymphoid cells were analyzed within pulmonary infiltrates of six patients with lymphoproliferative disorders involving lungs by immunofluorescence and immunoperoxidase techniques utilizing monoclonal antibodies to cell surface antigens T11 (total T), T4 (inducer/helper T), T8 (cytotoxic/suppressor T) and B1 (B cells) and the antisera against heavy (G,A,M) and light (kappa, lambda) immunoglobulin chains. Three patients had pseudolymphoma, two patients had lymphoma and one patient had lymphomatoid granulomatosis.A mixed population of cells was present in tissue infiltrates from the three patients with pseudolymphoma, IgM-kappa producing cells constituted the main B cell type in one patient. In two patients with lymphoma pattern the infiltrates were composed exclusively of T4+ cells and IgG-lambda B cells predominated slightly in the patient with lymphomatoid granulomatosis.

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