Effects of nicotine receptor agonists on acetylcholine release from the isolated motor nerve, small intestine and trachea of rats and guinea-pigs

1992 ◽  
Vol 70-70 (3-4) ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Wessler ◽  
C. Apel ◽  
M. Garmsen ◽  
A. Klein
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Acetylcholine Release ◽  
Motor Nerve ◽  
Nicotine Receptor ◽  
Receptor Agonists

In vitro absorption of bile salts by small intestine of rats and guinea pigs

1961 ◽  
Vol 200 (2) ◽  
pp. 313-317 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leon Lack ◽  
I. M. Weiner
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Bile Acid ◽  
Active Transport ◽  
Sodium Azide ◽  
Concentration Gradient ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Bile Salts ◽  
Ileal Segment

The transport of taurocholic and glycocholic acids by the small intestine of rats and guinea pigs against a concentration gradient was studied by the everted gutsac technique. Transport of these substances is limited to the distal ileal segment. This transport is inhibited by anoxia, dinitrophenol and sodium azide. The system has a transport maximum. On the basis of these criteria bile acid reabsorption is considered to occur by active transport.

scholarly journals Morphoquantitative study of the submucous plexus (of Meissner) of the jejunum-ileum of young and old guinea pigs

2011 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcelo César Zanesco ◽  
Romeu Rodrigues de Souza
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Collagen Fibers ◽  
Submucous Plexus ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Electronic Microscope

OBJECTIVE: To study the aging of submucous plexus of the small intestine (jejunum-ileum) of the guinea pigs from the quantitative, structural and ultrastructural perspective. METHOD: Chemical preparations of membrane of the jejunum-ileum of old and young animals with the use of light and electronic microscope. RESULTS: The ganglia of young animals presented between 1 and 56 neurons and the old animals presented from 1 to 30 neurons. The mean density of the ganglia by cm² in the young jejunum-ileum was of 551±36.89 and in the old one 413±11.86. The density of the neurons was 5011±291.11 neurons/cm² average in young animals and 2918±120.70 neurons/cm² in the old ones. The size of the neurons varied in both age groups. The collagen fibers in the ganglia of old animals they were condensed. Degenerated mitochondrias in the interior of the cell were frequent in the old animals. CONCLUSION: In submucous plexus of the jejunum-ileum there is a loss of 38% of the neurons with aging.

scholarly journals Гістоморфологічні зміни в органах і тканинах мурчаків, інфікованих ентеротоксигенними штамами Y. Enterocoliticа

2015 ◽  
pp. 73-83
Author(s):  
Б. В. Борисевич ◽  
В. Г. Скибіцький ◽  
Г. В. Козловська ◽  
А. В. Козловська
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Causative Agent ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Degenerative Changes ◽  
Necrotic Enteritis ◽  
Immune Organs ◽  
Liver And Pancreas ◽  
Histomorphological Changes ◽  
Significant Activation

Викладено результати дослідження гістоморфо-логічних змін органів і тканин мурчаків, інфікованихентеротоксигенними штамами Y. enterocoliticа. Зок-рема встановлено, що найбільше уражається тонкакишка, де виявляють поверхневий некротичний енте-рит. Токсини збудника хвороби, потрапляючи в кров,спричиняють дистрофічні зміни в печінці та підшлун-ковій залозі, спричиняють екстракапілярний серознийгломерулонефрит та дистрофічні зміни епітеліюканальців нирок, а також серозний міокардит. Інфі-кування мурчаків призводить до значної активаціївсіх імунокомпетентних органів організму – тимусу,селезінки, соматичних і вісцеральних лімфовузлів. The results of the study of histomorphological changes in organs and tissues of guinea pigs infected with enterotoxigenic strains of Y. enterocolitica were presented. We established, in particular, the most affected in small intestine, where superficial necrotic enteritis was determined. Toxins are causative agent, getting into the bloodstream cause degenerative changes in the liver and pancreas. And also serous ecstracapillary glomerulonephritis and degenerated changes of epithelial tubules of the kidneys and serous myocarditis were caused. The infecting of guinea pigs leads significant activation of immune organs: thymus, spleen, somatic and visceral lymph nodes.

Localization of eosinophils to airway nerves and effect on neuronal M2 muscarinic receptor function

1997 ◽  
Vol 273 (1) ◽  
pp. L93-L103 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. W. Costello ◽  
B. H. Schofield ◽  
G. M. Kephart ◽  
G. J. Gleich ◽  
D. B. Jacoby ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Acetylcholine Release ◽  
Basic Protein ◽  
Receptor Function ◽  
Major Basic Protein ◽  
Parasympathetic Nerves ◽  
M2 Muscarinic Receptor ◽  
Fatal Asthma ◽  
Eosinophil Major Basic Protein ◽  
M2 Muscarinic Receptors

Neuronal M2 muscarinic receptors inhibit acetylcholine release from pulmonary parasympathetic nerves but are dysfunctional in antigen-challenged animals and asthmatics. Deletion of pulmonary eosinophils protects M2 receptor function in antigen-challenged guinea pigs. Therefore, the association of eosinophils with airway nerves was investigated. Nerve-associated eosinophils were significantly increased in challenged animals compared with controls (0.75 +/- 0.05 vs. 0.28 +/- 0.05 eosinophils/nerve). In antigen-challenged animals, eosinophil density was greatest around airway nerves, suggesting recruitment to the nerves. M2 receptor function was inversely correlated with the number of eosinophils per nerve, thus eosinophils are associated with airway nerves in antigen-challenged guinea pigs, where they impair M2 receptor function. In airways from three patients with fatal asthma, 196 of 637 eosinophils (30%) were associated with nerves, and release of eosinophil major basic protein was evident; conversely, in three control patients 1 of 11 (9%) eosinophils were in contact with nerves. Thus eosinophils and their granule proteins are also seen in association with airway nerves in patients with asthma.

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