Does male harassment of females contribute to reproductive synchrony in the grey seal by affecting maternal performance?

1995 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daryl J. Boness ◽  
W.Don Bowen ◽  
Sara J. Iverson
Keyword(s):  
Grey Seal ◽  
Male Harassment ◽  
Reproductive Synchrony ◽  
Maternal Performance

Utilizing next-generation sequencing to identify prey DNA in western North Atlantic grey seal Halichoerus grypus diet

2020 ◽  
Vol 655 ◽  
pp. 227-240
Author(s):  
KR Flanders ◽  
ZH Olson ◽  
KA Ono
Keyword(s):  
Next Generation Sequencing ◽  
Feeding Habits ◽  
Atlantic Menhaden ◽  
Halichoerus Grypus ◽  
Frequency Of Occurrence ◽  
Grey Seal ◽  
Next Generation ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Generation Sequencing ◽  
Seal Diet

Increasing grey seal Halichoerus grypus abundance in coastal New England is leading to social, political, economic, and ecological controversies. Central to these issues is the foraging ecology and diet composition of the seals. We studied grey seal feeding habits through next-generation sequencing of prey DNA using 16S amplicons from seal scat (n = 74) collected from a breeding colony on Monomoy Island in Massachusetts, USA, and report frequency of occurrence and relative read abundance. We also assigned seal sex to scat samples using a revised PCR assay. In contrast to current understanding of grey seal diet from hard parts and fatty acid analysis, we found no significant difference between male and female diet measured by alpha and beta diversity. Overall, we detected 24 prey groups, 18 of which resolved to species. Sand lance Ammodytes spp. were the most frequently consumed prey group, with a frequency of occurrence (FO) of 97.3%, consistent with previous studies, but Atlantic menhaden Brevoortia tyrannus, the second most frequently consumed species (FO = 60.8%), has not previously been documented in US grey seal diet. Our results suggest that a metabarcoding approach to seal food habits can yield important new ecological insights, but that traditional hard parts analysis does not underestimate consumption of Atlantic cod Gadus morhua (FO = 6.7%, Gadidae spp.) and salmon Salmo salar (FO = 0%), 2 particularly valuable species of concern.

scholarly journals The role of maternally transferred antibodies in maternal performance in red deer

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie Gauzere ◽  
Craig A. Walling ◽  
Joel L. Pick ◽  
Kathryn Watt ◽  
Penny Jack ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Red Deer ◽  
Maternal Performance

A statistical procedure for estimating Grey seal pup production from a single census

Mammal Review ◽  
1978 ◽  
Vol 8 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 35-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. J. RADFORD ◽  
C. F. SUMMERS ◽  
K. M. YOUNG
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Procedure ◽  
Grey Seal

Additive and non-additive genetic effects of growth-curve parameters of Holstein, Ayrshire and crossbred females

1994 ◽  
Vol 74 (3) ◽  
pp. 401-409 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Perotto ◽  
R. I. Cue ◽  
A. J. Lee ◽  
A. J. McAllister ◽  
J. R. Batra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Growth Curve ◽  
Growth Traits ◽  
Individual Performance ◽  
Breeding Value ◽  
Average Lifetime ◽  
Additive Effects ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Maternal Performance

Crossbreeding parameters (line additive, dominance and additive × additive epistatic effects for individual and for maternal performance) on growth traits of females from a crossbreeding experiment between Holstein-based (HS) and Ayrshire-based (AS) lines were estimated by individual animal models, incorporating all known additive genetic relationships among animals, through restricted maximum likelihood and mixed-model methodologies. The growth traits [asymptotic weight (A), rate parameter (k), inflection parameter (m), average lifetime absolute growth rate (AGR), average lifetime absolute maturing rate (AMR) and average lifetime relative growth rate (RGR)] were estimated by fitting the Richards function to the observed growth curve of 3076 individuals. The statistical model included the random effect of the animal breeding value and the fixed effects of genetic group and station–year–season of birth. Results indicated that the HS exceeded (P < 0.001) the AS in additive effects for individual performance for both A and AGR. The HS exceeded (P < 0.05) the AS in additive effects for maternal performance for A. Individual heterosis was positive for A (P < 0.001) and for AGR (P < 0.01). Maternal heterosis was negative for A (P < 0.05) and positive for AMR (P < 0.05). Total heterosis (TH) had positive effects on both AGR and AMR (P < 0.05). Heterosis retained in advanced crossbred generations was not significant (P > 0.05) for any of the studied traits. The results suggest that crossbreeding designed to exploit TH can alter the shape of the growth curve of dairy cattle. Key words: Crossbreeding, dairy cattle, growth curve

Water flux and early signs of entrance into phase 111 of fasting in grey seal pups

1992 ◽  
Vol 144 (4) ◽  
pp. 477-482 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. S. NORDØY ◽  
D. E. STIJFHOORN ◽  
A. RÅHEIM ◽  
A. S. BLIX
Keyword(s):  
Water Flux ◽  
Grey Seal ◽  
Early Signs

scholarly journals Transcriptome analysis identifies pathways associated with enhanced maternal performance in QSi5 mice

BMC Genomics ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 197 ◽  
Author(s):  
Palaniappan Ramanathan ◽  
Ian C Martin ◽  
Margaret Gardiner-Garden ◽  
Peter C Thomson ◽  
Rosanne M Taylor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transcriptome Analysis ◽  
Maternal Performance
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