Identification of industrial yeast strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae by fatty acid profiles

1991 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Bendov� ◽  
V. Richter ◽  
B. Janderov� ◽  
J. H�usler
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Profiles ◽  
Industrial Yeast ◽  
Yeast Strains

scholarly journals Identification of Novel Alleles Conferring Superior Production of Rose Flavor Phenylethyl Acetate Using Polygenic Analysis in Yeast

mBio ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruna Trindade de Carvalho ◽  
Sylvester Holt ◽  
Ben Souffriau ◽  
Rogelio Lopes Brandão ◽  
Maria R. Foulquié-Moreno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Genetic Mapping ◽  
Quantitative Trait ◽  
Mutant Allele ◽  
Fatty Acid Synthetase ◽  
Alcoholic Beverages ◽  
Industrial Yeast ◽  
Flavor Compound ◽  
Yeast Strains

ABSTRACT Flavor compound metabolism is one of the last areas in metabolism where multiple genes encoding biosynthetic enzymes are still unknown. A major challenge is the involvement of side activities of enzymes having their main function in other areas of metabolism. We have applied pooled-segregant whole-genome sequence analysis to identify novel Saccharomyces cerevisiae genes affecting production of phenylethyl acetate (2-PEAc). This is a desirable flavor compound of major importance in alcoholic beverages imparting rose- and honey-like aromas, with production of high 2-PEAc levels considered a superior trait. Four quantitative trait loci (QTLs) responsible for high 2-PEAc production were identified, with two loci each showing linkage to the genomes of the BTC.1D and ER18 parents. The first two loci were investigated further. The causative genes were identified by reciprocal allele swapping into both parents using clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR)/Cas9. The superior allele of the first major causative gene, FAS2, was dominant and contained two unique single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) responsible for high 2-PEAc production that were not present in other sequenced yeast strains. FAS2 encodes the alpha subunit of the fatty acid synthetase complex. Surprisingly, the second causative gene was a mutant allele of TOR1, a gene involved in nitrogen regulation. Exchange of both superior alleles in the ER18 parent strain increased 2-PEAc production 70%, nearly to the same level as in the best superior segregant. Our results show that polygenic analysis combined with CRISPR/Cas9-mediated allele exchange is a powerful tool for identification of genes encoding missing metabolic enzymes and for development of industrial yeast strains generating novel flavor profiles in alcoholic beverages. IMPORTANCE Multiple reactions in flavor metabolism appear to be catalyzed by side activities of other enzymes that have been difficult to identify. We have applied genetic mapping of quantitative trait loci in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae to identify mutant alleles of genes determining the production of phenylethyl acetate, an important flavor compound imparting rose- and honey-like aromas to alcoholic beverages. We identified a unique, dominant allele of FAS2 that supports high production of phenylethyl acetate. FAS2 encodes a subunit of the fatty acid synthetase complex and apparently exerts an important side activity on one or more alternative substrates in flavor compound synthesis. The second mutant allele contained a nonsense mutation in TOR1, a gene involved in nitrogen regulation of growth. Together the two alleles strongly increased the level of phenylethyl acetate. Our work highlights the potential of genetic mapping of quantitative phenotypic traits to identify novel enzymes and regulatory components in yeast metabolism, including regular metabolic enzymes with unknown side activities responsible for biosynthesis of specific flavor compounds. The superior alleles identified can be used to develop industrial yeast strains generating novel flavor profiles in alcoholic beverages. IMPORTANCE Multiple reactions in flavor metabolism appear to be catalyzed by side activities of other enzymes that have been difficult to identify. We have applied genetic mapping of quantitative trait loci in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae to identify mutant alleles of genes determining the production of phenylethyl acetate, an important flavor compound imparting rose- and honey-like aromas to alcoholic beverages. We identified a unique, dominant allele of FAS2 that supports high production of phenylethyl acetate. FAS2 encodes a subunit of the fatty acid synthetase complex and apparently exerts an important side activity on one or more alternative substrates in flavor compound synthesis. The second mutant allele contained a nonsense mutation in TOR1, a gene involved in nitrogen regulation of growth. Together the two alleles strongly increased the level of phenylethyl acetate. Our work highlights the potential of genetic mapping of quantitative phenotypic traits to identify novel enzymes and regulatory components in yeast metabolism, including regular metabolic enzymes with unknown side activities responsible for biosynthesis of specific flavor compounds. The superior alleles identified can be used to develop industrial yeast strains generating novel flavor profiles in alcoholic beverages.

scholarly journals Rapid Colorimetric Detection of Genome Evolution in SCRaMbLEd Synthetic Saccharomyces cerevisiae Strains

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 1914
Author(s):  
Elizabeth L. I. Wightman ◽  
Heinrich Kroukamp ◽  
Isak S. Pretorius ◽  
Ian T. Paulsen ◽  
Helena K. M. Nevalainen
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Genome Evolution ◽  
Colorimetric Detection ◽  
Cre Recombinase ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Genomic Rearrangements ◽  
Industrial Yeast ◽  
Poor Growth ◽  
Yeast Strains ◽  
Industrial Strains

Genome-scale engineering and custom synthetic genomes are reshaping the next generation of industrial yeast strains. The Cre-recombinase-mediated chromosomal rearrangement mechanism of designer synthetic Saccharomyces cerevisiae chromosomes, known as SCRaMbLE, is a powerful tool which allows rapid genome evolution upon command. This system is able to generate millions of novel genomes with potential valuable phenotypes, but the excessive loss of essential genes often results in poor growth or even the death of cells with useful phenotypes. In this study we expanded the versatility of SCRaMbLE to industrial strains, and evaluated different control measures to optimize genomic rearrangement, whilst limiting cell death. To achieve this, we have developed RED (rapid evolution detection), a simple colorimetric plate-assay procedure to rapidly quantify the degree of genomic rearrangements within a post-SCRaMbLE yeast population. RED-enabled semi-synthetic strains were mated with the haploid progeny of industrial yeast strains to produce stress-tolerant heterozygous diploid strains. Analysis of these heterozygous strains with the RED-assay, genome sequencing and custom bioinformatics scripts demonstrated a correlation between RED-assay frequencies and physical genomic rearrangements. Here we show that RED is a fast and effective method to evaluate the optimal SCRaMbLE induction times of different Cre-recombinase expression systems for the development of industrial strains.

Near-freezing effects on the proteome of industrial yeast strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae

2016 ◽  
Vol 221 ◽  
pp. 70-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lidia Ballester-Tomás ◽  
Roberto Pérez-Torrado ◽  
Sonia Rodríguez-Vargas ◽  
Jose A. Prieto ◽  
Francisca Randez-Gil
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Industrial Yeast ◽  
Yeast Strains

scholarly journals Rapid Colorimetric Detection of Genome Evolution in SCRaMbLEd Synthetic Saccharomyces cerevisiae Strains

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth L. I. Wightman ◽  
Heinrich Kroukamp ◽  
Isak S. Pretorius ◽  
Ian T. Paulsen ◽  
Helena K. M. Nevalainen
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Genome Evolution ◽  
Colorimetric Detection ◽  
Rapid Evolution ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Genomic Rearrangements ◽  
Industrial Yeast ◽  
Poor Growth ◽  
Yeast Strains ◽  
Industrial Strains

Genome-scale engineering and custom synthetic genomes are reshaping the next generation of industrial yeast strains. The Cre-recombinase mediated chromosomal rearrangement mechanism of designer synthetic Saccharomyces cerevisiae chromosomes, known as SCRaMbLE, is a powerful tool which allows rapid genome evolution upon command. This system is able to generate millions of novel genomes with potential valuable phenotypes, but the excessive loss of essential genes often results in poor growth or even the death of cells with useful phenotypes. In this study we expanded the versatility of SCRaMbLE to industrial strains, and evaluated different control measures to optimise genomic rearrangement, whilst limiting cell death. To achieve this, we have developed RED (Rapid Evolution Detection), a simple colorimetric plate-assay procedure to rapidly quantify the degree of genomic rearrangements within a post-SCRaMbLE yeast population. RED-enabled semi-synthetic strains were mated with haploid progeny of industrial yeast strains to produce stress tolerant heterozygous diploid strains. Analysis of these heterozygous strains with the RED-assay, genome sequencing and custom bioinformatics scripts demonstrated a correlation between RED-assay frequencies and physical genomic rearrangements. Here we show that RED is a fast and effective method to evaluate optimal SCRaMbLE induction times of different Cre-recombinse expression systems for the development of industrial strains.

scholarly journals Considerable Increase in Resveratrol Production by Recombinant Industrial Yeast Strains with Use of Rich Medium

2010 ◽  
Vol 76 (10) ◽  
pp. 3361-3363 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tobias Sydor ◽  
Steffen Schaffer ◽  
Eckhard Boles
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Considerable Increase ◽  
Synthetic Medium ◽  
Stilbene Synthase ◽  
Rich Medium ◽  
Industrial Yeast ◽  
Yeast Cultures ◽  
Yeast Strains ◽  
Coenzyme A Ligase

ABSTRACT Resveratrol synthesis from p-coumarate was analyzed in different Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains expressing the 4-coumaroyl-coenzyme A ligase (4CL1) from Arabidopsis thaliana and the stilbene synthase (STS) from Vitis vinifera and compared between yeast cultures growing in rich or synthetic medium. The use of rich medium considerably improved resveratrol production, and resveratrol yields of up to 391 mg/liter could be achieved with an industrial Brazilian sugar cane-fermenting yeast.

Trophic niches determined from fatty acid profiles of sympatric coral reef mesopredators

2019 ◽  
Vol 632 ◽  
pp. 159-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
SL Bierwagen ◽  
H Pethybridge ◽  
MR Heupel ◽  
A Chin ◽  
CA Simpfendorfer
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Coral Reef ◽  
Fatty Acid Profiles ◽  
Trophic Niches

Taxonomic characterization and identification of Saccharomyces cerevisiae D8 for brandy production from pineapple

2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 474-482
Author(s):  
Hoang Thi Le Thuong ◽  
Nguyen Quang Hao ◽  
Tran Thi Thuy
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Low Ph ◽  
Yeast Strains ◽  
Biological Studies ◽  
Taxonomic Characterization

Eight yeast strains (denoted as D1 to D8) were isolated from samples of natural fermented pineapple. Strain D8 showed highest alcoholic production at low pH and special aroma of pineapple has been chosen for further study. Taxonomic characterization of strain D8 using morphological, biochemical and molecular biological studies confirmed that strain D8  belong to Saccharomycetaceae family, Saccharomycetales order and Saccharomyces cerevisiae species. Therefore, we named this strain as Saccharomyces cerevisiae D8 for further study on Brandy production from pineapple. Citation: Hoang Thi Le Thuong, Nguyen Quang Hao, Tran Thi Thuy, 2017. Taxonomic characterization and identification of Saccharomyces cerevisiae D8 for brandy production from pineapple. Tap chi Sinh hoc, 39(4): 474- 482. DOI: 10.15625/0866-7160/v39n4.10864.*Corresponding author: [email protected] Received 5 December 2016, accepted 12 August 2017

The assessment of biofilm community composition on plumbing materials in filtered and unfiltered water distribution systems

2003 ◽  
Vol 3 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 187-191
Author(s):  
M.M. Critchley ◽  
N.J. Cromar ◽  
H.J. Fallowfield
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Community Composition ◽  
Distribution Systems ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Water Distribution Systems ◽  
Polymer Materials ◽  
Fatty Acid Profiles ◽  
Water Supplies ◽  
Drinking Water Distribution Systems

Biofilms have been extensively characterised within drinking water distribution systems. However, the significance of materials on biofilm species diversity is not established. This study investigated the community composition of biofilms on plumbing materials receiving filtered and unfiltered water supplies. Biofilms were extracted from polybutylene, polyethylene, cross-linked polyethylene, unplasticised polyvinyl chloride and copper tubes in sampling rigs receiving Murray-Onkaparinga water before or after filtration. Biofilms were extracted and analysed for fatty acid composition using the FAME™ methodology. There were differences in the fatty acid profiles of biofilms and the respective water supplies, indicating differences in the attached and planktonic communities. The results also showed significant differences in the fatty acid profiles of biofilms on the polymer materials compared to copper, suggesting variations in biofilm populations on the different materials. The potential for materials to select for microbial populations has significant implications for the ecology of drinking water biofilms.

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