Efficacy of cerebroprotective substances in the management of functional disorders induced by the cytotoxic brain oedema-producing substance hexachlorophene

1993 ◽  
Vol 347 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Andreas
Keyword(s):  
Brain Oedema ◽  
Functional Disorders ◽  
Cytotoxic Brain Oedema

scholarly journals Comparative Neuroprotective Effects of Dexamethasone and Minocycline during Hepatic Encephalopathy

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maha Gamal ◽  
Zainab Abdel Wahab ◽  
Mohamed Eshra ◽  
Laila Rashed ◽  
Nivin Sharawy
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Gene Expression ◽  
Liver Injury ◽  
Brain Oedema ◽  
Acute Liver Injury ◽  
Neuroprotective Effects ◽  
Inos Gene ◽  
Nitrite Nitrate ◽  
Cytotoxic Brain Oedema ◽  
Inos Gene Expression

Objective.Encephalopathy and brain edema are serious complications of acute liver injury and may lead to rapid death of patients. The present study was designed to investigate the role of the inflammatory mediators and oxidative stress in the cytotoxic brain oedema and the neuroprotective effects of both minocycline and dexamethasone.Methods.48 male albino rats were divided into 4 groups: control group, acute liver injury (ALI) group, minocycline pretreated ALI group, and dexamethasone pretreated ALI group. 24 hours after acute liver injury serum ammonia, liver enzymes, brain levels of heme oxygenase-1 gene, iNOS gene expression, nitrite/nitrate, and cytokines were measured. In addition, the grades of encephalopathy and brain water content were assessed.Results.ALI was associated with significant increases in all measured inflammatory mediators, oxidative stress, iNOS gene expression, and nitrite/nitrate. Both minocycline and dexamethasone significantly modulated the inflammatory changes and the oxidative/nitrosative stress associated with ALI. However, only minocycline but not dexamethasone significantly reduced the cytotoxic brain oedema.Conclusion.Both minocycline and dexamethasone could modulate inflammatory and oxidative changes observed in brain after ALI and could be novel preventative therapy for hepatic encephalopathy episodes.

scholarly journals Glucocorticoid In Cytotoxicity Followed by Delayed Edema

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-51
Author(s):  
Md Amir Ali ◽  
Aminul Islam ◽  
RU Chowdhury ◽  
Al Amin Salek ◽  
Sudipta Kumer Mukherjee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brain Oedema ◽  
Corticosteroid Treatment ◽  
Military Hospital ◽  
Pathological State ◽  
Oedema Formation ◽  
Vasogenic Oedema ◽  
First Time ◽  
Cytotoxic Brain Oedema ◽  
Cytotoxic Oedema ◽  
Vasogenic Brain Oedema

Background: Cytotoxicity is the toxicity to cell. Any type of brain oedema producing raised intracranial pressure (ICP) which may be a fatal pathological state. Corticosteroid is contraindicated in cytotoxic brain oedema but in vasogenic oedema, it is beneficial. Cytotoxic oedema in its consequences induces vasogenic oedema where the corticosteroid may helpful. Objectives: To determine the effects of corticosteroid on tertiary vasogenic brain oedema from cytotoxic edema. Methods: Total of 328 patients was diagnosed as brain oedema and they had been first time reported & all were admitted in Combined Military Hospital (CMH) Dhaka, between Jan 2017 to Jun 2019. Out of 328 patients, brain oedema due to spontaneous ICHs was 219 (66.77%) and traumatic ICHs were 109(33.33%). Diagnosis was based upon history, clinical examination and non-contrast Computed Tomography (CT) scan of brain. Results: Total 328 admitted patients in CMH Dhaka from Jan 2017-Jun 2019 were included in our study who full-fill the criteria. Males were 231 (70.43%); females were 97(29.57%) and were aged between 1 to 95 year. Intracranial haemorrhage rate among age group less than 55 years old being 76 (34.70%) and 55 years or above 143 (65.30%) of total 219 patients. Traumatic ICHs were 109 and 1 to 44 years age is most vulnerable, 69(63.30%) and 45 years and above 40 (36.70%) patients. Corticosteroid was used after vasogenic brain oedema formation following cytotoxic oedema which was diagnosed mainly radiologically. Cytotoxic oedema induced by 24 hours and vasogenic oedema in two to four days of brain insult. Vasogenic oedema developed in 24 -48 hours, 65 (19.82%) patients and 117 (35.67 %) by 48-72 hours and above 72 hours rest 146 (44.51%) patients after brain insult. After vasogenic oedema formation, out of 164 patients that is 50% patients were treated with corticosteroid and GOS was assessed- GOS 4,5 -103(62.80%), GOS 3-34 (20.73%), GOS 2- 23(14.02%) and GOS 1-4(2.44%) whereas without corticosteroid treatment of rest vasogenic oedema 164 (50%) , GOS was- GOS 4,5 -85(51.83%), GOS 3-43 (26.22%), GOS 2- 27(16.46%) and GOS 1-9(5.49%) at 30 days of incidence. There is more than two times mortality without corticosteroid therapy than with steroid therapy. Conclusion: Cytotoxic brain oedema is contraindicated for steroid but we observed that corticosteroid gives better GOS in vasogenic oedema which develops after cytotoxic brain oedema. Outcome in cytotoxic oedema followed by vasogenic oedema is beneficial for corticosteroid. Bang. J Neurosurgery 2020; 10(1): 45-51

Hypotonic shock in mice as in vivo model for cytotoxic brain oedema formation

2008 ◽  
Vol 25 (Supplement 43) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
T. Fret ◽  
L. Heylen ◽  
M. Nuydens ◽  
F. De Jongh ◽  
T. Meert
Keyword(s):  
Brain Oedema ◽  
In Vivo Model ◽  
Oedema Formation ◽  
Hypotonic Shock ◽  
Cytotoxic Brain Oedema

Orosensory Perception, Speech Production, and Deafness

1973 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 257-266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milo E. Bishop ◽  
Robert L. Ringel ◽  
Arthur S. House
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Speech Production ◽  
Poor Performance ◽  
Normal Hearing ◽  
The Other ◽  
Functional Disorders ◽  
Form Discrimination ◽  
School Subjects ◽  
Oral Form ◽  
Similarities And Differences

The oral form-discrimination abilities of 18 orally educated and oriented deaf high school subjects were determined and compared to those of manually educated and oriented deaf subjects and normal-hearing subjects. The similarities and differences among the responses of the three groups were discussed and then compared to responses elicited from subjects with functional disorders of articulation. In general, the discrimination scores separated the manual deaf from the other two groups, particularly when differences in form shapes were involved in the test. The implications of the results for theories relating orosensory-discrimination abilities are discussed. It is postulated that, while a failure in oroperceptual functioning may lead to disorders of articulation, a failure to use the oral mechanism for speech activities, even in persons with normal orosensory capabilities, may result in poor performance on oroperceptual tasks.

The role of the active metabolite of vitamin D (alfacalcidol) in the treatment of deficiency states and functional disorders

2015 ◽  
Vol 17 (9) ◽  
pp. 139-143
Author(s):  
I.S. Dydykina ◽  
◽  
P.S. Dydykina ◽  
A.A. Kovalenko ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Active Metabolite ◽  
Functional Disorders

DIAGNOSTIC OF FUNCTIONAL DISORDERS OF DENTOFACIAL ANOMALIES IN CHILDREN DURING ORTHODONTIC TREATMENT

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 88-92
Author(s):  
O.V. Dudnik ◽  
Ad.A. Mamedov ◽  
Ar.S. Chertikhina ◽  
A.R. Beznosik ◽  
D.S. Bille
Keyword(s):  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Functional Disorders
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document