Effect of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide on the release of serotonin from the in vitro vascularly perfused small intestine of guinea pig

1989 ◽  
Vol 339 (5) ◽  
pp. 540-545 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Schw�rer ◽  
K. Rack� ◽  
H. Kilbinger
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Vasoactive Intestinal Polypeptide ◽  
Intestinal Polypeptide

Evidence that neuronally released vasoactive intestinal polypeptide inhibits the release of serotonin from enterochromaffin cells of the guinea pig small intestine

1991 ◽  
Vol 124 (2) ◽  
pp. 203-207 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kurt Racké ◽  
Harald Schwörer ◽  
Denis V. Agoston ◽  
Heinz Kilbinger
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Vasoactive Intestinal Polypeptide ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Good Evidence ◽  
Muscarine Receptors ◽  
Intestinal Segments ◽  
Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid ◽  
Small Intestinal ◽  
Intestinal Polypeptide

Abstract. Isolated small intestinal segments of the guinea pig were arterially perfused and the release of serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine) and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid into the portal venous effluent was determined by HPLC with electrochemical detection. Test substances were intra-arterially applied. The muscarine receptor agonist oxotremorine (1 μmol/l inhibited the release of 5-hydroxytryptamine by about 50%. In the presence of the neurotoxin tetrodotoxin, oxotremorine enhanced the release of 5-hydroxytryptamine by 145%, indicating that the inhibitory effect of oxotremorine was mediated by the release of a neurotransmitter. Exogenous vasoactive intestinal polypeptide ( 1-100 pmol/l inhibited the release of 5-hydroxytryptamine by about 50%, an effect antagonized by a specific antibody to vasoactive intestinal polypeptide. This antibody to vasoactive intestinal polypeptide, on its own, had no effect on the release of 5-hydroxytryptamine. However, it prevented the inhibitory effect of oxotremorine. In the presence of the antibody to vasoactive intestinal polypeptide, unlike in the presence of tetrodotoxin, oxotremorine did not stimulate the release of 5-hydroxytryptamine. In conclusion, activation of neuronal muscarine receptors in the guinea pig small intestine enhances the release of several neurotransmitters which can inhibit the release of 5-hydroxytryptamine. The present experiments provide good evidence that vasoactive intestinal polypeptide is one of them.

Efffect of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide on gallbladder smooth muscle in vitro.

1978 ◽  
Vol 234 (1) ◽  
pp. E44 ◽  
Author(s):  
J P Ryan ◽  
S Ryave
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Motor Activity ◽  
Vasoactive Intestinal Polypeptide ◽  
Muscle Tone ◽  
Contractile Activity ◽  
Gastrointestinal Hormones ◽  
Resting Tension ◽  
Intestinal Polypeptide

The effect of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) on basal and octapeptide of cholecystokinin (OP-CCK) induced tension was examined with guinea pig gallbladder smooth muscle strips in vitro. VIP alone produced dose-related decreases in resting tension and antagonized spontaneous contractile activity where present. In combination with OP-CCK, VIP decreased the expected contractile respone. The degree of antagonism depended upon the concentrations of OP-CCK and VIP. VIP had no effect on acetylcholine-induced contractions. From these observations, we propose that VIP can affect gallbladder motor activity by decreaseing smooth muscle tone and by antagonizing cholecystokinin. These findings lend further support to our proposal that gallbladder motor function may depend upon the action and interaction of the gastrointestinal hormones.

The effects of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide on the motility of human and guinea pig gallbladder

1984 ◽  
Vol 62 (4) ◽  
pp. 356-359 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas M. Feeley ◽  
Alexander S. Clanachan ◽  
Gerald W. Scott
Keyword(s):  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Spontaneous Activity ◽  
Vasoactive Intestinal Polypeptide ◽  
Human Gallbladder ◽  
Cholecystokinin Octapeptide ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Resting Tone ◽  
Intestinal Polypeptide

The effects of several preparations of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) on the motility of strips of human and guinea pig gallbladder were investigated in vitro. VIP (10−12 to 10−6 M) had no measurable effects on the spontaneous activity, resting tone or cholecystokinin-octapeptide induced tone of human gallbladder strips. However, VIP (10−12 to 10−6 M) caused biphasic effects on the tone of guinea pig gallbladder strips. At low concentrations (10−12 to 10−10 M) contractions were observed that became smaller at higher concentrations (10−9 to 10−8 M). At still higher concentrations (10−7 to 10−6 M) relaxations were elicited. It appears that VIP is not as potent a relaxant of gallbladder muscle as first described. Human gallbladder tissue was totally unresponsive to the VIP preparations tested.

Vasodilator action of guinea pig vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP): comparison with common mammalian VIP

1992 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 163-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Satoru Naruse ◽  
Takashi Inoue ◽  
Tohru Mochizuki ◽  
Noboru Yanaihara
Keyword(s):  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Vasoactive Intestinal Polypeptide ◽  
Vasodilator Action ◽  
Intestinal Polypeptide

Some species differences in the intrinsic factor stimulation of B12 uptake by small intestine in vitro

1959 ◽  
Vol 197 (4) ◽  
pp. 926-928 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Hastings Wilson ◽  
Elliott W. Strauss
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Species Differences ◽  
Intrinsic Factor ◽  
Vitamin B ◽  
Guinea Pig Ileum ◽  
Rat Intestine ◽  
Intrinsic Factors ◽  
Stimulation Of

Sacs of everted small intestine from a variety of animals were incubated in bicarbonate-saline containing vitamin B12 with and without intrinsic factor (IF). B12 uptake by rat intestine was stimulated only by its own intrinsic factor. Guinea pig ileum responded to all intrinsic factors tested (guinea pig, rat, hog, hamster, human being and rabbit). The intestines of hamster and rabbit were intermediate in specificity, responding to some, but not all, of the IF preparations. Species differences occur in both the intestine and intrinsic factor preparations. The guinea pig ileum was suggested as a possible assay for both hog and human IF.

Autoradiographic distribution of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide receptors in rabbit and rat small intestine

Peptides ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hassan Sayadi ◽  
John W. Harmon ◽  
Terry W. Moody ◽  
Louis Y. Korman
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Vasoactive Intestinal Polypeptide ◽  
Rat Small Intestine ◽  
Intestinal Polypeptide
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