Toxicity of organic solvents used in situ in microbial fermentation

1995 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 247-252 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ján Marták ◽  
Michal Rosenberg ◽  
Štefan Schlosser ◽  
L'udmila Krištofíková
Keyword(s):  
Organic Solvents ◽  
Microbial Fermentation

Novel environment friendly olive pomace-cyclohexanone formaldehyde composite resin

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Selda Sert ◽  
Nilgün Kızılcan
Keyword(s):  
Organic Solvents ◽  
Condensation Reaction ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Composite Resins ◽  
Formaldehyde Resin ◽  
Olive Pomace ◽  
Adhesion Properties ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Naoh Solution

Purpose Cyclohexanone-formaldehyde resin (CFR) was in situ modified with olive pomace (OP) in the presence of sodium hydroxide. The purpose of this study is to produce eco-friendly OP modified cyclohexanone composite resins (OPCFCR) with a one-step method that has higher condensation reaction temperature than CFR. The water absorption properties, gloss value and cross-cut adhesion properties of the product were investigated. Design/methodology/approach Cyclohexanone, formalin (37% aqueous solution) and tannin were mixed and 20% aqueous NaOH solution was added to produce the resin. OP has environmentally friendly bio-based lignin, cellulose and phenolic compounds and the OP structure has been incorporated into the structure of the CFR resin during the in situ modification, such as resole resin and polysaccharide. The weights of pomace were used as 5% and 10% of the weight of cyclohexanone in cyclohexanone-formaldehyde composite resins, respectively. Findings There is an improvement in the properties of the OPCFCR produced from an agricultural waste that is very abundant in Gulf of Edremit region of Balikesir. The OPCFCRs were soluble in common organic solvents. The product OPCFCR has a dark red-brown color. Research limitations/implications The reaction mixture must be stirred continuously. Subsequently, 37% formalin was added dropwise in total while refluxing. The amount of aqueous NaOH solution is limited as the formed resin may become insoluble in common organic solvents. At the end of the reaction, a water-insoluble resin is obtained. Practical implications This study provides the application of ketonic resins. The OPCFCR containing phenolic groups may also promote the adhesive strength of a coating. Social implications These resins may be used for the preparation of adhesive. OP, with a large amount of catechol groups, was considered for reducing the formaldehyde emission level on the adhesive system. Originality/value OPCFCR has been synthesized in the presence of a base catalyst. Environmental and ecological concerns have increased the attention paid by chemical industry to renewable raw materials.

In situ organogelation at room temperature: direct synthesis of gelators in organic solvents

2004 ◽  
Vol 2 (8) ◽  
pp. 1155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masahiro Suzuki ◽  
Yasushi Nakajima ◽  
Mariko Yumoto ◽  
Mutsumi Kimura ◽  
Hirofusa Shirai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Solvents ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Direct Synthesis

In Situ Characterization of Binary Mixed Polymer Brush-Grafted Silica Nanoparticles in Aqueous and Organic Solvents by Cryo-Electron Tomography

Langmuir ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 31 (31) ◽  
pp. 8680-8688 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tara L. Fox ◽  
Saide Tang ◽  
Jonathan M. Horton ◽  
Heather A. Holdaway ◽  
Bin Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Silica Nanoparticles ◽  
Organic Solvents ◽  
Electron Tomography ◽  
Polymer Brush ◽  
In Situ Characterization ◽  
Cryo Electron Tomography

scholarly journals High Performance Cation Exchange Membranes Synthesized via In-Situ Emulsion Polymerization Without Organic Solvents and Corrosive Acids

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shanxue Jiang ◽  
Bradley P. Ladewig
Keyword(s):  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Organic Solvents ◽  
High Performance ◽  
In Situ Polymerization ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Porous Support ◽  
Cation Exchange Resins ◽  
Scalable Synthesis ◽  
Exchange Resins

The synthesis of cation exchange membranes (CEMs) usually involves using organic solvents and/or sulfonation process. In this study, rapid and scalable synthesis of high performance CEMs is achieved without organic solvents and sulfonation. The synthesis is carried out via in-situ polymerization of lithium styrene sulfonate in porous support. Different preparation procedures are developed and optimized. Functional sulfonate groups were successfully loaded onto and into the membrane support, as verified by FTIR. Besides, water plays an important role during membrane synthesis. By reducing the amount of water used, the ratio of functional polymers to membrane support in the synthesized CEMs is increased. Therefore, the synthesized CEMs show increased ion exchange capacity (IEC). This is significant because it means that high IEC can be achieved without introducing cation exchange resins to the membranes. Finally, the synthesized membranes demonstrate excellent desalination performance, which is comparable to that of commercial membranes. This new methodology may shed new light on preparing CEMs in an efficient and eco-friendly way.

Selection of organic solvents for in situ extraction of fermentation products fromClostridium thermohydrosulfuricum cultures

1989 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. 315-320 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Job ◽  
Cosima Schertler ◽  
Walter L. Staudenbauer ◽  
Eckhart Blass
Keyword(s):  
Organic Solvents ◽  
In Situ Extraction ◽  
Fermentation Products ◽  
Selection Of

In situ organic solvent-free synthesis of a novel red emitting Mn4+ doped KRbGeF6 phosphor at the room temperature

2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (38) ◽  
pp. 13226-13232 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yajun Jia ◽  
Yuexiao Pan ◽  
Jiawen Zhu ◽  
Xi'an Chen ◽  
Aiyin Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Organic Solvent ◽  
Organic Solvents ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
One Pot ◽  
Exchange Method ◽  
Ion Exchange Method ◽  
Solvent Free Synthesis ◽  
Red Emitting Phosphor

An efficient red emitting phosphor KRbGeF6 : Mn4+ was prepared by an in situ one-pot ion-exchange method at room temperature without organic solvents or HF.

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