Immunocytochemical localization of factor VIII-related antigen in tumors of the human central nervous system

1987 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 269-285 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mitsusuke Miyagami ◽  
Barry H Smith ◽  
Paul E McKeever ◽  
Bibie M Chronwall ◽  
Mary Ann Greenwood ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Factor Viii ◽  
Immunocytochemical Localization ◽  
Human Central Nervous System ◽  
Factor Viii Related Antigen

Sex Differences in Cognition

2019 ◽  
pp. 41-66
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Hampson
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Sex Differences ◽  
Spatial Cognition ◽  
Sex Steroids ◽  
Cognitive Functions ◽  
Laboratory Animals ◽  
Human Central Nervous System ◽  
The Brain

Organizational and activational effects of sex steroids were first discovered in laboratory animals, but these concepts extend to hormonal actions in the human central nervous system. This chapter begins with a brief overview of how sex steroids act in the brain and how the organizational-activational hypothesis originated in the field of endocrinology. It then reviews common methods used to study these effects in humans. Interestingly, certain cognitive functions appear to be subject to modification by sex steroids, and these endocrine influences may help explain the sex differences often seen in these functions. The chapter considers spatial cognition as a representative example because the spatial family of functions has received the most study by researchers interested in the biological roots of sex differences in cognition. The chapter reviews evidence that supports an influence of both androgens and estrogens on spatial functions, and concludes with a glimpse of where the field is headed.

scholarly journals Severe haemophilia A in a preterm girl with Turner syndrome: case report – a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge for a paediatrician (Part 2)

2021 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Berendt Agnieszka ◽  
Wójtowicz-Marzec Monika ◽  
Wysokińska Barbara ◽  
Kwaśniewska Anna
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Family History ◽  
Factor Viii ◽  
Turner Syndrome ◽  
Factor Viii Inhibitor ◽  
Haemophilia A ◽  
Severe Haemophilia ◽  
Prolonged Bleeding ◽  
Increased Risk

Abstract Background Haemophilia A is an X-linked genetic condition which manifests itself mainly in male children in the first 2 years of life, during gross motor skill development. This disorder is rare in females. The clinical manifestation of severe haemophilia in preterm infants poses a great challenge to the therapeutic team. As extreme prematurity is linked to an increased risk of central nervous system or gastrointestinal bleeding, a well-informed and balanced treatment from the first days of life is crucial to prevent long-term damage. Haemophilia is most commonly caused by inheriting defective genes, and can also be linked to skewed X inactivation and Turner syndrome. The coincidental occurrence of haemophilia A and Turner syndrome is extremely rare, with only isolated cases described to date. Hence, a multidisciplinary approach is needed. Case presentation The authors report on a preterm girl (gestational age 28 weeks) diagnosed with haemophilia and Turner syndrome. The first manifestation of haemophilia was prolonged bleeding from injection sites on the second day of life. Indeterminate aPTT and factor VIII level < 1% confirmed the diagnosis of haemophilia A. Dysmorphic features which did not match the typical clinical picture of haemophilia, the female sex, and a negative paternal family history led to the diagnosis of Turner syndrome. While in hospital, the girl received multiple doses of recombinant factor VIII in response to prolonged bleedings from the injection sites and from a nodule on the girl’s head, and before and after retinal laser photocoagulation. No central nervous system or abdominal cavity bleeding was observed. The substitutive therapy was complicated by the development of factor VIII inhibitor (anti-factor VIII (FVIII) antibodies). Treatment was continued with recombinant factor VIIa. This article aims at demonstrating the complexity of the diagnostics and treatment of a preterm child with two genetic disorders. Conclusions Haemophilia should always be considered in the differential diagnosis of prolonged bleeding, even in patients with a negative family history. In the case of coinciding atypical phenotypic features, further diagnostics for another genetic disease are recommended. Infant care should follow current care standards, while considering certain individual features.

Humoral immune responses within the human central nervous system following systemic immunization

1986 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 205-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magnhild Sandberg-Wollheim ◽  
Burton Zweiman ◽  
Arnold I. Levinson ◽  
Robert P. Lisak
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
Human Central Nervous System ◽  
Humoral Immune ◽  
Humoral Immune Responses

Simulations of Synaptic Transmission Using Lattice Boltzmann Methods

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehrak Mahmoudi ◽  
Piroz Zamankhan ◽  
William Polashenski
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Theoretical Model ◽  
Lattice Boltzmann ◽  
Chemical Substance ◽  
Human Central Nervous System ◽  
Lattice Boltzmann Methods ◽  
Nerve Impulses ◽  
System A ◽  
The Central Nervous System

The nervous system remains one of the least understood biological structures due in large part to the enormous complexity of this organ. A theoretical model for the transfer of nerve impulses would be valuable for the analysis of various phenomena in the nervous system, which are difficult to study by experiments. The central nervous system is composed of more than 100 billion neurons, through which information is transmitted via nerve impulses. Nerve impulses are not immediately apparent since each impulse may be blocked during transmission, changed from a single impulse into repetitive impulse, or integrated with impulses from other neurons to form highly intricate patterns. In the human central nervous system, a neuron secretes a chemical substance called a neurotransmitter at the synapse, and this transmitter in turn acts on another neuron to cause excitation, inhibition, or some other modification of its sensitivity.

Expression of NF2-encoded Merlin and Related ERM Family Proteins in the Human Central Nervous System

1997 ◽  
Vol 56 (6) ◽  
pp. 735-742 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anat O. Stemmer-Rachamimov ◽  
Charo Gonzalez-Agosti ◽  
Lin Xu ◽  
Jennifer A. Burwick ◽  
Roberta Beauchamp ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Human Central Nervous System
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