scholarly journals Cosmic-ray diffusive acceleration at shock waves with finite upstream and downstream escape boundaries

Solar Physics ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 167 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 381-394 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Ostrowski ◽  
R. Schlickeiser
Keyword(s):  
Shock Waves ◽  
Cosmic Ray ◽  
Diffusive Acceleration

ENERGY SPECTRUM OF ENERGETIC PARTICLES ACCELERATED BY SHOCK WAVES: FROM FOCUSED TRANSPORT TO DIFFUSIVE ACCELERATION

2011 ◽  
Vol 738 (2) ◽  
pp. 168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pingbing Zuo ◽  
Ming Zhang ◽  
Konstantin Gamayunov ◽  
Hamid Rassoul ◽  
Xi Luo
Keyword(s):  
Energy Spectrum ◽  
Shock Waves ◽  
Energetic Particles ◽  
Diffusive Acceleration

Cosmic-Ray Injection Into Shock-Waves

1981 ◽  
pp. 361-362 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine J. Cesarsky ◽  
Jean-Pierre Bibring
Keyword(s):  
Shock Waves ◽  
Cosmic Ray

COSMOLOGICAL SHOCK WAVES IN THE LARGE SCALE STRUCTURE OF THE UNIVERSE

2013 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
pp. 386-390
Author(s):  
RENYI MA ◽  
DONGSU RYU ◽  
HYESUNG KANG
Keyword(s):  
Shock Waves ◽  
Galaxy Clusters ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
High Redshift ◽  
Cosmic Ray ◽  
Large Scale Structure ◽  
Scale Structure ◽  
Weak Shocks ◽  
The Universe

Based on the cosmological hydrodynamic simulation, we study the properties of shock waves formed during the formation of the large scale structure (LSS) of the universe, and investigate their contribution to the cosmic ray (CR) fraction in the intergalactic medium (IGM). It is found that while strong accretion shocks prevail at high redshift, weak internal shocks become dominant in the intracluster medium (ICM) as galaxy clusters form and virialize at low redshift, z < 1. The accumulated CR proton energy is likely to be less than 10 % of the thermal energy in the ICM, since weak shocks of M ≲ 3 are most abundant. This is consistent with the upper limit constrained by radio and gamma-ray observations of galaxy clusters. In the warm-hot medium (WHIM) inside filaments, CRs and gas could be almost in energy equipartition, since relatively stronger shocks of 5 ≲ M ≲ 10 are dominant there. We suggest that the non-thermal emissions from the CR electrons and protons accelerated by cosmological shock waves could provide a new way to detect the WHIM of the universe.

scholarly journals Shock Waves and Plasma Ejection: Corpuscular and Interplanetary Evidence

1974 ◽  
Vol 57 ◽  
pp. 361-363
Author(s):  
A. J. Hundhausen
Keyword(s):  
Shock Waves ◽  
Solar Flares ◽  
Interplanetary Space ◽  
Space Exploration ◽  
Cosmic Ray ◽  
Geomagnetic Disturbances ◽  
The Past ◽  
Solar Material

The ejection of rapidly-moving solar material into interplanetary space in association with solar flares has been discussed since 1859, when geomagnetic disturbances and auroral displays followed shortly after the first observation of a flare by Carrington and Hodgson. Until the advent of in situ interplanetary observations in the early 1960's, such discussions were based upon the indirect information regarding interplanetary space that could be inferred from geomagnetic or cosmic ray data. The past decade of space exploration has provided a great deal of direct information regarding the interplanetary effects of solar flares and some quantitative implications regarding the nature of transient coronal disturbances.

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