Interaction between life stages in a phytoseiid predator: western flower thrips prey killed by adults as food for protonymphs of Amblyseius cucumeris

1993 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 441-449 ◽  
Author(s):  
Conrad Cloutier ◽  
Susan G. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Western Flower Thrips ◽  
Life Stages ◽  
Amblyseius Cucumeris ◽  
Flower Thrips ◽  
Phytoseiid Predator

Effect of Integrating the Entomopathogenic Fungus (Hypocreales: Cordycipitaceae) and the Rove Beetle (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae) in Suppressing Western Flower Thrips (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) Populations Under Greenhouse Conditions

2019 ◽  
Vol 112 (5) ◽  
pp. 2085-2093
Author(s):  
Yinping Li ◽  
Raymond A Cloyd ◽  
Nora M Bello
Keyword(s):  
Entomopathogenic Fungus ◽  
Frankliniella Occidentalis ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Western Flower Thrips ◽  
Life Stages ◽  
Water Control ◽  
Greenhouse Production ◽  
Flower Thrips ◽  
Rove Beetle

Abstract Western flower thrips, Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande), is a destructive insect pest in greenhouse production systems. Therefore, integrating the entomopathogenic fungus, Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo) Vuillemin, with the soil-dwelling rove beetle, Dalotia coriaria (Kraatz), targeting different aboveground and belowground life stages may help effectively manage western flower thrips populations. Two greenhouse experiments were conducted evaluating five treatments: 1) insecticides (spinosad, pyridalyl, chlorfenapyr, and abamectin), 2) B. bassiana, 3) D. coriaria, 4) B. bassiana and D. coriaria combination, and 5) water control. The estimated mean number of western flower thrips adults captured on yellow sticky cards was significantly lower for the insecticide treatment (mean range: 0–46 western flower thrips adults per yellow sticky card) than the B. bassiana and D. coriaria combination (0.3–105.1 western flower thrips per yellow card) over 8 wk. There were no significant differences in the final foliar damage ratings of chrysanthemum, Dendranthema × grandiflorum (Ramat.) Kitam., plants among the five treatments in experiment 1, but there were significant differences in experiment 2. In experiment 2, chrysanthemum plants across all treatments were not marketable due to western flower thrips feeding damage. Therefore, using B. bassiana and D. coriaria early in production should suppress population growth by targeting both foliar-feeding and soil-dwelling life stages of western flower thrips simultaneously.

UTILIZATION OF WESTERN FLOWER THRIPS ALARM PHEROMONE AS A PREY-FINDING KAIROMONE BY PREDATORS

1993 ◽  
Vol 125 (3) ◽  
pp. 431-437 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.R. Teerling ◽  
D.R. Gillespie ◽  
J.H. Borden
Keyword(s):  
Frankliniella Occidentalis ◽  
Alarm Pheromone ◽  
Western Flower Thrips ◽  
Dodecyl Acetate ◽  
Amblyseius Cucumeris ◽  
Leaf Discs ◽  
Flower Thrips ◽  
Arthropod Predators ◽  
Decyl Acetate

AbstractThe alarm pheromone of the western flower thrips, Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande) (Thysanoptera: Thripidae), is present in the droplet of anal fluid produced by second-instar nymphs when attacked by predators. Because the anal droplet is used in defense against arthropod predators, it was hypothesized that the alarm pheromone (decyl acetate plus dodecyl acetate) acts as a defensive allomone. This hypothesis was refuted by the demonstration that two predators use the pheromone as a prey-finding kairomone. On a leaf arena, Orius tristicolor White (Hemiptera: Anthocoridae) increased its rate of turning in response to the pheromone, and spent 25% of its time within 5 mm of a pheromone source. When given a choice between connected leaf discs containing a pheromone- or solvent-treated wick, Amblyseius cucumeris (Oudemans) (Acarina: Phytoseiidae) spent a greater proportion of time on the pheromone-containing disc, suggesting an arrestment effect.

A cold treatment for postharvest control of western flower thrips on strawberry runners

2005 ◽  
Vol 45 (12) ◽  
pp. 1649
Author(s):  
P. Williams ◽  
K. M. Green ◽  
B. Swanson
Keyword(s):  
Frankliniella Occidentalis ◽  
Cold Treatment ◽  
Western Flower Thrips ◽  
Exposure Period ◽  
Life Stages ◽  
Flower Thrips ◽  
Strawberry Runner ◽  
Potential Strategy ◽  
Postharvest Control ◽  
Leaf Disks

In 1998–99, outbreaks of Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergrande), western flower thrips (WFT), caused extensive damage to strawberry crops in the Yarra Valley, Victoria. These crops were within 30 km of Toolangi where over 80% of certified strawberry runners for Australia are produced. Commercial growers store runners for various periods of time at temperatures as low as –2°C. Cold temperature disinfestation was evaluated as a potential strategy in a contingency plan to prevent the spread of WFT on strawberry runners. Western flower thrips at various life stages on gerbera flowers (on which they were reared), were placed in small bags, made from the plastic liners used in commercial strawberry runner cartons, together with strawberry runners and exposed to –2°C for periods of 1, 2, 4, or 8 weeks. All WFT died within 4 weeks. Additional experiments were conducted in which WFT, in bags with runners or on gerbera leaf disks in petri dishes, were exposed to –2°C for 3 weeks. Only a few WFT survived these treatments; however, they were moribund. When they were assessed 2 days after completion of the exposure period, all WFT were dead. It was concluded that strawberry runners carrying WFT can be disinfested by exposing WFT to –2°C for 4 weeks and that this should be achievable under commercial conditions.

scholarly journals Biocontrol in practice in Canadian floricultural greenhouses

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 544-555
Author(s):  
Poonam Singh ◽  
Tiffany Nykolyshyn
Keyword(s):  
Western Flower Thrips ◽  
Spider Mites ◽  
Biocontrol Agents ◽  
Steinernema Feltiae ◽  
Aphidius Ervi ◽  
Encarsia Formosa ◽  
Canadian Prairie ◽  
Aphidius Colemani ◽  
Amblyseius Cucumeris ◽  
Flower Thrips

Abstract The environment inside Canadian prairie greenhouses differs from greenhouses built in other northern latitude locations in terms of lighting, temperature, humidity, and photoperiod. Since the performance of biocontrol agents depends upon several interactive environmental variables, their effectiveness to control pests in a particular crop growing under certain climatic conditions does not directly translate to another crop or location. So, we analyzed research trials assessing the efficacy and compatibility of various biocontrol agents (Amblyseius cucumeris, Amblyseius cucumeris, Phytoseiulus persimilis, Encarsia formosa, Aphidius colemani, Aphidius ervi, and Steinernema feltiae) on key pests (Western flower thrips, two-spotted spider mites, greenhouse whiteflies, and aphids) of spring bedding plants grown in a commercial floricultural greenhouse. Were analyzed several compatible combinations of biocontrol agents and observed a significant reduction in pest densities and plant damage symptoms as compared to untreated control plants. The results demonstrate that P. persimilis controlled two-spotted spider mites successfully in calibrachoa crop. The combination of Amblyseius cucumeris and S. feltiae resulted in significantly better control of Western flower thrips than the use of Amblyseius cucumeris alone in sweet potato vine plants. The application of E. formosa and Amblyseius cucumeris individually reduced greenhouse whiteflies on calibrachoa plants as compared to control, but their combination performed better resulting in a significantly lower number of whiteflies on plants. Another combination of Aphidius colemani and Aphidius ervi controlled green peach aphids and foxglove aphids effectively on the pansy crop. The biocontrol agents were effective for managing a variety of pests in a commercial greenhouse setting.

COMPETITION BETWEEN ORIUS TRISTICOLOR (WHITE) (HEMIPTERA: ANTHOCORIDAE) AND AMBLYSEIUS CUCUMERIS (OUDEMANS) (ACARI: PHYTOSEIIDAE) FEEDING ON FRANKLINIELLA OCCIDENTALIS (PERGANDE) (THYSANOPTERA: THRIPIDAE)

1992 ◽  
Vol 124 (6) ◽  
pp. 1123-1128 ◽  
Author(s):  
David R. Gillespie ◽  
D.J.M. Quiring
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Frankliniella Occidentalis ◽  
Western Flower Thrips ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
Amblyseius Cucumeris ◽  
Flower Thrips ◽  
Greenhouse Vegetable

AbstractThe competition between Orius tristicoior (White) and Amblyseius cucumeris (Oude-mans), both preying on western flower thrips, Frankliniella occidentaiis (Pergande), was assessed. On single leaves in smail cages, mortality of A. cucumeris due to O. tristicoior was inversely proportional to thrips density; thrips mortality due to O. tristicoior was unaffected by A. cucumeris density. The proportion of A. cucumeris in the prey eaten was consistently less than its proportion in the prey initially available, both when thrips density varied and when A. cucumeris density varied. These relationships held for both immature and adult thrips. These results suggest that O. tristicoior and A. cucumeris could be used simultaneously for biological control of western flower thrips in greenhouse vegetable crops.

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