scholarly journals Optimizing group judgmental accuracy in the presence of interdependencies

Public Choice ◽  
1984 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 329-343 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lloyd Shapley ◽  
Bernard Grofman
Keyword(s):  
Author(s):  
Tera D. Letzring ◽  
David C. Funder

This chapter describes the realistic accuracy model (RAM), starting with a history of its development. It then describes the four moderators of accuracy in personality judgment—good judge, good target, good trait, and good information—and how these moderators interact with each other. Next, it describes the four stages in the process of making accurate judgments, which are relevance, availability, detection, and utilization. Implications of the model for improving judgment accuracy and applications to judgments of states are then discussed. The chapter concludes with suggested directions for future research, including judgments of other levels of personality besides traits, interactions between moderators, the development of judgmental ability, and the consequences of judgmental accuracy.


1996 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
David C. Funder

AbstractThe base rate literature has an opposite twin in the social psychological literature on stereotypes, which concludes that people use their preexisting beliefs about probabilistic category attributes too much, rather than not enough. This ironic discrepancy arises because beliefs about category attributes enhance accuracy when the beliefs are accurate and diminish accuracy when they are not. To determine the accuracy of base rate/stereotype beliefs requires research that addresses specific content.


1975 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth C. Thomas ◽  
Kaoru Yamamoto

Attitudes toward young, middle-age, and old persons were studied in 1000 children (grades 6, 8, 10, 12). Three newspaper photographs were presented to the children, who estimated the persons' ages and wrote stories about each photograph in his preferred order. Scores from a semantic differential which provided three factors, Evaluation, Affect, and Activity-Potency, were used in a three-way analyses of variance to analyze further children's attitudes. The overriding impression from these findings is that these school children do not share the allegedly general, negative attitude toward old age. The age estimates showed judgmental accuracy and were remarkably uniform in both central tendency and variation. The overall order of choice was young person, first; old person, second; and middle-age person, last.


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