Formally real rings and their real closure

1996 ◽  
Vol 70 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 101-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Sankaran ◽  
K. Varadarajan
Keyword(s):  
2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lothar Sebastian Krapp ◽  
Salma Kuhlmann ◽  
Gabriel Lehéricy
Keyword(s):  

Abstract In this paper, we undertake a systematic model- and valuation-theoretic study of the class of ordered fields which are dense in their real closure. We apply this study to determine definable henselian valuations on ordered fields, in the language of ordered rings. In light of our results, we re-examine the Shelah–Hasson Conjecture (specialized to ordered fields) and provide an example limiting its valuation-theoretic conclusions.


2014 ◽  
Vol 474 ◽  
pp. 387-392 ◽  
Author(s):  
Radomír Mendřický

The paper deals with the possibilities of using non-contact 3D measurement systems for the digital capture and subsequent dimensional and shape analysis of multi-part forms. The paper illustrates a practical method of the 3D digitization of two-part moulds using a combination of TRITOP and ATOS optical systems. It introduces dimensional control of the cavity of a mould during its real closure and compares this method to traditional methods of measurement. The analyses carried out show the undeniable benefits of these innovative approaches in practice, because the appropriate use of optical methods often enables the detection of the errors of products and tools which would be impossible to detect using traditional approaches.


1987 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 793-801
Author(s):  
Zofia Adamowicz

In the paper we prove the following theorem:Theorem. There is a model N of open induction in which the set of primes is bounded and N is such that its field of fractions 〈N*, +, ·, <〉 is elementarily equivalent to 〈Q, +, ·, <〉 (the standard rationals).We fix an ω1-saturated model 〈M, +, ·, <〉 of PA. Let 〈M*, +, ·, <〉 denote the field of fractions of M. The model N that we are looking for will be a substructure of 〈M*, +, ·, <〉.If A ⊆ M* then let Ā denote the ring generated by A within M*, Ậ the real closure of A, and A* the field of fractions generated by A. We haveLet J ⊆ M. Then 〈M*, +, ·〉 is a linear space over J*. If x1,…,xk ∈ M*, we shall say that x1,…,xk are J-independent if 〈1, x1,…, xk〉 are J*-independent in the usual sense. As usual, we extend the notion of J-independence to the case of infinite sets.If A ⊆ M* and X ⊆ A, then we say that X is a J-basis of A if X is a maximal subset of A which is J-independent.Definition 1.1. By a J-form ρ we mean a function from (M*)k into M*, of the formwhere q0,…, qk ∈ J*If υ ∈ M, we say that ρ is a υ-form if the numerators and denominators of the qi's have absolute values ≤ υ.


1988 ◽  
Vol 64 (5) ◽  
pp. 163-166
Author(s):  
Teruo Kanzaki ◽  
Yutaka Watanabe

Author(s):  
A.G. Kusraev

The main result states that each positive polynomial p in N variables with coefficients in a unital Archimedean f-ring K is representable as a sum of squares of rational functions over the complete ring of quotients of K provided that p is positive on the real closure of K. This is proved by means of Boolean valued interpretation of Artin's famous theorem which answers Hilbert's 17th problem affirmatively.


1990 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 779-786 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margarita Otero

AbstractWe consider IOpen, the subsystem of PA (Peano Arithmetic) with the induction scheme restricted to quantifier-free formulas.We prove that each model of IOpen can be embedded in a model where the equation has a solution. The main lemma states that there is no polynomial f{x,y) with coefficients in a (nonstandard) DOR M such that ∣f(x,y) ∣ < 1 for every (x,y) Є C, where C is the curve defined on the real closure of M by C: x2 + y2 = a and a > 0 is a nonstandard element of M.


1996 ◽  
Vol 42 (4-6) ◽  
pp. 541-549 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zenon Ligatsikas ◽  
Renaud Rioboo ◽  
Marie Françoise Roy

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