Carbon translocation to the rhizosphere of maize and wheat and influence on the turnover of native soil organic matter at different soil nitrogen levels

1994 ◽  
Vol 161 (2) ◽  
pp. 233-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Liljeroth ◽  
P. Kuikman ◽  
J. A. Van Veen
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrogen Levels ◽  
Native Soil ◽  
Carbon Translocation

scholarly journals Soil nitrogen supply of peat grasslands estimated by degree days and soil organic matter content

2020 ◽  
Vol 117 (3) ◽  
pp. 351-365
Author(s):  
J. Pijlman ◽  
G. Holshof ◽  
W. van den Berg ◽  
G. H. Ros ◽  
J. W. Erisman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Nitrogen ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Nitrogen Supply ◽  
Degree Days ◽  
Soil Organic Matter Content ◽  
Soil Nitrogen Supply

Microbial Degradation of Five Substituted Urea Herbicides

Weed Science ◽  
1969 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Don S. Murray ◽  
Walter L. Rieck ◽  
J. Q. Lynd
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Microbial Degradation ◽  
Avena Sativa ◽  
High Nitrogen ◽  
Herbicide Degradation ◽  
Nitrogen Levels ◽  
Degradation Rates ◽  
Residual Herbicide ◽  
Substituted Urea

Phytotoxicity of five substituted urea herbicides 3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1,1-dimethylurea (diuron), 3-(p-chlorophenyl)-1,1-dimethylurea (monuron), 3-phenyl-1,1-dimethylurea (fenuron), 3-hexahydro-4,7-methanoindan-5-yl) −1,1-dimethylurea (norea), and 3-(m-trifluoromethylphenyl)-1,1-dimethylurea (fluometuron) at 0, 10, 100, and 1000 ppm were determined in factorial combination at four urea nitrogen levels of 0, 45, 450, and 900 ppm with three Aspergilli: A. niger, A. sydowi, and A. tamarii. Response interactions were apparent, with all three fungi most tolerant for fenuron and least for diuron. Apparent tolerance order of the three intermediates were: A. niger, norea > fluometuron > monuron; A. sydowi, fluometuron > monuron > norea; and A. tamarii, fluometuron > norea > monuron. Oat (Avena sativa L.) bioassay for residual herbicide toxicity indicated significant differences in herbicide degradation rates between these three fungi at 5, 10, and 20 ppm in Eufaula sand. Diuron was more rapidly degraded than monuron at these levels with fluometuron and norea somewhat intermediate. A. niger was most effective in degradation of these herbicides with A. tamarii greater than A. sydowi. High nitrogen levels in soil organic matter amendment generally favored increased rates of urea herbicide degradation.

scholarly journals The chemical nature of nitrogen in native soil organic matter

1993 ◽  
Vol 80 (5) ◽  
pp. 219-221 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Knicker ◽  
R. Fr�nd ◽  
H. -D. L�demann
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Chemical Nature ◽  
Native Soil

scholarly journals Using Bulk Soil Radiocarbon Measurements to Estimate Soil Organic Matter Turnover Times: Implications for Atmospheric CO2 Levels

Radiocarbon ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 181-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin G. Harrison
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Carbon ◽  
Carbon Storage ◽  
Organic Matter Turnover ◽  
Native Soil ◽  
Soil Organic Matter Turnover ◽  
Anthropogenic Nitrogen ◽  
Derivatives Of ◽  
Anthropogenic Nitrogen Deposition

Although soil contains about three times the amount of carbon present in the preindustrial atmosphere, determining how perturbations (e.g., changing land use, CO2 fertilization, changing climate and anthropogenic nitrogen deposition) alter soil carbon storage and influence atmospheric CO2 levels has proved elusive. Not knowing the soil carbon turnover times causes part of this uncertainty. I outline a strategy for using radiocarbon measurements to estimate soil organic matter turnover times and inventories in native soil. The resulting estimates of carbon exchange produce reasonable agreement with measurements of CO2 fluxes from soil. Furthermore, derivatives of the model are used to explore soil carbon dynamics of cultivated and recovering soil. Because the models can reproduce observed soil 14C measurements in native, cultivated, and recovering ecosystems (i.e., the underlying assumptions appear reasonable), the native model was modified to estimate the potential rate of additional carbon storage because of CO2 fertilization. This process may account for 45–65% of the “missing CO2 sink.”

scholarly journals Experimental evidence for sequestering C with biochar by avoidance of CO2emissions from original feedstock and protection of native soil organic matter

GCB Bioenergy ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 512-526 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. M. S. K. Herath ◽  
M. Camps-Arbestain ◽  
M.J. Hedley ◽  
M.U.F. Kirschbaum ◽  
T. Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Experimental Evidence ◽  
Native Soil

scholarly journals Organic Carbon Decomposition in Soil Amended With Organic Compost From Slaughterhouse Residues

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 7
Author(s):  
Magnum de Sousa Pereira ◽  
Julius Blum ◽  
Henrique Antunes de Souza ◽  
Carlos Kenji Taniguchi
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Nonlinear Models ◽  
Soil Protection ◽  
K Value ◽  
Carbon Decomposition ◽  
Native Soil ◽  
Compost Application ◽  
Organic Compost ◽  
Native Organic Matter

Decomposition kinetic of applied compost in soil depends on the decomposition rate coefficient (k), environmental conditions and the interactions with soil. However, studies with the aim of determining k values for different materials rarely consider interactions with soil. The objective of the current study was to estimate k value of an organic compost, considering the interactions with the soil. Samples of soil mixed with compost were incubated in hermetic recipients for 126 days and evolved C-CO2 was quantified. Nonlinear models proposed in the present study were fitted to evolved C-CO2 data. Better fitting was found in a model that divided the soil organic matter in four pools (labile and recalcitrant native soil organic matter; protected and unprotected added organic matter), values of k on both native organic matter pools were multiplied by a constant denominated priming (pr) only in the cases where the compost was added to the soil and the amount of C in the protected pool is limited to the soil protection capacity. Organic compost produced using carcasses, sheepfold residues and slaughterhouse residues presented k value equal to 0.01179 day-1 at 31 oC without water stress. Compost application increased in 9.8% the decomposition of the native soil organic matter.

Mineralizable soil nitrogen and labile soil organic matter in diverse long-term cropping systems

2011 ◽  
Vol 90 (2) ◽  
pp. 253-266 ◽  
Author(s):  
John T. Spargo ◽  
Michel A. Cavigelli ◽  
Steven B. Mirsky ◽  
Jude E. Maul ◽  
John J. Meisinger
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Nitrogen ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Labile Soil Organic Matter
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