The relationship between species richness and standing crop in wetlands: the importance of scale

Vegetatio ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 79 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 99-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dwayne R. J. Moore ◽  
Paul A. Keddy
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Standing Crop ◽  
The Relationship

Species richness – standing crop relationships along four lakeshore gradients: constraints on the general model

1989 ◽  
Vol 67 (6) ◽  
pp. 1609-1617 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irene C. Wisheu ◽  
Paul A. Keddy
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Nova Scotia ◽  
Soil Fertility ◽  
General Model ◽  
Standing Crop ◽  
Clay Content ◽  
Lower Proportion ◽  
Loss On Ignition ◽  
Habitat Variation ◽  
The Relationship

The applicability of a model describing the relationship between species richness and standing crop and litter was tested in each of four lakeshore habitats within Wilsons Lake, Nova Scotia. The shapes of the curves describing the species richness – standing crop relationships in the four habitats were significantly different. Standing crop and litter values were positively correlated with measured indices of soil fertility (loss on ignition and silt and clay content) and negatively correlated with disturbance as determined by the location of the shrub zone and overwinter damage to wooden pegs. Sites with high standing crop had a lower proportion of biomass composed of evergreen and isoetid species than the proportion in sites where standing crop was low. The among habitat variation observed in this study, and the variation in published values of standing crop values yielding maximum species richness, limit the accuracy of predictions from this model. Steps for refinement are suggested.

scholarly journals Relationships between resource availability and elevation vary between metrics creating gradients of nutritional complexity

Oecologia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 195 (1) ◽  
pp. 213-223
Author(s):  
Mark A. Lee ◽  
Grace Burger ◽  
Emma R. Green ◽  
Pepijn W. Kooij
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Resource Availability ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Plant Species Richness ◽  
Mineral Contents ◽  
Nutritive Values ◽  
Animal Community ◽  
Nutritional Chemistry ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractPlant and animal community composition changes at higher elevations on mountains. Plant and animal species richness generally declines with elevation, but the shape of the relationship differs between taxa. There are several proposed mechanisms, including the productivity hypotheses; that declines in available plant biomass confers fewer resources to consumers, thus supporting fewer species. We investigated resource availability as we ascended three aspects of Helvellyn mountain, UK, measuring several plant nutritive metrics, plant species richness and biomass. We observed a linear decline in plant species richness as we ascended the mountain but there was a unimodal relationship between plant biomass and elevation. Generally, the highest biomass values at mid-elevations were associated with the lowest nutritive values, except mineral contents which declined with elevation. Intra-specific and inter-specific increases in nutritive values nearer the top and bottom of the mountain indicated that physiological, phenological and compositional mechanisms may have played a role. The shape of the relationship between resource availability and elevation was different depending on the metric. Many consumers actively select or avoid plants based on their nutritive values and the abundances of consumer taxa vary in their relationships with elevation. Consideration of multiple nutritive metrics and of the nutritional requirements of the consumer may provide a greater understanding of changes to plant and animal communities at higher elevations. We propose a novel hypothesis for explaining elevational diversity gradients, which warrants further study; the ‘nutritional complexity hypothesis’, where consumer species coexist due to greater variation in the nutritional chemistry of plants.

scholarly journals Roles of Spatial Scale and Rarity on the Relationship between Butterfly Species Richness and Human Density in South Africa

PLoS ONE ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. e0124327 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvia Mecenero ◽  
Res Altwegg ◽  
Jonathan F. Colville ◽  
Colin M. Beale
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Species Richness ◽  
Spatial Scale ◽  
Butterfly Species ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Human Density

scholarly journals The influence of forest-forming tree species on diversity and spatial distribution of algae in forest litter

2018 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 72-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yevhen Maltsev ◽  
Irina Maltseva
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Leaf Litter ◽  
Green Algae ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Spatial Organization ◽  
Forest Litter ◽  
Equal Distribution ◽  
Blue Green Algae ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract The forest litter plays a significant role in forest ecosystems. The composition of the litter biota comprises micro- and mesofauna, and a great diversity of microorganisms, including unrecognized algae (eukaryotic representatives and Cyanoprokaryota). The aim of this work was to study the diversity of algae in the different types of forest litters and to clarify the relationship between the algae composition and the forest-forming tree species. Our results show that the pine forest litter is the most appropriate habitat for the development of green and yellow-green algae and that this litter type limits the variety of blue-green ones. The admixture of deciduous leaf litter to pine litter caused an increase in the species richness of blue-green algae and diatoms. The algae were unevenly distributed across the sub-horizons of pine litter. The highest species richness of algae was identified in the enzymatic sub-horizon of litter. The peculiarity of the composition of leaf litter algae was a significant variety of green, yellow-green and blue-green algae. The spatial organization of algae communities in the leaf litter was characterized by equal distribution of algae species in the litter-subhorizons.

The effects of glyphosate and triclopyr on common bryophytes and lichens in northwestern Ontario

1999 ◽  
Vol 29 (7) ◽  
pp. 1101-1111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven G Newmaster ◽  
F Wayne Bell ◽  
Dale H Vitt
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Community Dynamics ◽  
Herbicide Application ◽  
Northwestern Ontario ◽  
Application Rates ◽  
Open Forest ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
The Relationship

The effects of two silvicultural herbicides (Vision®, Release®) on bryophytes and lichens were studied in a harvested boreal mixedwood ecosystem. A completely randomized design with 115 plots of 1 m2 allowed direct comparison between herbicides and their effects on community dynamics. Regression models were used to analyze the relationship between herbicide application rates (0.71-6.72 kg active ingredient/ha) and changes in bryophyte and lichen abundance and species richness for 2 years following herbicide application. Results showed that bryophyte and lichen abundance and species richness decreased after herbicide treatments. In general, herbicide applications reduced the diversity of forest mesophytes and weedy colonizers to an ecosystem with only a few species of colonizers. A combination of clustering techniques and ANOVA were used to divide bryophytes and lichens into three ecologically defined response groups: herbicide-tolerant colonizers, semi tolerant long-term stayers from dry open forest, and sensitive forest mesophytes.

Influence of some physico-chemical variables on wild fish richness beneath sea-cage fish farms in the Aegean Sea, Turkey

2020 ◽  
Vol 100 (7) ◽  
pp. 1171-1179
Author(s):  
Okan Akyol ◽  
Aytaç Özgül ◽  
F. Ozan Düzbastılar ◽  
Halil Şen ◽  
José M. Ortiz de Urbina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Fish Species ◽  
Fish Assemblages ◽  
Wild Fish ◽  
Light Transmittance ◽  
Fish Farms ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Sea Cage ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Cage Fish

AbstractThis study aims to determine the relationship between physico-chemical variables on a seasonal basis and wild fish assemblages beneath sea-cage fish farms. Assemblages of wild fish were counted monthly on two separate days at each of six fish farms between August 2015 and July 2017, by six rapid visual counts (RVC) in 5 minutes with scuba by two divers. Seawater samples were simultaneously taken by a Nansen bottle during the RVC from the fish farm barge. SST (°C), salinity (ppm), dissolved oxygen (mg l−1) and pH were measured by YSI multiparameter, while Secchi disk was also used for light transmittance. Wild fish species richness went up with increasing temperature and salinity in the Izmir region, however, this stopped at about 26°C and about 39 ppm. Wild fish richness increased when the DO was at a level of 7 mg l−1 and the pH at about 7.9 in Izmir. Between 10 and 20 m, light transmittance showed greater wild fish species richness in Izmir region. In contrast, the wild fish species richness of the Muğla region fluctuated more. In terms of wild fish species richness, these fluctuations increased with salinity and DO, while they decreased with SST, pH and light transmittance. However, the range of variation of the recorded physico-chemical variables is rather narrow. The results of the correlation matrix indicate that the relationship between wild fish species richness and pH and SST was statistically significant in Izmir region (P < 0.05).

A dynamic model of biodiversity preservation

1998 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
CHUAN-ZHONG LI ◽  
KARL-GUSTAF LÖFGREN
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Dynamic Model ◽  
Control Model ◽  
Numerical Techniques ◽  
Economic Stability ◽  
State Variable ◽  
Random Threshold ◽  
Biodiversity Preservation ◽  
Resource Stock ◽  
The Relationship

This paper attempts to develop a dynamic model of optimal biodiversity preservation in a stylized ecosystem. Species richness (number of species) is used as a measure of diversity and its interactions with the resource stock, consumptive extraction and preservation efforts are explored using a two-state variable optimal control model. The analysis extends to the implications of a random threshold in species richness and the relationship between ecological and economic stability conditions. Dynamic paths and equilibrium characteristics are illustrated using numerical techniques.

ON THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN REGIONAL AND LOCAL SPECIES RICHNESS: A TEST OF SATURATION THEORY

Ecology ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 89 (7) ◽  
pp. 1921-1930 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian M. Starzomski ◽  
Raenelle L. Parker ◽  
Diane S. Srivastava
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Local Species Richness ◽  
Local Species ◽  
The Relationship
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