Localization ability, latent period and wilting rate in eleven carnation cultivars with partial resistance to Fusarium wilt

Euphytica ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 59 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 165-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. P. Baayen ◽  
C. H. van der Plas
Keyword(s):  
Latent Period ◽  
Fusarium Wilt ◽  
Partial Resistance ◽  
Localization Ability ◽  
Wilting Rate

scholarly journals Relationship Among Genes Conferring Partial Resistance to Leaf Rust (Puccinia triticina) in Wheat Lines CI 13227 and L-574-1

2005 ◽  
Vol 95 (2) ◽  
pp. 198-205 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey S. Lehman ◽  
Karin A. Hanson ◽  
Gregory Shaner
Keyword(s):  
Latent Period ◽  
Maternal Effect ◽  
Partial Resistance ◽  
Puccinia Triticina ◽  
Transgressive Segregation ◽  
Broad Sense ◽  
Broad Sense Heritability ◽  
Degree Of Dominance ◽  
Backcross Populations ◽  
Wheat Lines

This study describes the segregation of genes for resistance to the fungus Puccinia triticina in a cross between partially resistant wheat lines L-574-1 and CI 13227 with two and four genes for resistance, respectively. The objectives of this study were to use parental, F1, F2, and backcross populations to quantify maternal effects, degree of dominance, and transgressive segregation, and to determine whether CI 13227 and L-574-1 share any resistance genes for long latent period or small uredinia. In two experiments conducted in the greenhouse, the uppermost leaf of adult wheat plants was inoculated prior to heading with P. triticina. On days 6 to 21 after inoculation, the number of uredinia that erupted from the leaf surface was counted and used to calculate the mean latent period (MLP). The length and width of five arbitrarily selected uredinia were measured and used to calculate uredinium area. Midparent values, degree of dominance, and broad-sense heritability were calculated for MLP and uredinium area. For experiment A, MLP values for CI 13227, L-574-1, F1, and F2 generations were 12.2, 10.5, 10.2, and 10.6 days, respectively. For experiment B, MLP values for CI 13227, L-574-1, F1, F2, backcross to CI 13227, and backcross to L-574-1 were 12.3, 10.0, 10.6, 10.8, 11.1, and 10.0 days, respectively. The inheritance of long latent period was partially recessive, and no maternal effect was present (P = 0.62 to 0.87 for the comparison of means in reciprocal crosses). Broad-sense heritability for MLP ranged from 0.72 to 0.74, and there was transgressive segregation in the F2 and backcross populations. Uredinia of the F1 generation were slightly larger than uredinia for CI 13227. The inheritance of uredinium size was partially dominant, and no maternal effect was present (P = 0.5 to 0.63). Broad-sense heritability for uredinium area ranged from 0.36 to 0.73 and transgressive segregation was present in the F2 and backcross populations. The results for MLP indicate that lines CI 13227 and L-574 likely share one gene for resistance (based on F1 values) but not two genes (based on the presence of transgressive segregation). CI 13227 and L 574-1 appear to have at least one gene difference for uredinium area. The linear relationship between uredinium area regressed onto MLP was significant (P < 0.001) and r2 values ranged from 0.14 to 0.26. These results indicate that the resistance in CI 13227 and L-574-1 could be combined to create wheat cultivars with greater partial resistance than that possessed by either parent based on MLP or uredinium size.

scholarly journals Specificity of Prehaustorial Resistance to Puccinia hordei and to Two Inappropriate Rust Fungi in Barley

1998 ◽  
Vol 88 (8) ◽  
pp. 856-861 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. J. H. Hoogkamp ◽  
W.-Q. Chen ◽  
R. E. Niks
Keyword(s):  
Latent Period ◽  
Recombinant Inbred ◽  
Partial Resistance ◽  
Recombinant Inbred Lines ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Rust Fungi ◽  
Puccinia Hordei ◽  
High Level ◽  
Early Abortion ◽  
Two Populations

To elucidate the specificity of prehaustorial resistance to inappropriate rust fungi, we studied two populations of recombinant inbred lines of barley that segregated for partial resistance (PR) to Puccinia hordei and for the resistance to the inappropriate rust species P. recondita f. sp. tritici and P. hordei-murini. PR to P. hordei is prehaustorial and nonhypersensitive, and its level can be assessed accurately by measuring the latent period of the fungus. The resistance to the inappropriate rust species is a combination of prehaustorial (nonhypersensitive) and posthaustorial (hypersensitive) mechanisms. The amount of nonhypersensitive, early abortion of P. recondita f. sp. tritici and P. hordei-murini sporelings reflects the degree of prehaustorial defense to the two inappropriate rust species. All lines showing a long latent period of P. hordei also had a relatively high level of early abortion of the growth of P. recondita f. sp. tritici and P. hordei-murini. This indicates that genes for PR to P. hordei are also effective against these two inappropriate rust species. The reverse was not necessarily true; some lines showing a high level of early abortion of P. recondita f. sp. tritici and P. hordei-murini had a low level of PR to P. hordei. Moreover, lines with a similar level of prehaustorial resistance to P. recondita f. sp. tritici could differ considerably in their prehaustorial resistance to P. hordei-murini. This indicates that genes for prehaustorial resistance may exhibit rust species specificity.

scholarly journals Interactions Between Meloidogyne artiellia, the Cereal and Legume Root-Knot Nematode, and Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceris Race 5 in Chickpea

2003 ◽  
Vol 93 (12) ◽  
pp. 1513-1523 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pablo Castillo ◽  
Juan A. Navas-Cortés ◽  
David Gomar-Tinoco ◽  
Mauro Di Vito ◽  
Rafael M. Jiménez-Díaz
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Fusarium Wilt ◽  
Partial Resistance ◽  
Inoculum Density ◽  
Root Knot Nematode ◽  
Fungal Inoculum ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Complete Resistance ◽  
Nematode Eggs ◽  
Root Tissues

In the Mediterranean Basin, Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceris and the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne artiellia coinfect chickpea. The influence of root infection (after inoculation with 20 nematode eggs and second-stage juveniles per gram of soil) by two M. artiellia populations, from Italy and Syria, on the reaction of chickpea lines and cultivars with partial resistance to Fusarium wilt (CA 252.10.1.OM, CA 255.2.5.0, CPS 1, and PV 61) and with complete resistance to F. oxysporum f. sp. ciceris race 5 (CA 334.20.4, CA 336.14.3.0, ICC 14216 K, and UC 27) was investigated under controlled conditions. In genotypes with partial resistance, infection by M. artiellia significantly increased the severity of Fusarium wilt, irrespective of the fungal inoculum density (3,000 or 30,000 chlamydospores per gram of soil), except in cultivar CPS 1 at the lower fungal inoculum density. In genotypes with complete resistance to Fusarium wilt, infection by M. artiellia overcame the resistance to F. oxysporum f. sp. ciceris race 5 in CA 334.20.4 and CA 336.14.3.0 but not in ICC 14216 K, irrespective of the fungal inoculum density, and overcame the resistance in UC 27 only at the higher inoculum density. Infection by the nematode significantly increased the number of propagules of F. oxysporum f. sp. ciceris race 5 in root tissues of genotypes with complete resistance to Fusarium wilt, compared with roots that were not inoculated with the nematode, irrespective of the fungal inoculum density, except in ICC 14216 K, in which this effect occurred only at the higher inoculum density. Reproduction of an M. artiellia population from Syria in the absence of F. oxysporum f. sp. ciceris race 5 was significantly higher than that of a population from Italy in all tested chick-pea genotypes except ICC 14216 K. However, there was no significant difference between the reproduction rates of the two nematode populations in plants infected with F. oxysporum f. sp. ciceris race 5, irrespective of the fungal inoculum density and the reaction of the genotypes to the fungus.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Components of Partial Resistance to Oat Crown Rust Using Digital Image Analysis

Plant Disease ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 87 (6) ◽  
pp. 667-674 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. E. Díaz-Lago ◽  
D. D. Stuthman ◽  
K. J. Leonard
Keyword(s):  
Image Analysis ◽  
Latent Period ◽  
Digital Image ◽  
Partial Resistance ◽  
Digital Image Analysis ◽  
Digital Images ◽  
Crown Rust ◽  
Infection Frequency ◽  
Sources Of Resistance ◽  
Resistance Components

Digital image analysis is an objective and nondestructive method potentially capable of providing accurate and precise estimates of disease resistance components. This study was conducted to quantify components of partial resistance to crown rust through the analysis of sequential digital images of inoculated leaves of adult oat plants, and to compare components found in two sources of resistance unrelated genetically. Uredinium density, relative infection frequency, latent period, days to first pustule appearance, uredinium size, and disease progress rates were assessed on three oat lines (RS-line 3W-C2R-9-3b, MN-841801, Starter) in two greenhouse experiments. Resistant lines had fewer and smaller uredinia, and these appeared later than in the susceptible check. Relative infection frequency, latent period, and uredinium size were equally important components in the expression of the partial resistance to crown rust, and the two sources of resistance could not be differentiated by any of the variables studied. The analysis of sequential digital images of diseased leaves produced precise estimates of partial resistance components and disease progress rates.

scholarly journals Response of a Maize Synthetic to Selection for Components of Partial Resistance to Exserohilum turcicum

Plant Disease ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 90 (7) ◽  
pp. 910-914 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. L. Carson
Keyword(s):  
Latent Period ◽  
Partial Resistance ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Phenotypic Selection ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Lesion Length ◽  
Selection Cycle ◽  
Progress Curve ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Advanced Cycles

A synthetic population of maize (Zea mays) was created from five inbred lines of varying levels of partial resistance to northern leaf blight (NLB). This synthetic was subjected to three cycles of recurrent phenotypic selection with pollen control for either increased latent period or decreased lesion length. A selection intensity of ca. 10% was used in each selection cycle. The original synthetic and three advanced selection cycles for each of the two components of partial resistance were evaluated in field trials in the summers of 1999 and 2001, and in greenhouse trials. Selection for increased latent period was more effective in improving resistance to NLB (20 to 27% gain/cycle) (as measured by area under the disease progress curve [AUDPC]) than was selection for decreased lesion length (14 to 18% gain/cycle). Responses in AUDPC to selection for either component of resistance were linear in the 1999 field trial, but were quadratic (decreased response in advanced cycles) in the 2001 trial. Selection for increased latent period in the field resulted in a 0.6-day increase in latent period per selection cycle when measured in the greenhouse and a 2-day increase per selection cycle when measured in the field. Selection for decreased lesion length in the field did not significantly alter latent period in the greenhouse. These results support using selection for increased latent period as an effective means of improving partial resistance to NLB in maize populations. Decreased lesion length was more difficult to measure and selection based on this criterion was less effective in improving partial resistance.

scholarly journals Effects of Host, Inoculum Concentration, Wetness Duration, Growth Stage, and Temperature on Anthracnose of Lentil

Plant Disease ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 84 (5) ◽  
pp. 544-548 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Chongo ◽  
C. C. Bernier
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Latent Period ◽  
Partial Resistance ◽  
Lens Culinaris ◽  
Growth Stage ◽  
Disease Development ◽  
Colletotrichum Truncatum ◽  
Inoculum Concentration ◽  
Wetness Period ◽  
Conidial Concentration

The effects of concentration of conidia, duration of the wetness period, plant growth stage, and temperature on the development of anthracnose (Colletotrichum truncatum) on lentil (Lens culinaris) were assessed in growth-chamber and greenhouse studies using cv. Indianhead and line 458-57, which have partial resistance, and susceptible cv. Eston. Each genotype was assessed for incubation period (IP), latent period (LP), number of lesions (LN) per stem, and disease severity (DS). Both IP and LP decreased linearly with increasing conidial concentration, wetness duration, and temperature. Both IP and LP also became progressively shorter as the plants aged between 2 to 6 weeks and increased between 6 to 8 weeks after seeding. Both LN and DS increased linearly with increasing inoculum concentration, wetness duration, and temperature. Both LN and DS also increased with plant age between 2 to 4 weeks and decreased between 4 to 8 weeks. The growth stage and temperature required for optimal disease development ranged, respectively, from 4 to 6 weeks and 20 to 24°C when plants were inoculated at a concentration of 4 × 104 conidia/ml and provided with a wetness period of 24 h. Generally, cv. Indianhead and line 458-57 had significantly longer IP and LP and lower LN and DS than cv. Eston.

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