Genetic variation and changes with ontogeny of osmotic adjustment in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.)

Euphytica ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 71-71 (3) ◽  
pp. 201-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. A. Chimenti ◽  
A. J. Hall
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Helianthus Annuus ◽  
Osmotic Adjustment ◽  
Helianthus Annuus L

Lack of genetic variability in French identified races of Plasmopara halstedii, the cause of downy mildew in sunflower Helianthus annuus

1997 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 260-263 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia Roeckel-Drevet ◽  
Véronique Coelho ◽  
Paul Nicolas ◽  
Jeanne Tourvieille ◽  
Denis Tourvieille de Labrouhe
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Helianthus Annuus ◽  
Downy Mildew ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Initial Screening ◽  
Plasmopara Halstedii ◽  
Helianthus Annuus L ◽  
New Races

Downy mildew of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) incitated by Plasmopara halstedii is a potentially devastating disease. We report here the finding of two new races of P. halstedii and also two Apron35S fungicide-resistant isolates of race A. Using the random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) technique as an initial screening for genetic variation within P. halstedii French races, genetic variation was not found between isolates within races 1, A, or B, and very few polymorphisms were distinguished between all French races known today.Key words: Plasmopara halstedii, race, genetic variability, RAPD.

scholarly journals Wild and Cultivated Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) Do Not Differ in Salinity Tolerance When Taking Vigor into Account

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 1013
Author(s):  
Vivian H. Tran ◽  
Andries A. Temme ◽  
Lisa A. Donovan
Keyword(s):  
Helianthus Annuus ◽  
Salinity Tolerance ◽  
Osmotic Adjustment ◽  
Abiotic Stress Tolerance ◽  
Wild Relatives ◽  
Elemental Content ◽  
Growth Responses ◽  
Helianthus Annuus L ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Wild Accessions

Cultivated crops are expected to be less stress tolerant than their wild relatives, leading to efforts to mine wild relatives for traits to increase crop tolerance. However, empirical tests of this expectation often confound tolerance with plant vigor. We assessed whether wild and cultivated Helianthus annuus L. differed for salinity tolerance with 0 and 150 mM NaCl treatments. Salinity tolerance was assessed as the proportional reduction in biomass and as the deviation from expected performance based on vigor. Cultivated accessions had a greater proportional decline in biomass than wild accessions, but proportional decline was positively associated with vigor in both. Thus, wild and cultivated H. annuus did not differ for tolerance when variation in vigor was corrected for statistically. For traits potentially related to tolerance mechanisms, wild and cultivated accessions differed for elemental content and allocation of N, P, K, Mg, Ca, S, Na, Fe, Mn, B, Cu, and Zn for some tissues, biomass allocation, specific leaf area, and leaf succulence. However, these traits were generally unrelated to tolerance corrected for vigor. Osmotic adjustment was associated with tolerance corrected for vigor only in wild accessions where more osmotic adjustment was associated with greater tolerance. Our results for H. annuus suggest that efforts to use wild relatives to enhance crop abiotic stress tolerance will benefit from greater knowledge of traits related to plant growth responses decoupled from vigor, in order to get beyond potential growth-tolerance trade-offs.

scholarly journals OSMOTIC ADJUSTMENT AS A RAPIDLY SCREENING TOOL FOR PRE-FLOWERING DROUGHT TOLERANCE IN SUNFLOWER (Helianthus annuus L.)

2009 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 2115-2125
Author(s):  
M. S. Sultan ◽  
M. Abdel–Moneam ◽  
M. G. M. El–Baz ◽  
M. A. Abdel - Satar
Keyword(s):  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Helianthus Annuus ◽  
Osmotic Adjustment ◽  
Screening Tool ◽  
Helianthus Annuus L

scholarly journals Phylogeography and the Evolutionary History of Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.): Wild Diversity and the Dynamics of Domestication

Genes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian Park ◽  
John M. Burke
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Helianthus Annuus ◽  
Great Plains ◽  
Evolutionary History ◽  
Nucleotide Diversity ◽  
Secondary Development ◽  
Effective Population ◽  
Comprehensive Overview ◽  
Helianthus Annuus L ◽  
History Of

Patterns of genetic variation in crops are the result of selection and demographic changes that occurred during their domestication and improvement. In many cases, we have an incomplete picture of the origin of crops in the context of their wild progenitors, particularly with regard to the processes producing observed levels of standing genetic variation. Here, we analyzed sequence diversity in cultivated sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) and its wild progenitor (common sunflower, also H. annuus) to reconstruct phylogeographic relationships and population genetic/demographic patterns across sunflower. In common sunflower, south-north patterns in the distribution of nucleotide diversity and lineage splitting indicate a history of rapid postglacial range expansion from southern refugia. Cultivated sunflower accessions formed a clade, nested among wild populations from the Great Plains, confirming a single domestication event in central North America. Furthermore, cultivated accessions sorted by market type (i.e., oilseed vs. confectionery) rather than breeding pool, recapitulating the secondary development of oil-rich cultivars during its breeding history. Across sunflower, estimates of nucleotide diversity and effective population sizes suggest that cultivated sunflower underwent significant population bottlenecks following its establishment ~5000 years ago. The patterns inferred here corroborate those from previous studies of sunflower domestication, and provide a comprehensive overview of its evolutionary history.

THE PROBLEM OF SAFE SUNFLOWER (Helianthus annuus L.) USE FOR FOOD AND FODDER PURPOSES (review)

2018 ◽  
Vol 53 (3) ◽  
pp. 485-498
Author(s):  
G.P. Kononenko ◽  
◽  
M.I. Ustyuzhanina ◽  
A.A. Burkin ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Helianthus Annuus ◽  
Helianthus Annuus L

Sunflowers (Helianthus annuus L.) on Top of a Constructed Wetland as an Engineered Ecosystem to Clean Sewage Onsite

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 (2) ◽  
pp. 83-91
Author(s):  
Alfredo Garcia-Perez ◽  
◽  
Mark Harrison ◽  
Bill Grant ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Helianthus Annuus ◽  
Constructed Wetland ◽  
Helianthus Annuus L
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