The effect of cooling seawater effluents of a power plant on growth rate of cultured Gracilaria conferta (Rhodophyta)

Hydrobiologia ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 332 (3) ◽  
pp. 167-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Friedlander ◽  
D. Levy ◽  
H. Hornung
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Power Plant ◽  
Gracilaria Conferta

Fatigue Crack Growth Rate in Low ΔK Range According to the Microstructure and Temperature in P122 Alloy Weldment

2007 ◽  
Vol 353-358 ◽  
pp. 545-548
Author(s):  
Si Yon Bae ◽  
Bum Joon Kim ◽  
Byeong Soo Lim
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Fatigue Crack ◽  
Power Plant ◽  
Crack Growth Rate ◽  
Fatigue Crack Growth ◽  
Crack Growth ◽  
Fatigue Crack Growth Rate ◽  
Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Critical Power ◽  
Fatigue Tests

There exists strong environmental and economic pressure to increase the thermal efficiency of fossil fuel power stations and this has led to a steady increase in operating temperature and pressure resulting in the world wide construction plans for ultra super-critical power plants. Consequently, in order to improve the thermal efficiency of power plant, there has been a strong drive to develop more advanced heat resistant steels with excellent creep, high temperature fatigue and thermal fatigue resistant properties as well as superior oxidation and corrosion resistant properties. In this study, the test material was P122 alloy which was developed for ultra super-critical power plant. To measure the fatigue crack growth rate in low #K range, fatigue tests were performed on the P122 alloy welds by #K decreasing method at three different microstructure (Base metal, HAZ, Weld metal) regions. Microstructure observation and micro-hardness tests performed for all three regions to find the relationship among the crack growth rate, microstructure and hardness. Fatigue tests were performed with compact tension specimens at 600°C, 650°C and 700°C at the loading frequency of 20Hz.

Improving growth rate of microalgae in a 1191m2 raceway pond to fix CO2 from flue gas in a coal-fired power plant

2015 ◽  
Vol 190 ◽  
pp. 235-241 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Cheng ◽  
Zongbo Yang ◽  
Yun Huang ◽  
Lei Huang ◽  
Lizuo Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Power Plant ◽  
Flue Gas ◽  
Raceway Pond

Crack Growth Behavior and Preventive Maintenance for Reactor Internals With Cracks in Tokai-2 Nuclear Power Plant

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takushi Fujino ◽  
Takeshi Terakado ◽  
Koji Dozaki ◽  
Nobuo Ito ◽  
Kunihiro Hasegawa
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Power Plant ◽  
Crack Growth Rate ◽  
Nuclear Power Plant ◽  
Crack Growth ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Crack Growth Behavior ◽  
Initiation And Propagation ◽  
Operating Plant ◽  
Core Shroud

Three cracks assumed to be caused by Stress Corrosion Cracking (SCC) were detected on shroud support of Tokai Daini Nuclear Power Plant (Tokai-2) in 2005. Additional inspections were performed in 2009 and 2011, and additional initiation and propagation of cracks were observed on core shroud and shroud support. Flaw evaluation was performed at each time. The results showed that these structures were allowed to use without repair. There has been a few inspection experiences in Japan, of successive SCC behavior in operating plants. In this paper, the change of crack shape and crack growth rate (CGR) was investigated. The result showed that cracks tend to change its shape as they grow and crack growth rate in an operating plant was below the crack growth disposition line of Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers (JSME) Code. Water Jet Peening for core shroud with cracks was performed in 2011 and Noble Metal Chemical Addition is planned in next cycle to mitigate crack initiation and growth. These preventive maintenances are effective also in cracked surface. It is important to confirm that crack behavior and effect of preventive maintenances in successive inspections.

The threshold energy for atom displacement in fcc metals

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 530-531
Author(s):  
Wilfried Sigle ◽  
Matthias Hohenstein ◽  
Alfred Seeger
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Threshold Energy ◽  
Dislocation Loops ◽  
Absolute Minimum ◽  
Voltage Electron ◽  
Atom Displacement ◽  
Electron Microscopes ◽  
Fcc Metal

Prolonged electron irradiation of metals at elevated temperatures usually leads to the formation of large interstitial-type dislocation loops. The growth rate of the loops is proportional to the total cross-section for atom displacement,which is implicitly connected with the threshold energy for atom displacement, Ed . Thus, by measuring the growth rate as a function of the electron energy and the orientation of the specimen with respect to the electron beam, the anisotropy of Ed can be determined rather precisely. We have performed such experiments in situ in high-voltage electron microscopes on Ag and Au at 473K as a function of the orientation and on Au as a function of temperature at several fixed orientations.Whereas in Ag minima of Ed are found close to <100>,<110>, and <210> (13-18eV), (Fig.1) atom displacement in Au requires least energy along <100>(15-19eV) (Fig.2). Au is thus the first fcc metal in which the absolute minimum of the threshold energy has been established not to lie in or close to the <110> direction.

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