Nematode species abundance patterns and their use in the detection of environmental perturbations

Hydrobiologia ◽  
1984 ◽  
Vol 118 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. M. Platt ◽  
K. M. Shaw ◽  
P. J. D. Lambshead
Keyword(s):  
Species Abundance ◽  
Nematode Species ◽  
Environmental Perturbations ◽  
Abundance Patterns

Species abundance patterns of plants in Swedish semi-natural pastures

Ecography ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 310-317 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asa Eriksson ◽  
Ove Eriksson ◽  
Hans Berglund
Keyword(s):  
Species Abundance ◽  
Abundance Patterns

scholarly journals Remotely Sensed Variables of Ecosystem Functioning Support Robust Predictions of Abundance Patterns for Rare Species

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (18) ◽  
pp. 2086 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salvador Arenas-Castro ◽  
Adrián Regos ◽  
João F. Gonçalves ◽  
Domingo Alcaraz-Segura ◽  
João Honrado
Keyword(s):  
Species Distribution ◽  
Ecosystem Functioning ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Predictive Accuracy ◽  
Species Abundance ◽  
Habitats Directive ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Distribution Models ◽  
Essential Information ◽  
Abundance Patterns

Global environmental changes are affecting both the distribution and abundance of species at an unprecedented rate. To assess these effects, species distribution models (SDMs) have been greatly developed over the last decades, while species abundance models (SAMs) have generally received less attention even though these models provide essential information for conservation management. With population abundance defined as an essential biodiversity variable (EBV), SAMs could offer spatially explicit predictions of species abundance across space and time. Satellite-derived ecosystem functioning attributes (EFAs) are known to inform on processes controlling species distribution, but they have not been tested as predictors of species abundance. In this study, we assessed the usefulness of SAMs calibrated with EFAs (as process-related variables) to predict local abundance patterns for a rare and threatened species (the narrow Iberian endemic ‘Gerês lily’ Iris boissieri; protected under the European Union Habitats Directive), and to project inter-annual fluctuations of predicted abundance. We compared the predictive accuracy of SAMs calibrated with climate (CLI), topography (DEM), land cover (LCC), EFAs, and combinations of these. Models fitted only with EFAs explained the greatest variance in species abundance, compared to models based only on CLI, DEM, or LCC variables. The combination of EFAs and topography slightly increased model performance. Predictions of the inter-annual dynamics of species abundance were related to inter-annual fluctuations in climate, which holds important implications for tracking global change effects on species abundance. This study underlines the potential of EFAs as robust predictors of biodiversity change through population size trends. The combination of EFA-based SAMs and SDMs would provide an essential toolkit for species monitoring programs.

The structure of ground beetle assemblages (Coleoptera: Carabidae) at fig fruit falls (Moraceae) in a terra firme rain forest near Manaus (Brazil)

2001 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 549-561 ◽  
Author(s):  
WILFRIED PAARMANN ◽  
JOACHIM ADIS ◽  
NIGEL STORK ◽  
BURKHARD GUTZMANN ◽  
PHILIPP STUMPE ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rain Forest ◽  
Ground Beetle ◽  
Species Abundance ◽  
Carabid Beetles ◽  
Terra Firme ◽  
Stepping Stones ◽  
Host Trees ◽  
Abundance Patterns ◽  
Beetle Assemblages ◽  
Abundant Genus

The carabid beetle assemblage found feeding on fig fruit falls at night was studied in a terra firme rain forest near Manaus (Amazonia) from July 1991 to August 1996. A total of 8926 carabid beetles were collected on 64 fruit falls from 10 fig species. The most abundant genus was Notiobia with eight species, N. pseudolimbipennis being the most abundant. The Notiobia species comprised 92% of all specimens collected and all feed on small fig seeds. Their species abundance patterns varied considerably between individual fruit falls and during the course of a single fruit fall. However, the species abundance patterns for all Notiobia at all observed fruit falls for each of the two commonest fig species (Ficus subapiculata, F. guianensis), as well as for fruit falls of the remaining fig species, were very similar. Through feeding and breeding experiments and observations of reproductive success by dissection of females, only two of the eight Notiobia species were found to be specialized fig seed feeders, being able to reproduce only on fig fruit falls. The remaining six species of this genus use fig fruit falls as alternate hosts or ‘stepping stones’ between fruit falls of their host trees, which are widely separated both in time and space.

scholarly journals Community structure of tenebrionid beetles in the Ulan Buh Desert (Inner Mongolia, China) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae)

2019 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 193-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yiping Niu ◽  
Guodong Ren ◽  
Giulia Lin ◽  
Letizia Di Biase ◽  
Simone Fattorini
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Plant Cover ◽  
Species Abundance ◽  
Local Environment ◽  
Gobi Desert ◽  
Similar Species ◽  
Abundance Patterns ◽  
Central Asian ◽  
Species Abundance Distributions ◽  
Ulan Buh Desert

Tenebrionids are a conspicuous faunal component of Central Asian deserts, but little is known about their community ecology. We investigated how tenebrionid community structure varied along a vegetational gradient in the Ulan Buh Desert (Gobi Desert). Sampling was done with pitfall traps in three sites with different vegetation cover. Species abundance distributions were fitted by the geometric series model, which expresses the “niche pre-emption” hypothesis. Community structure was investigated using different measures of diversity (number of species, Margaleff richness and Shannon-Weaner index), dominance (Simpson and Berger-Parker indexes) and evenness (Pielou’s index). The observed tenebrionid species richness was similar to that known from other Gobi Desert sites. The three investigated sites have similar species-abundance patterns, but the most dominant species varied among them. This suggests that the local environment operates a filtering action on the same basic fauna, allowing different species to dominate under different conditions. Overall, the highest total abundance was observed in the true desert site, however this site had a community structure similar to that observed in the site with more vegetation. By contrast, the investigated site with intermediate conditions showed a higher diversity and evenness, and a lower dominance. Thus, intermediate conditions of plant cover favour tenebrionid diversity, whereas a dense cover or a very sparse cover increases the dominance.

Gastric Nematode Communities in Lizards From the Great Victoria Desert, and an Hypothesis for Their Evolution

1995 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 141 ◽  
Author(s):  
HI Jones
Keyword(s):  
Host Species ◽  
Species Abundance ◽  
Nematode Species ◽  
Geographical Range ◽  
Infection Prevalence ◽  
Intermediate Hosts ◽  
Epidemiological Evidence ◽  
Lizard Species ◽  
Evolutionary Phase ◽  
Paratenic Hosts

This study examines the biology of gastric nematodes in two communities of lizards from the Great Victoria Desert, and develops an hypothesis for their evolution. Abbreviata antarctica A. hastaspicula, A, levicauda, A. tumidocapitis, Skrjabinoptera goldmanae, Kreisiella chrysocampa, Physalopteroides filicauda, Wanaristrongylus ctenoti and W. papangawurpae were recovered from 3023 lizards of 45 species from two different habitats. Genera in the Physalopterinae (Abbreviata, Skrjabinoptera and Kreisiella) exhibited narrow host specificities, Abbreviara and Skrjabinoptera occurring as adults only in larger host species (Varanus gouldii, V. tristis and Pogona minor). P. filicauda and encysted larvae of Physalopterinae occurred widely in the smaller lizard species in all five families represented. Eight of the nine nematode species were recovered from both lizard populations, and differences in prevalence and number of host species infected are discussed in terms of core hosts providing an infective pool. Associations were derived between parameters of infection (prevalence, intensity and abundance) and host size across and within species; abundance of nematodes in Ctenotus skinks correlated with host geographical range. Epidemiological evidence is presented that suggests that termites are intermediate hosts to species of Physalopterinae, and that Orthoptera may be intermediate hosts to P.filicauda. It is suggested that species in the Physalopterinae arose in smaller lizards (where they are now represented by the morphologically primitive Kreisiella), and that they were acquired by large predatory species by host capture, and in which they are now speciating. The small lizards now act as paratenic hosts to their larvae, and the niches left vacant have been occupied by P. filicauda. It is concluded that P.filicauda is at an early non-interactive phase and that Abbreviata and Skrjabinoptera are at an evolutionary phase, and are evolving along with their hosts. Thus, the two principal nematode groups arose at different times in response to the radiation and ecology of their hosts, and are at different stages in their own evolution.

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