Decomposition and nitrogen dynamics of fine roots of Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) at different sites

1995 ◽  
Vol 168-169 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krista Lõhmus ◽  
Mari Ivask
Keyword(s):  
Picea Abies ◽  
Norway Spruce ◽  
Fine Roots ◽  
Nitrogen Dynamics

scholarly journals Differences in fine root traits between Norway spruce (Picea abies [L.] Karst.) and European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) – A case study in the Kysucké Beskydy Mts

2009 ◽  
Vol 55 (No. 12) ◽  
pp. 556-566 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Konôpka
Keyword(s):  
Picea Abies ◽  
Norway Spruce ◽  
Fagus Sylvatica ◽  
Seasonal Dynamics ◽  
Fine Roots ◽  
Fine Root ◽  
Root Traits ◽  
European Beech ◽  
Root Turnover ◽  
Mortality Ratio

Interspecific comparisons of the fine root “behaviour” under stressful situations may answer questions related to resistance to changing environmental conditions in the particular tree species. Our study was focused on Norway spruce (<I>Picea abies</I> [L.] Karst.) and European beech (<I>Fagus sylvatica</I> L.) grown in an acidic soil where acidity was caused by past air pollution in the Kysucké Beskydy Mts., North-Western Slovakia. Between April and October 2006, the following fine root traits were studied: biomass and necromass seasonal dynamics, vertical distribution, production, mortality, fine root turnover and production to mortality ratio. Sequential soil coring was repeatedly implemented in April, June, July, September, and October including the soil layers of 0–5, 5–15, 15–25, and 25–35 cm. Results indicated that spruce had a lower standing stock of fine roots than beech, and fine roots of spruce were more superficially distributed than those of beech. Furthermore, we estimated higher seasonal dynamics and also higher turnover of fine roots in spruce than in beech. The production to mortality ratio was higher in beech than in spruce, which was hypothetically explained as the effect of drought episodes that occurred in July and August. The results suggested that the beech root system could resist a physiological stress better than that of spruce. This conclusion was supported by different vertical distributions of fine roots in spruce and beech stands.

scholarly journals Structure and functions of the types of Norway spruce (Picea abies[L.] Karst.) roots 

2012 ◽  
Vol 51 (No. 7) ◽  
pp. 305-311 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Gebauer ◽  
M. Martinková
Keyword(s):  
Picea Abies ◽  
Norway Spruce ◽  
Fine Roots ◽  
Mechanical Load ◽  
Mutual Position ◽  
Histological Structure ◽  
Tree Roots ◽  
Herb Species ◽  
Structure And Functions ◽  
Forest District

The aim of the study was to describe variability of the structure of roots in Norway spruce (Picea abies [L.] Karst.) from their growth tips to the stem foot, i.e. anchor roots in relation to their changing functions. Histology and anatomy of plant organs were dealt with by the innumerable number of authors and fundamentals of knowledge in these disciplines have become the self-evident part of botany textbooks. The description of primary and secondary structure of roots is explained in many textbooks by means of drawings depicting the mutual position of particular systems of tissues. However, it refers mostly to the structure of herb roots in either Magnoliophytes or Liliophytes. Naturally, the structure of tree roots does not substantially differ from herb species. A certain problem is related to the secondary thickening of roots, their ramification, anastomosis and changes in the structure which are enforced by tension and pressure forces; these forces affect the roots during their mechanical load, e.g. by solifluction, soil load and compaction or through their above-ground systems. Trees can be stressed by wind gusts, snow cover, glazed frost and a number of other factors. Therefore, the structure of roots changes in the course of time as well as due to the increasing weight of the stem and crown. In terms of histological structure Norway spruce roots were studied within a forest stand in the area of the Křtiny Training Forest Enterprise, viz. Vranov Forest District (49&deg;19&acute;484&acute;&acute;N, 16&deg;47&acute;629&acute;&acute;E). Root systems were exposed with an air blast using the AIR-SPADE tool (nadezhdina, čerm&aacute;k 2003) and cuts of buttress roots, horizontal roots, root anastomosis and fine roots were selected. Histological studies were focused on manual transversal cuts of fine roots.

scholarly journals Fine roots of overstory Norway spruce (Picea abies):

2011 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 407 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Catalin Petritan ◽  
B. Von Lupke ◽  
A. M. Petritan
Keyword(s):  
Picea Abies ◽  
Norway Spruce ◽  
Fine Roots

scholarly journals Decline of Norway spruce in the Krkonoše Mts.

2010 ◽  
Vol 56 (No. 8) ◽  
pp. 361-372 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Mauer ◽  
E. Palátová
Keyword(s):  
Picea Abies ◽  
Norway Spruce ◽  
Natural Regeneration ◽  
Fine Roots ◽  
National Park ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Root Systems ◽  
Lower Number ◽  
Humus Horizons

The paper summarizes results from the analyses of Norway spruce (Picea abies [L.] Karst.) stands managed by the Forest Administration in Horn&iacute; Mar&scaron;ov, Krkono&scaron;e National Park (KRNAP), which are affected by decline and by yellowing of the assimilatory apparatus. Forest stands included in the analyses were aged 10&ndash;80 years and originated from both artificial and natural regeneration. Analyses of root systems were combined with analyses of soil chemical properties and assimilatory organs, weather conditions and emissions. The analyses showed that affected trees had small and malformed anchoring root systems with a lower number of horizontal roots and a lower number of fine roots of lower vitality (high proportion of dead fine roots), which penetrated only through the uppermost humus horizons. Root systems of affected trees are infested by the honey fungus (Armillaria sp.), which colonizes anchor roots. Neither root nor bole rots were detected so far.

scholarly journals Bioelement contents in the planting stock tissues of Norway spruce (Picea abies /L./ Karst.) and European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) after excessive N and Mg fertilization

2008 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 259-266
Author(s):  
Eva Palátová ◽  
Oldřich Mauer ◽  
Jiří Libus
Keyword(s):  
Picea Abies ◽  
Norway Spruce ◽  
Fagus Sylvatica ◽  
Fine Roots ◽  
Small Diameter ◽  
European Beech ◽  
N Fertilization ◽  
Fagus Sylvatica L ◽  
Second Year ◽  
Mg Content

The paper informs of N, P, K, Ca and Mg-contents in the selected organs (tissues) of 4-year old Norway spruce (Picea abies /L./ Karst.) and 3-year old European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) transplants after two years of Mg fertilization (100 kg Mg.ha−1.year−1) in the form of magnesium sulphate, and N fertilization (100 kg N.ha−1.year−1) in the form of ammonium sulphate. Analyses of buds, needles/leaves, bark and wood of above-ground part, fine roots (≤ 1 mm) and small-diameter roots (> 1 mm) showed that the greatest amounts of uptaken nutrients are in both tree species stored in assimilatory organs and in buds. The increased supply of nitrogen showed most in small-diameter roots (spruce), and in root-wood, and wood of stem and branches (beech). The two species responded to the increased supply of magnesium by increasing the bioelement content in root-wood and in fine roots. The increase of Mg-content in leaves occurred only in the second year of the fertilization.

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