Heat tolerance in food legumes as evaluated by cell membrane thermostability and chlorophyll fluorescence techniques

Euphytica ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 88 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ancha Srinivasan ◽  
Hiroyuki Takeda ◽  
Toshihiro Senboku
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll Fluorescence ◽  
Cell Membrane ◽  
Heat Tolerance ◽  
Fluorescence Techniques ◽  
Food Legumes ◽  
Membrane Thermostability ◽  
Cell Membrane Thermostability

scholarly journals Heat Tolerance in Sugarcane: Optimum Temperature and Phenological Stage to Determination of Thermotolerance as Selection Criteria

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 135
Author(s):  
Sergio Castro-Nava ◽  
Rafael Delgado-Martínez ◽  
Jose Manuel García-Girón
Keyword(s):  
Cell Membrane ◽  
Heat Tolerance ◽  
Cell Injury ◽  
High Temperature Stress ◽  
Maturity Stage ◽  
Juice Quality ◽  
Phenological Stages ◽  
Membrane Thermostability ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Cell Membrane Thermostability

Heat stress is the major abiotic stressor in agriculture which reduces crop productivity and yield. Six sugarcane (Sacharum officinarum L.) genotypes were studied to investigate the impact of three temperature levels at four phenological stages on tissue electrolyte production and the feasibility of using the cell thermostability method (CTM) for the identification and selection of heat tolerant sugarcane genotypes. The cell membrane thermostability was quantified by measuring relative cell injury percentage with a modification in the temperature treatment on four phenological stages in a field experiment. Our results suggest that heat tolerance based on cell membrane thermostability can be improved using the existing genetic variability available within the commercial or experimental sugarcane germplasm. We conclude that the cell membrane thermostability test can be a useful screening procedure for selecting sugarcane genotypes that tolerate high temperature stress. The test can be used in conjunction with a temperature trait of 60 °C during the maturity stage. This procedure predicts the ability of sugarcane genotypes to maintain yield and juice quality under stressful field conditions.

Developing controlled environment screening for high-temperature tolerance in cotton that accurately reflects performance in the field

2012 ◽  
Vol 39 (8) ◽  
pp. 670 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicola S. Cottee ◽  
Michael P. Bange ◽  
Iain W. Wilson ◽  
Daniel K. Y. Tan
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll Fluorescence ◽  
Gas Exchange ◽  
Cell Membrane ◽  
Heat Tolerance ◽  
Membrane Integrity ◽  
Screening Tools ◽  
Cultivar Differences ◽  
Physiological Performance ◽  
Cell Membrane Integrity ◽  
Multi Level

In this study we investigated the heat tolerance of high yielding Australian cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) cultivars using a multi-level approach encompassing physiological assays and measurements of performance. Two cultivars with known field performance were evaluated for heat tolerance under optimal (32°C) and high (42°C) temperatures in a growth cabinet with a cell membrane integrity assay. Impacts of temperature on growth were evaluated with leaf level measurements of gas exchange and chlorophyll fluorescence. To extend the multi-level approach, the expression of a Rubisco activase regulating gene (GhRCAα2) was also determined. Consistent with previously determined differences in the field, cultivar Sicot 53 outperformed Sicala 45 for the cell membrane integrity assay; this finding was reflective of cultivar differences in gas exchange and chlorophyll fluorescence. Cultivar differences were also consistent for expression of GhRCAα2, which may also help explain differences in physiological performance, particularly photosynthesis. This study reaffirmed that physiological and molecular assays were sufficiently sensitive to resolve genotypic differences in heat tolerance and that these differences translate to physiological performance. By comparing performance under high temperatures in the growth cabinet and field, this approach validates the use of rapid screening tools in conjunction with a multi-level approach for heat tolerance detection.

scholarly journals Garden Chrysanthemum Cell Membrane Thermostability and Flowering Heat Delay Differences Among U.S. and South Korean Germplasm

HortScience ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 216-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neil O. Anderson ◽  
Mi-kyoung Won ◽  
Dong-chan Kim
Keyword(s):  
Cell Membrane ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Phenotypic Traits ◽  
University Of Minnesota ◽  
Flower Bud ◽  
Greenhouse Production ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Long Day ◽  
Membrane Thermostability ◽  
Cell Membrane Thermostability

Global warming has created increased nighttime temperatures both in field and greenhouse production of chrysanthemums during flower bud initiation (FBI) and development, causing heat delay or complete cessation of flowering. Integration of breeding and selection for heat delay insensitivity (HDI) has become imperative for greenhouse (cut, potted types) and must be accomplished on a genotypic basis, similar to winterhardiness. This is a breeding objective in the joint garden chrysanthemum breeding project between the Chungnam Provincial Agricultural Research and Extension Services and the University of Minnesota. The objectives of this research were to test 10 genotypes (cultivars, seedlings) from both breeding programs when grown in low-temperature (LT) and high-temperature (HT) short-day (SD) and long-day (LD) conditions (four environments: LTSD, LTLD, HTSD, and HTLD); determine the extent of heat delay and HDI for visible bud date (VBD), flowering, and other phenotypic traits; evaluate relative injury (RI) and cell membrane thermostability (CMT), and to select future parents with lowered RI values, higher CMT, shorter heat-induced flowering delay, and/or HDI. ‘Magic Ball’ and ‘Minnwhite’ had the shortest plant height in HTLD and HTSD, whereas ‘Geumbangul’ had stability for height in all treatments. Lowest long day leaf numbers (LDLN) occurred under LTSD in seven genotypes. However, both ‘Geumbangul’ and ‘Magic Ball’ had complete stability for LDLN across all environments. Sigmoid curves for RI% and temperature were found for all genotypes and environments with R2 = 0.79–0.89. Only ‘Mellow Moon’ had stability or equal VBDs in HTSD, LTSD, and LTLD conditions. This is the first-ever report of stability for VBD across inductive and noninductive HT/LT treatments. Only ‘Centerpiece’ flowered in all environments and also had 0 day of heat for VBD in LT and 1 day of heat delay in HT, as well as three others (Mn. Sel’n. 01-210-43, ‘Autumn Fire’, and ‘Geumbangul’). Few had linear regressions with positive slopes for heat-induced VBD or flowering delay regressed with RI%; most had no slope (R2 ≈ 0.0) for all treatments (‘Centerpiece’, Mn. Sel’n. 01-210-43), whereas others were negative (‘Mammoth™ Dark Bronze Daisy’, Flw LTLD–LTSD). Surprisingly, one linear regression had a slope of R2 = 1.0 (‘Geumbangul’, Flw LTLD–LTSD). These responses are all novel in chrysanthemums. Selecting the best parents in both breeding programs to maximize stability of all traits across these four environments with minimal crossing and selection across generations could be accomplished by stacking parental traits. A crossing scheme involving just three parents is proposed to incorporate stability for all traits in just a few generations.

Trinexapac-ethyl influence on cell membrane thermostability of Kentucky bluegrass leaf tissue

2002 ◽  
Vol 92 (2) ◽  
pp. 183-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neil L. Heckman ◽  
Garald L. Horst ◽  
Roch E. Gaussoin ◽  
Brett T. Tavener
Keyword(s):  
Cell Membrane ◽  
Leaf Tissue ◽  
Kentucky Bluegrass ◽  
Membrane Thermostability ◽  
Cell Membrane Thermostability

scholarly journals Heat Tolerance and Flowering-heat-delay Sensitivity in Relation to Cell Membrane Thermostability in Chrysanthemum

2008 ◽  
Vol 133 (6) ◽  
pp. 754-759 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ching-Hsueh Wang ◽  
Der-Ming Yeh ◽  
Chian-Shinn Sheu
Keyword(s):  
Cell Membrane ◽  
Leaf Tissue ◽  
Treatment Temperature ◽  
Mda Content ◽  
Delay Sensitivity ◽  
Membrane Thermostability ◽  
Heat Tolerant ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Cell Membrane Thermostability ◽  
Selection Of

Flowering of many chrysanthemum [Dendranthema ×grandiflora (Ramat.) Kitam.] cultivars is reduced or delayed under high temperatures. Identification and rapid selection of heat-tolerant and flowering-heat-delay-insensitive chrysanthemum genotypes for commercial production is desirable. An electrolyte leakage technique was used to measure cell membrane thermostability of chrysanthemum cultivars. The relationship between the relative injury (RI) value occurring in leaf tissue discs and the treatment temperature was sigmoidal. The RI values at the approximate midpoint of the sigmoid response curve occurred at 47 to 53 °C for summer- and fall-flowering cultivars and at 45 to 46 °C treatments for winter- and spring-flowering cultivars. Regressing the delay in days to flowering for the cultivars grown at day/night temperature of 30/25 °C compared with those grown at 20/15 °C versus their associated RI values at 50 °C treatment showed a linear relationship. Reduced RI was more apparent in the heat-tolerant ‘Kaa Luoh-Lii’ than the heat-intolerant ‘Repulse’ after 30/25 °C treatment for 24 to 27 days. When 30/25 and 20/15 °C treatments were compared, the former did not alter leaf malondialdehyde (MDA) content in ‘Kaa Luoh-Lii’ but increased MDA content in ‘Repulse’.

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