Production of root hair deformation factors by Rhizobium meliloti nodulation genes in Escherichia coli: HsnD (NodH) is involved in the plant host-specific modification of the NodABC factor

1989 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zsofia Banfalvi ◽  
Adam Kondorosi
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Root Hair ◽  
Rhizobium Meliloti ◽  
Plant Host ◽  
Specific Modification ◽  
Nodulation Genes ◽  
Root Hair Deformation

scholarly journals Rhizobium meliloti nodulation genes allow Agrobacterium tumefaciens and Escherichia coli to form pseudonodules on alfalfa.

1984 ◽  
Vol 158 (3) ◽  
pp. 1133-1143 ◽  
Author(s):  
A M Hirsch ◽  
K J Wilson ◽  
J D Jones ◽  
M Bang ◽  
V V Walker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Agrobacterium Tumefaciens ◽  
Rhizobium Meliloti ◽  
Nodulation Genes

Molecular genetic basis of Rhizobium–legume interactions

Genome ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 350-353 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Kondorosi ◽  
E. Kondorosi ◽  
Z. Györgypal ◽  
Z. Banfalvi ◽  
J. Gyuris ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rhizobium Meliloti ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Nodule Development ◽  
Plant Host ◽  
Specific Expression ◽  
Nodulation Genes ◽  
Molecular Genetic Basis ◽  
Plant Signals ◽  
Nodulin Genes ◽  
Fix Genes

Recognition of the appropriate legume and nodule induction are controlled by common (nod) and host-specific nodulation (hsn) genes in Rhizobium. The nod and hsn genes are activated by the product of the regulatory nodD in conjunction with specific flavonoids excreted by the plant. Differences in the flavonoid specificity of the NodD proteins occur between different Rhizobium species, or between strains of a given species or even within one strain containing several copies of the nodD gene. Accordingly, the nodD gene controls the host-specific expression of nod and hsn genes. In addition, the nodulation genes are under not only positive but also negative regulation which is mediated by a nod-specific repressor protein. This dual control is required for optimal nodulation of the plant host. Further steps in nodule development are again controlled by the infecting Rhizobium. It was found that at least four different classes of Rhizobium fix genes are involved directly or indirectly in the expression of late nodulin genes, finally leading to the establishment of nitrogen-fixing symbiosis.Key words: Rhizobium meliloti, nodulation genes, plant signals, fix genes, alfalfa.

Root hair deformation in the infection process of Alnus rubra

1983 ◽  
Vol 61 (11) ◽  
pp. 2863-2876 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alison M. Berry ◽  
John G. Torrey
Keyword(s):  
Root Hair ◽  
Cell Walls ◽  
Root Hairs ◽  
Infection Process ◽  
Alnus Rubra ◽  
Pseudomonas Cepacia ◽  
Developmental Studies ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Root Hair Cell ◽  
Root Hair Deformation

Structural and cell developmental studies of root hair deformation in Alnus rubra Bong. (Betulaceae) were carried out following inoculation with the soil pseudomonad Pseudomonas cepacia 85, alone or in concert with Frankia, and using axenically grown seedlings. Deformational changes can be observed in elongating root hairs within 2 h of inoculation with P. cepacia 85. These growing root hairs become branched or multilobed and highly modified from the single-tip growth of axenic root hairs. The cell walls of deformed hairs are histologically distinctive when stained with the fluorochrome acridine orange. Filtrate studies using P. cepacia 85 suggest that the deforming substance is not a low molecular weight compound. Root hair deformation and the associated wall histology are host specific in that Betula root hairs show none of these responses when grown and inoculated in the experimental conditions described. The bacterially induced changes in root hair cell walls during deformation may create a chemically and physically modified substrate for Frankia penetration, and the deformation itself may serve to entrap and enclose the filamentous organism, allowing wall dissolution and entry. Thus these events represent a complex host response as a precondition to successful nodulation.

scholarly journals Early transcriptomic response of Alnus glutinosa to Frankia alni symbiont, an upregulated nsLTP (non-specific Lipid Transfer Protein) is implicated in early and late stages of symbiosis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melanie Gasser ◽  
Nicole Alloisio ◽  
Pascale Fournier ◽  
Severine Balmand ◽  
Ons Kharrat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Root Hair ◽  
Lipid Transfer Protein ◽  
Alnus Glutinosa ◽  
Lipid Transfer ◽  
Transcriptomic Response ◽  
Transfer Protein ◽  
Root Hair Deformation ◽  
Frankia Alni ◽  
Late Stages ◽  
Specific Lipid

The response of Alnus glutinosa to Frankia alni is complex with several sequential physiological modifications that include calcium spiking, root hair deformation, penetration, induction of primordium, formation and growth of nodule. A transcriptomic study of seedlings in hydroponics after early contact (2.5 days) with Frankia alni, either with a culture supernatant or with living cells separated from the roots by a dialysis membrane, permitted to identify plant genes which expression level was modified upon early contact with Frankia. Forty-two genes were significantly up-regulated in both experiments, most of them encoding biological processes such as oxidative stress or response to stimuli. Among them, the most upregulated gene was a non-specific lipid transfer protein encoding gene with a fold change of 141. This nsLTP was found to increase Frankia nitrogen fixation at sub-lethal concentration. Interestingly, it was immunolocalized to a region of the deformed root hair at an early infection stage and later in nodules, it was localized around bacterial vesicles suggesting a role in early and late stages of symbiosis.

scholarly journals Interference between Rhizobium meliloti and Rhizobium trifolii nodulation genes: genetic basis of R. meliloti dominance.

1988 ◽  
Vol 170 (12) ◽  
pp. 5718-5727 ◽  
Author(s):  
F Debellé ◽  
F Maillet ◽  
J Vasse ◽  
C Rosenberg ◽  
F de Billy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Basis ◽  
Rhizobium Meliloti ◽  
Rhizobium Trifolii ◽  
Nodulation Genes
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