Rhodes grass breeding in Kenya. III. Seed and herbage yield in selections of four maturity classes based upon intra variety variation

Euphytica ◽  
1978 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 649-656 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. G. Boonman
Keyword(s):  
Rhodes Grass ◽  
Herbage Yield ◽  
Grass Breeding

scholarly journals Effect of Nitrogen Fertilizer and Inter Row Spacing on Herbage Yield and Some Yield Components (Number of Leaves and Number of Tillers per Plant) of Rhodes Grass (Chloris gayana Tan) in the Dry Sub Humid Zone of Sokoto Nigeria

2020 ◽  
pp. 10-21
Author(s):  
M. Mabu Isa ◽  
J. Ibrahim ◽  
Sani Usman Bah
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fertilizer ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Ground Level ◽  
Plant Sample ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Rhodes Grass ◽  
Herbage Yield ◽  
Number Of Leaves

A field experiment was conducted during the 2016 and 2017 rainy seasons at Centre for Agriculture and Pastoral Research (CAPAR) of the Usmanu Danfodiyo University Sokoto, Nigeria to study the effect of nitrogen fertilizer and inter-row spacing on herbage yield and some yield parameters of Rhodes grass. A factorial combination of five fertilizer levels (0, 100, 120, 140 and 160 kgNha-1) and three inter row spacing (30, 50 and 70 cm) were used, making fifteen treatments combinations, which were laid out in a RCBD replicated four times. Determination of herbage dry matter yield at the end of 12 weeks post planting was carried out using a 0.25 m2 (0.5 m x 0.5 m) area metallic frame (Quadrat). The herbage was harvested at 5 cm above ground level using hand Sickle from the four plots for each treatment. The samples collected ware oven dried for the determination of dry matter yield, while determination of number of leaves and number of tillers per plant was done by counting the numbers of individual leave and tillers of each of the representative plant sample. The result revealed that, Application of 160 KgNha-1 generally produced higher (P < 0.05) dry matter yield, number of leaves and number of tillers compared to the rest of the treatment, There was no significant (P > 0.05) effect of inter row spacing in both 2016, 2017 and the years combined on herbage dry matter yield, however significant (P < 0.05) effect of spacing was observed in 2016, 2017 and the years combine on the numbers of leaves and numbers of tiller. Inter-row spacing of 70cm showed superiority among the treatments in the herbage yield compositions investigated compared to 50 and 30cm spacings.

scholarly journals Herbage quality in Rhodes grass (Chloris gayana Kunth). 1. The effect of heading date on intra-variety variation in yield and digestibility in vitro.

1978 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 304-311
Author(s):  
J.G. Boonman
Keyword(s):  
Heading Date ◽  
Dead Leaf ◽  
Rhodes Grass ◽  
Progressive Decline ◽  
Herbage Quality ◽  
Herbage Yield ◽  
Chloris Gayana ◽  
Chloris Gayana Kunth ◽  
Heading Stage

350 selected plants of Rhodes grass cv. Mbarara (early-heading), Masaba (medium-heading) and Pokot (late-heading) were examined for both seed and herbage yield characters, the latter at the stage of initial heading. Within each of these cv. a large variation occurred between individual spaced plants in seed and herbage yield, leaf:stem ratio and OM digestibility in vitro (D-vitro). However, this variation was secondary, as it was largely accounted for by a wide variation in heading date, ranging over more than or equal to 8 wk within a cv. There was a progressive decline in yield characters with every wk of delayed heading. Early-heading plants produced yields of pure germinating seed more than double those of late plants. At the initial-heading stage these plants also had a higher herbage yield, leaf:stem ratio and D-vitro, but a lower content of stem and dead leaf. D-vitro was on average 7.6 units higher in early plants than in plants heading 8 wk later, but the extremes varied as much as 17 units between some early and late. D-vitro of leaf, stem and whole-sward samples fell by 0.07, 0.12 and 0.14 units, resp., with every day of delayed heading. Leaf digestibility and DM content were higher than those of stems. At the initial-heading stage whole-sward digestibility and leaf:stem ratio were higher in Mbarara than in Masaba and Pokot, because Mbarara plants were on the whole earlier in heading. Of those plants, however, which had a common heading date in each of the 3 cv. i.e. which were sampled at the initial-heading stage and on the same day, digestibility and leaf:stem ratios of Masaba plants were above those of Mbarara and, in particular, those of Pokot. (Abstract retrieved from CAB Abstracts by CABI’s permission)

scholarly journals Herbage quality in Rhodes grass (Chloris gayana Kunth). 2. Intra-variety variation in yield and digestibility of plants of similar heading date.

1978 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 337-343
Author(s):  
J.G. Boonman
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Gain ◽  
Heading Date ◽  
Rhodes Grass ◽  
Herbage Quality ◽  
Herbage Yield ◽  
Chloris Gayana ◽  
Chloris Gayana Kunth

20 clones of similar heading date and selected from within Rhodes grass cv. Masaba were assessed at 3, 6 and 9 wk of regrowth. Lengthening the period of regrowth increased yield of DM and yield of DOM, but decreased digestibility in vitro of leaf, stem and whole-sward samples and leaf:stem ratios. Clonal effects were also significant for these characters except for leaf digestibility and leaf:stem ratio. No significant clone X regrowth period interactions were observed. Stem and leaf digestibility fell by 0.20 and 0.17 units daily, resp., while leaf:stem ratio dropped to 1.1 at 9 wk regrowth which coincided with initial heading. At this stage whole sward digestibility had fallen to 53, at a rate of 0.22/day. Leaf digestibility was always higher than that of stem. Clones differed significantly in digestibility showing a 5-unit range which had no relation to leaf:stem ratios. The 7 clones best in digestibility were among the 9 lowest in herbage yield. The ranking for yield of DOM did not differ from that for yield of DM, which showed a range of 1.38-2.45 t/ha. It is concluded that potential genetic gain in digestibility and leaf:stem ratio is offset by a corresponding decline in herbage yield. (Abstract retrieved from CAB Abstracts by CABI’s permission)

scholarly journals Effects of some animal manure and rate of application on growth, herbage and seed yields of Rhodes grass (Chloris gayana var. Callide)

2021 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-173
Author(s):  
S. A. Ogedegbe ◽  
C. N. C. Nwaoguala
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Nutritional Requirement ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Rhodes Grass ◽  
Herbage Yield ◽  
Chloris Gayana ◽  
Grass Growth ◽  
Seed Yields

An experiment was conducted twice concurrently at Vom in Plateau State Nigeria in 2011 to evaluate the effects of three animal based organic fertilizers and three rates of application on the growth, seed and herbage yields of Rhodes grass (Chloris gayana var. Callide). This study involved three types (poultry, rabbit and sheep dung) of animal fertilizer and three rates (0, 25 and 50 t ha-1) of application in a 3 x 3 factorial arrangement fitted into randomized complete block design and replicated three times. Animal fertilizers significantly (p < 0.05) increased growth, seed, fresh herbage and dry matter yields of Rhodes grass. Generally, fertilizers from poultry and rabbit were similar and better (p < 0.05) than that of sheep in the enhancement of the measured variables. At 6 weeks after fertilizer application (WAF), fresh herbage yield was in the range of 14.6 – 48.3 t ha-1 whereas dry matter yield ranged from 4.7 – 13.9 t ha-1 while seed yield was 1.8 – 2.3 t ha-1. At 12 WAF, rabbit fertilizer produced significantly higher values than sheep fertilizer by 21.2 % for sward height, 70.1 % for fresh herbage yield and 61.4 % for dry matter yield. The correlation coefficients among the measured variables were positive and highly significant. The highest correlation recorded (0.937**) was between fresh herbage and dry matter yields. The study indicated that application of either rabbit or poultry fertilizer can suitably enhance Rhodes grass growth for higher herbage and seed yields. The study also showed that 25 and 50 t ha-1 of animal fertilizers on Rhodes grass yielded similar results. With adequate fertilizer application, Rhodes grass can produce sufficient herbage to meet the nutritional requirement of several ruminant livestock. It is not economical to apply more than 25 t ha-1 of animal fertilizers to Rhodes grass if they contain more than 1.21 % of nitrogen.

Germination of leucaena and Rhodes grass seeds in saline and alkaline conditions

2016 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 461-474 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.B. Wehr ◽  
P.M. Kopittke ◽  
S.A. Dalzell ◽  
N.W. Menzies
Keyword(s):  
Rhodes Grass ◽  
Alkaline Conditions

Farmers’ preference for improved grasses and legume forage species in six mixed farming system districts of southern region of Ethiopia

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 23-27
Author(s):  
Mergia Abera ◽  
Tekleyohannes Berhanu
Keyword(s):  
Vigna Unguiculata ◽  
Vegetative Growth ◽  
Farming System ◽  
Elephant Grass ◽  
Lablab Purpureus ◽  
Forage Legumes ◽  
Forage Crops ◽  
Forage Species ◽  
Herbage Yield ◽  
Chloris Gayana

Participatory on-farm evaluation of improved forage crops was conducted in six mixed farming system districts of Southern Ethiopia with the objective to identify farmers preferred forage crops (legumes and grasses). Two annual forage legumes (Vigna unguiculata L. (cow pea) and Lablab purpureus (L.), two perennial legumes (Medicago sativa (L.) (alfalfa) and Desmodium intortum (Mill.) Urb. (green-leaf)), and three perennial grasses (Chloris gayana Knuth (Rhodes grass) and two Pennisetum purpureum Schumach (elephant grass) accessions (No.16800 and 16798)) were evaluated in the study. The major farmers’ criteria considered in the evaluation of forage species were vegetative growth, herbage yield, tillering, protection of soil erosion, palatability, perfor- mance under dry weather conditions, performance in marginal area under low input management, multipurpose use (conservation and soil fertility) and fast growing condition. The study showed that elephant grass accession No. 16798, 16800 and Chloris gayana adapted well and farmers preferred them for their higher herbage yield, vegetative growth, tillering ability and drought resistance. Even though the annual forage legumes Lablab purpureus and Vigna unguiculata were superior in their forage yield, the farmers preferred the perennial forage legumes (Desmodium intortum and Medicago sativa) mainly for their performance under dry weather condi- tion due to their longer growth period. Therefore, the consideration of farmers’ preference for forage crops is crucial for increased adoption of improved forage crops in the region.

Growth and Salt Excretion via the Salt Glands of Rhodes Grass in the Soil Damaged by the Tsunami

2013 ◽  
Vol 82 (4) ◽  
pp. 378-385 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takao Oi ◽  
Masaki Sasagawa ◽  
Mitsutaka Taniguchi ◽  
Hiroshi Miyake
Keyword(s):  
Salt Glands ◽  
Rhodes Grass ◽  
Salt Excretion
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