Cloning of the amphibolic Calvin cycle/OPPP enzyme d-ribulose-5-phosphate 3-epimerase (EC 5.1.3.1) from spinach chloroplasts: functional and evolutionary aspects

1995 ◽  
Vol 29 (6) ◽  
pp. 1279-1291 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ulrich Nowitzki ◽  
Ralf Wyrich ◽  
Peter Westhoff ◽  
Katrin Henze ◽  
Claus Schnarrenberger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Calvin Cycle ◽  
Spinach Chloroplasts ◽  
Evolutionary Aspects

Microsequecing and cDNA cloning of the Calvin cycle/OPPP enzyme ribose-5-phosphate isomerase (EC 5.3.1.6) from spinach chloroplasts

1996 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 795-805 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Martin ◽  
Katrin Henze ◽  
Josef Kellermann ◽  
Anke Flechner ◽  
Claus Schnarrenberger
Keyword(s):  
Cdna Cloning ◽  
Calvin Cycle ◽  
Spinach Chloroplasts

scholarly journals Action of calcium ions on spinach (Spinacia oleracea) chloroplast fructose bisphosphatase and other enzymes of the Calvin cycle

1980 ◽  
Vol 188 (3) ◽  
pp. 775-779 ◽  
Author(s):  
S A Charles ◽  
B Halliwell
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Ions ◽  
Spinacia Oleracea ◽  
Calvin Cycle ◽  
Complete Inhibition ◽  
Fructose Bisphosphatase ◽  
Spinach Chloroplasts ◽  
Fructose 1,6 Bisphosphate ◽  
Sedoheptulose Bisphosphatase

Thiol-treated spinach (Spinacia oleracea) chloroplast fructose bisphosphatase is powerfully inhibited by Ca2+ non-competitively with respect to its substrate, fructose 1,6-bisphosphate. 500 microM-Ca2+ causes virtually complete inhibition and the Ki is 40 microM. Severe inhibition of sedoheptulose bisphosphatase is also caused by Ca2+. A role for Ca2+ in regulation of the Calvin cycle in spinach chloroplasts is proposed.

scholarly journals On the Activation of Fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase of Spinach Chloroplasts and the Regulation of the Calvin Cycle

1981 ◽  
Vol 113 (3) ◽  
pp. 507-511 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacques PRADEL ◽  
Jean-Michel SOULIE ◽  
Jean BUC ◽  
Jean-Claude MEUNIER ◽  
Jacques RICARD
Keyword(s):  
Calvin Cycle ◽  
Spinach Chloroplasts ◽  
Fructose 1,6 Bisphosphatase

Molecular characterization of transketolase (EC 2.2.1.1) active in the Calvin cycle of spinach chloroplasts

1996 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 475-484 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anke Flechner ◽  
Uta Dressen ◽  
Peter Westhoff ◽  
Katrin Henze ◽  
Claus Schnarrenberger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
Calvin Cycle ◽  
Spinach Chloroplasts

Chloroplast Autonomy in Acetyl-Coenzyme-A-Formation and Terpenoid Biosynthesis

1980 ◽  
Vol 35 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 645-648 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. H. Grumbach ◽  
B. Forn
Keyword(s):  
Coenzyme A ◽  
Calvin Cycle ◽  
Mevalonic Acid ◽  
Carbon Flow ◽  
Chloroplast Envelope ◽  
Terpenoid Biosynthesis ◽  
Acetyl Coenzyme A ◽  
Spinach Chloroplasts ◽  
Acetyl Coenzyme ◽  
Β Carotene

Abstract Isolated intact spinach chloroplasts were supplied with 14C-labeled CO2, phosphoglycerate, phos-phoenolpyruvate, acetate and mevalonate and the incorporation of radioactivity into β-carotene and plastoquinone-9 assayed. All applied substrates were capable of crossing the chloroplast envelope. Except phosphoenolpyruvate all radioactive precursors were incorporated into β-carotene and also into plastoquinone-9. It is concluded that spinach chloroplasts are autonom in acetyl-coenzyme-A-formation and terpenoid biosynthesis. There is a direct carbon flow from intermediates of the Calvin-cycle via acetyl-coenzyme-A and mevalonic acid existing in the chlo­ roplast leading to the carotenoids and isoprenoid side-chains of chlorophylls and quinones.

Effects of Photoinhibition on Photosynthetic Carbon Metabolism in Intact Isolated Spinach Chloroplasts.

1987 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 439 ◽  
Author(s):  
C Giersch ◽  
SP Robinson
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Flux ◽  
Co2 Fixation ◽  
Calvin Cycle ◽  
Chloroplast Envelope ◽  
Low Light ◽  
Spinach Chloroplasts ◽  
Fructose 1,6 Bisphosphatase ◽  
Photosynthetic Carbon Metabolism ◽  
Chloroplast Stroma ◽  
Fructose 1,6 Bisphosphate

Pools of intermediates of the Calvin cycle were measured during photosynthetic 14CO2 fixation by intact isolated spinach chloroplasts. Photoinhibitibn (illumination for 8 min with 4000 �mol m-2 s-1 light in the absence of bicarbonate) decreased the subsequently measured rate of CO2 fixation. Individual compounds were differently affected: the ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate (RuBP) pool was drastically lowered, while that of fructose-1,6-bisphosphate (FBP) was increased, suggesting that photoinhibition causes a limitation in RuBP regeneration. An increase in FBP and decrease in RuBP were not observed during photosynthesis in low light at rates of CO2 fixation comparable to those in photoinhibited chloroplasts. This indicates that changes of the metabolite pools induced by photoinhibition were not due solely to decreased rates of electron transport. Activities of RuBP carboxylase and fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase (FBPase) were decreased by the photoinhibitory treatment. However, the activity of both enzymes in photoinhibited chloroplasts was still well in excess of that required to sustain the measured rates of carbon flux. Photoinhibition largely abolished the light-induced proton gradient across the chloroplast envelope. The concomitant acidification of the chloroplast stroma could inhibit FBPase activity. It is concluded that photoinhibition does not result in irreversible modification of the FBPase protein but that its activity may be decreased by changes in pH and possibly other factors in the chloroplast stroma.

scholarly journals Photosynthesis by isolated chloroplasts. Reversal of orthophosphate inhibition by Calvin-cycle intermediates

1968 ◽  
Vol 107 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Cockburn ◽  
D. A. Walker ◽  
C. W. Baldry
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Metabolic Control ◽  
Oxygen Evolution ◽  
Calvin Cycle ◽  
Dihydroxyacetone Phosphate ◽  
Spinach Chloroplasts ◽  
Diphosphate Glucose ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Related Compounds ◽  
Isolated Chloroplasts

1. The orthophosphate inhibition of photosynthesis by isolated spinach chloroplasts can be reversed by 3-phosphoglycerate, dihydroxyacetone phosphate, glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate, fructose 6-phosphate and fructose 1,6-diphosphate. 2. Metabolically related compounds such as ribulose 1,5-diphosphate, glucose 6-phosphate, 6-phosphogluconate and phosphoenolpyruvate are ineffective. 3. The kinetics of reversal are characteristic of the intermediate used, but, in each instance, the onset of oxygen evolution is accompanied by a carbon dioxide fixation and except with 3-phosphoglycerate the stoicheiometry is close to unity. 4. The nature of orthophosphate inhibition and its reversal is discussed in relation to metabolic control of photosynthesis.

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