Characterization and expression of chalcone synthase in different genotypes of Matthiola incana R.Br. during flower development

1984 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 137-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susanne Rall ◽  
Vera Hemleben
Keyword(s):  
Flower Development ◽  
Chalcone Synthase ◽  
Matthiola Incana

Conversion of Dihydroflavonols to Flavonols with Enzyme Extracts from Flower Buds of Matthiola incana R. Br.

1984 ◽  
Vol 39 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 714-719 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Spribille ◽  
G. Forkmann
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Flower Development ◽  
Rapid Decline ◽  
Soluble Enzyme ◽  
Flower Buds ◽  
Ph Optimum ◽  
Enzyme Preparations ◽  
Matthiola Incana ◽  
Substantial Correlation

Abstract Soluble enzyme preparations from flower buds of Matthiola incana catalysed the conversion of dihydrokaempferol to kaempferol and of dihydroquercetin to quercetin. The reaction required 2-oxoglutarate, ascorbate and Fe2+ as cofactors and had a pH-optimum at about 7.0. Highest enzyme activity was already present in the youngest buds followed by a rapid decline during bud and flower development. Furthermore, a substantial correlation was observed between the enzyme activity for flavonol formation and the flavonol content of the buds and flowers.

Genetic Control of Chalcone Synthase Activity in Flowers of Matthiola incana R.Br

1981 ◽  
Vol 36 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 619-624 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Spribille ◽  
G. Forkmann
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Genetic Control ◽  
Chalcone Synthase ◽  
Condensation Reaction ◽  
Chalcone Isomerase ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Enzyme Preparations ◽  
Matthiola Incana ◽  
Anthocyanin Pathway ◽  
Malonyl Coa

Abstract Chalcone synthase activity was demonstrated in enzyme preparations from flowers of defined genotypes of Matthiola incana (stock). The product formed from 4-coumaroyl-CoA and malonyl-CoA was naringenin and not the isomeric chalcone, because chalcone isomerase was also present in the reaction mixture. Chalcone synthase activity could be detected only in flower extracts of genotypes with wild-type alleles at the locus f Thus, the interruption of the anthocyanin pathway in white flowering lines with recessive alleles (ff) of this gene is clearly due to a lack of this enzyme activity. Independent on the genetic state of the locus b which controls the formation of pelargonidin or cyanidin, respectively, in the flowers, 4-coumaroyl-CoA was the only suitable substrate for the condensation reaction.

Relationship between Flower Development, Anthocyanin Accumulation and Activity o f Enzymes Involved in Flavonoid Biosynthesis in Matthiola incana R. Br

1983 ◽  
Vol 38 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 551-555 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Dangelmayr ◽  
G. Stotz ◽  
R. Spribille ◽  
G. Forkmann
Keyword(s):  
Flower Development ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Anthocyanin Biosynthesis ◽  
Maximum Activity ◽  
Flavonoid Biosynthesis ◽  
Anthocyanin Content ◽  
Anthocyanin Accumulation ◽  
Matthiola Incana ◽  
Anthocyanin Pathway ◽  
Morphological Criteria

The activity of five enzymes concerning anthocyanin biosynthesis as well as the anthocyanin accumulation were studied during the development of buds and flowers of Matthiola incana. The investigations included the first three enzymes in the anthocyanin pathway, chalcone synthase, chalcone isomerase and flavanone 3-hydroxylase, and the flavonoid-modifying enzymes, flavonoid 3'-hydroxylase and flavonoid 3-O-glucosyltransferase. The bud and flower development was subdivided into eight stages with respect to morphological criteria. On a fresh weight basis, a substantial correlation between anthocyanin content and the activities of all of the five enzymes were found in the various developmental stages. Furthermore, the anthocyanins formed are obviously not or only less subject to degradation. Although all maxima of activity proved to be in buds, clear differences were observed between the five enzymes with regard to increase and stage of maximum activity. The isolation of other enzymes involved in flavonoid biosynthesis is likely to be most successful in the bud stages.

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