Genotypic variation in zinc efficiency and resistance to crown rot disease (Fusarium graminearum Schw. Group 1) in wheat

Hydrobiologia ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 186 (2) ◽  
pp. 219-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harsharn Singh Grewal ◽  
Robin D. Graham ◽  
Zdenko Rengel
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Graminearum ◽  
Genotypic Variation ◽  
Crown Rot ◽  
Zinc Efficiency ◽  
Rot Disease ◽  
Group 1

Genotypic variation in zinc efficiency and resistance to crown rot disease (Fusarium graminearum Schw. Group 1) in wheat

1996 ◽  
Vol 186 (2) ◽  
pp. 219-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harsharn Singh Grewal ◽  
Robin D. Graham ◽  
Zdenko Rengel
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Graminearum ◽  
Genotypic Variation ◽  
Crown Rot ◽  
Zinc Efficiency ◽  
Rot Disease ◽  
Group 1

scholarly journals Antagonistic effectiveness of some bacteria against Fusarium graminearum causing crown rot disease on wheat (Triticum aestivum)

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-80
Author(s):  
Majida Hadi Mahdi Alsaady ◽  
Hussein Ali Salim ◽  
Rakib A. Al-ani ◽  
Hadi M. Aboud ◽  
Jamal Talib M Al Roubaie
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Graminearum ◽  
Culture Method ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Antagonistic Effect ◽  
Crown Rot ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Enzyme Analysis ◽  
Dual Culture ◽  
Rot Disease

In this study, the antagonistic effect of five bacteria genera namely Bacillus, Pseudomonas, Azotobacter, Azospirillum, and Streptomyces isolated from rhizosphere of wheat were evaluated against Fusarium graminearum as potential biocontrol agents in vitro. F. graminearum was molecularly diagnosed using the Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique. Each bacteria were tested for the production of catalase enzyme, oxidase enzyme, analysis of starch, analyze of gelatin, and the motility, where Azotobacter, Azospirillum, and Bacillus subtilis were positive for all tested. Fungal inhibition tests were performed by using the dual culture method and agar well diffusion technique. Among them, Streptomyces and Azospirillum exhibited potent inhibition to the growth of F. graminearum (72.14% and 66.42%) respectively, followed by B.pumillus, P.fluorescens, B. subtilis and Azotobacter ( 58.28%, 43.23%, 39.71% and 35.71%) respectively as compared with the control treatment (0.0%).The dry weight of the fungus biomass was decreased with bacteria P. fluorescens, Streptomyces sp, Azotobacter sp, Azospirillum sp, B. subtilis, and B. pumillus which reached (0.114, 0.103, 0.147, 0.101, 0.143, and 0.107 g) respectively compared to the control treatment that was 0. 665 g.

Reaction of Australian cultivars of oats and barley to infection by Fusarium graminearum Group 1

1994 ◽  
Vol 34 (5) ◽  
pp. 655 ◽  
Author(s):  
KE Nelson ◽  
LW Burgess
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Graminearum ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Crown Rot ◽  
Barley Cultivars ◽  
Fusarium Graminearum Group 1 ◽  
Group 1

The incidence of infection by Fusarium graminearum Group 1 and the incidence of crown rot were compared for various cultivars of oats, wheat and barley in glasshouse and field experiments. In glasshouse studies, the incidence of infected plants was lower in oats than in wheat or barley at 6 weeks after sowing. Crown rot symptoms were not observed in oats of any cultivar. The incidence and severity of crown rot in barley was similar to that in wheat cv. Banks. Between 17 and 29 genotypes of oats, wheat and barley were assessed in field trials over 3 years. Stem browning, a symptom of crown rot, was common in wheat and barley but was not observed in any cultivar of oats. Among plants of wheat and barley, the effect of cultivar on incidence of crown rot was significant (P = 0.05) in 3 of 4 trials. Results suggest that oats are a symptomless host. This should be considered when growing oats in rotation to reduce crown rot inoculum. The barley cultivars assessed all developed moderate-severe crown rot symptoms and thus may incur yield limitations where crown rot is prevalent.

Effects of Lysobacter antibioticus HS124, an effective biocontrol agent against Fusarium graminearum, on crown rot disease and growth promotion of wheat

2019 ◽  
Vol 65 (12) ◽  
pp. 904-912 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yun-Tae Kim ◽  
Sararat Monkhung ◽  
Yong Seong Lee ◽  
Kil Yong Kim
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Graminearum ◽  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Growth Promotion ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Culture Method ◽  
Microscopic Investigation ◽  
Crown Rot ◽  
Dual Culture ◽  
Rot Disease

Lysobacter antibioticus HS124 inhibited mycelial growth of Fusarium graminearum (74.66%) under the dual culture method. Microscopic investigation clearly showed that amendment with different concentrations (10%, 30%, and 50%) of HS124 bacterial culture filtrate on potato dextrose agar plates caused abnormal hyphal structures, including swelling and distortion. Its inhibition toward mycelial growth of F. graminearum was increased with increasing concentration of n-butanol crude extract of HS124. The highest inhibition (43.14%) was detected at a crude concentration of 10 mg/disc, whereas the lowest inhibition (21.57%) was observed at 2 mg/disc. Although mycelial growth of F. graminearum was promoted by volatile organic compounds (VOCs) produced by HS124 as compared with the control, these VOCs clearly decreased fungal pigmentation resulting in a reduction of fungal sporulation. Microscopic investigation revealed hyphal deformation of F. graminearum due to VOCs. These compounds also had a negative effect on spore germination of F. graminearum. In vivo evaluations demonstrated that HS124 inoculation of wheat plants reduced crown rot disease incidence by 73.70% as compared with the control. HS124 inoculation of wheat plants also promoted most of the growth characteristics compared with the control or fungicide-treated plants. Our results provide strong evidence that HS124 could control F. graminearum infections and promote growth of wheat plants as part of management strategies for crown rot disease.

The incidence and spatial patterns of wheat plants infected by Fusarium graminearum group 1 and the effect of crown rot on yield

1991 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 399 ◽  
Author(s):  
TA Klein ◽  
LW Burgess ◽  
FW Ellison
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Graminearum ◽  
Spatial Patterns ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Crown Rot ◽  
Random Pattern ◽  
Potential Yield ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Bare Fallow ◽  
Fusarium Graminearum Group 1 ◽  
Group 1

The incidence and spatial patterns of wheat plants infected by Fusarium graminearum Group 1 were assessed in six fields in northern New South Wales, Australia, over a four-year period. The incidence of infected plants declined from 1978 to 1981 in fields where wheat was sown each year, where there was a bare fallow of 18 months and where sunflowers were sown in one season. The pattern of infected plants tended to be regular (uniform) where the incidence of infected plants was particularly high (> 96%). In all fields where a clustered (aggregated) pattern was detected, 12% to 64.4% of plants were infected. A random pattern was observed at a number of sites. There was a positive association between loss in potential yield and the incidence of infection, basal browning of plants and whiteheads. Losses of up to 89% were recorded.

A role for the mycotoxin deoxynivalenol in stem colonisation during crown rot disease of wheat caused by Fusarium graminearum and Fusarium pseudograminearum

2006 ◽  
Vol 69 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 73-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnieszka M. Mudge ◽  
Ruth Dill-Macky ◽  
Yanhong Dong ◽  
Donald M. Gardiner ◽  
Rosemary G. White ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Graminearum ◽  
Crown Rot ◽  
Fusarium Pseudograminearum ◽  
Rot Disease

Corrigendum - Inoculation methods for assessing resistance in wheat to crown rot caused by Fusarium graminearum group 1

1987 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 473
Author(s):  
RL Dodman ◽  
GB Wildermuth
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Graminearum ◽  
Aqueous Suspension ◽  
Crown Rot ◽  
Natural Field ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
Induced Field ◽  
Sowing Seed ◽  
Fusarium Graminearum Group 1 ◽  
Field Inoculum ◽  
Group 1

A range of inocululatron methods for assessing resistance in wheat to crown rot caused by Fusarium graminearum Group 1 was evaluated in the glasshouse and in the field. When grain was colonized with the pathogen, ground and applied with the seed at planting or spread around young plants as an aqueous suspension, high levels of crown rot were produced, but resistance (usually measured as per cent diseased plants or tillers) was still expressed. Similar results were achieved with induced field inoculum obtained by inoculating an area of wheat to obtain a high incidence of disease and incorporating the stubble into the soil. Natural field inoculum and inoculation of seed with spores produced lower levels of disease, although differentiation of resistant and susceptible cultivars was still possible. Other methods, suitable only for plants in pots and often for more specific purposes (for example, for inoculation at different stages of plant growth) were also studied. Resistance was best expressed where inoculum was applied onto or into soil, rather than directly onto or into plants. Currently, the resistance of all potential cultivars for release in Queensland is assessed in the field by sowing seed dusted with benomyl into furrows along which ground, colonized grain is distributed. Crown rot severity is then determined at maturity.

Inoculation methods for assessing resistance in wheat to crown rot caused by Fusarium graminearum group 1

1987 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 473 ◽  
Author(s):  
RL Dodman ◽  
GB Wildermuth
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Graminearum ◽  
Aqueous Suspension ◽  
Crown Rot ◽  
Natural Field ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
Induced Field ◽  
Sowing Seed ◽  
Fusarium Graminearum Group 1 ◽  
Field Inoculum ◽  
Group 1

A range of inocululatron methods for assessing resistance in wheat to crown rot caused by Fusarium graminearum Group 1 was evaluated in the glasshouse and in the field. When grain was colonized with the pathogen, ground and applied with the seed at planting or spread around young plants as an aqueous suspension, high levels of crown rot were produced, but resistance (usually measured as per cent diseased plants or tillers) was still expressed. Similar results were achieved with induced field inoculum obtained by inoculating an area of wheat to obtain a high incidence of disease and incorporating the stubble into the soil. Natural field inoculum and inoculation of seed with spores produced lower levels of disease, although differentiation of resistant and susceptible cultivars was still possible. Other methods, suitable only for plants in pots and often for more specific purposes (for example, for inoculation at different stages of plant growth) were also studied. Resistance was best expressed where inoculum was applied onto or into soil, rather than directly onto or into plants. Currently, the resistance of all potential cultivars for release in Queensland is assessed in the field by sowing seed dusted with benomyl into furrows along which ground, colonized grain is distributed. Crown rot severity is then determined at maturity.

Effect of rotation with barley and oats on crown rot of wheat in the northern wheat belt of New South Wales

1995 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
pp. 765 ◽  
Author(s):  
KE Nelson ◽  
LW Burgess
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Graminearum ◽  
New South ◽  
Crown Rot ◽  
Similar Amount ◽  
Wheat Seed ◽  
Previous Crop ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Oat Straw ◽  
Fusarium Graminearum Group 1 ◽  
Group 1

We investigated the incidence of Fusarium graminearum Group 1 (infection, stem colonisation) and crown rot in 3-year crop sequences of 1 or 2 years of barley, oats, or mown oats followed by wheat, compared with 3 years of wheat. Seed was sown into the stubble of the previous crop. Stubble production was estimated for each cereal treatment. Plants of each cereal were infected by the crown rot pathogen. Oats were susceptible to infection but did not express symptoms of crown rot in 2 years of the trial. Oats can, therefore, be considered a symptomless host that may contribute to the maintenance of inoculum. The overall mean incidence of infected plants increased from 12% in 1987 to 81% in 1989. The various treatments did not significantly reduce the incidence of infected wheat plants in November of the final year. The incidence of crown rot of wheat in 1989 was greatest after 2 prior wheat crops and lowest after 1 or 2 years of mown oats. The 3 species produced a similar amount of straw by weight; however, mown oats produced significantly less. Oat straw decomposed more rapidly than that of other cereals in controlled conditions.

Effectiveness of fungicide seed treatments for preventing seed-to-seedling transmission of Fusarium graminearum under controlled-environment conditions

2009 ◽  
Vol 89 (4) ◽  
pp. 811-821 ◽  
Author(s):  
M R Fernandez ◽  
T K Turkington ◽  
W E May
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Graminearum ◽  
Plant Tissue ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Wheat Root ◽  
Crown Rot ◽  
Controlled Environment ◽  
Wheat Seed ◽  
Seed Treatments ◽  
Head Blight ◽  
Infected Seed

Fusarium head blight (FHB) is well established in the eastern prairies, but for the most part it has been absent from western regions, especially under dryland conditions. This has been largely attributed to dry and hot conditions during some years, and the limited occurrence of F. graminearum in the western prairies. It is of importance to prevent the movement of F. graminearum, the most important FHB pathogen in North America, to areas where this pathogen is not commonly found. Three controlled-environment studies, using different Fusarium-infected common and durum wheat seed lots, were conducted to determine the effectiveness of currently registered fungicide seed treatments in improving seedling emergence and plant development, and preventing the growth of F. graminearum from infected seed to plant tissue. Fungicide treatments improved seedling emergence from the most infected seed over the untreated infected control, but most treatments did not improve emergence in the other experiments. Plant growth in the fungicide treatments was either similar to or slower than in the untreated controls. Fusarium graminearum was isolated from discoloured tissue in all treatments and was generally more common in crowns than in subcrown internodes. No fungicide treatment reduced discolouration of plant tissue or percentage isolation of F. graminearum or other Fusarium spp. consistently. We conclude that while currently registered seed treatments might be effective in improving seedling emergence in some infected wheat seed lots, they do not prevent the growth of F. graminearum from seeds to plant tissue. For the western prairies, the use of fungicide seed treatments as a strategy in the prevention of spread of FHB would require that they be effective primarily against F. graminearum. Performance of fungicide seed treatments against Fusarium-infected wheat seed should also be determined under typical growing conditions across the western prairies.Key words: Seed treatments, fungicides, wheat, root rot, crown rot, Fusarium graminearum, Fusarium avenaceum

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