Influence of three vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (Glomaceae) on the activity of specific enzymes in the root system of Cucumis sativus L.

1992 ◽  
Vol 144 (2) ◽  
pp. 219-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
S�ren Rosendahl
Keyword(s):  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Root System ◽  
Cucumis Sativus ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Cucumis Sativus L ◽  
Vesicular Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Vesicular Arbuscular

Influence of phosphorus nutrition and vesicular–arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on growth and yield of greenhouse cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.)

1995 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 251-259 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Rae Trimble ◽  
N. Richard Knowles
Keyword(s):  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Cucumis Sativus ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
P Nutrition ◽  
Cucumis Sativus L ◽  
Vesicular Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Vesicular Arbuscular ◽  
Fruit Abortion ◽  
Leaf P

This study determined whether beneficial effects obtained with infection by vesicular–arbuscular mycorrhizal (VAM) fungi during early growth of cucumber are maintained through to maturity. Greenhouse cucumbers (Cucumis sativus L. 'Corona' and 'Carmen') were grown in VAM-inoculated (Glomus intraradices Schenck & Smith) or noninoculated autclaved sandy soil with supplemental phosphorus (P) ranging from 90 to 720 mg P plant−1 wk−1. These P treatments resulted in leaf P levels that spanned the range from deficient to sufficient, based on published data for mature cucumber plants. Leaf and mainstem development, number of fruit per plant, and harvest index were enhanced by increasing P levels in all studies. Low levels of P nutrition resulted in deficiency symptoms that were well correlated with deficient concentrations of leaf P. Mature plants maintained a relatively high level of infection by G. intraradices at low and moderate levels of P nutrition; however, depending on the cultivar, VAM infection either had no effect, or slightly depressed leaf and stem growth. The VAM infection stimulated earlier flowering and fruit production, but a longer fruit abortion period precluded increases in final fruit yield. The reduced shoot development and longer interval of fruit abortion characteristic for VAM-infected plants may be due to increased stress imposed by the collective sink requirements of the fungus and developing fruit. Key words:Cucumis sativus L., growth, phosphorus, vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, yield

Influence of vesicular–arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and phosphorus on growth, carbohydrate partitioning and mineral nutrition of greenhouse cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) plants during establishment

1995 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 239-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Rae Trimble ◽  
N. Richard Knowles
Keyword(s):  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Cucumis Sativus ◽  
Mineral Nutrition ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
P Nutrition ◽  
Cucumis Sativus L ◽  
Vesicular Arbuscular ◽  
Greenhouse Cucumber

The growth response of greenhouse cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) to infection by vesicular–arbuscular mycorrhizal (VAM) fungi and to 4, 12 and 20 mg L−1 of phosphorus (P) nutrition was characterized over 38 d of plant establishment. Although maximum growth rates were not reached with the P levels studied, foliar concentrations of P were consistent with those published for healthy cucumber plants. Plants were highly receptive to colonization by Glomus mosseae, G. dimorphicum and G. intraradices. Infection by all species decreased as P nutrition increased; however, growth rates of primary yield components (e.g., stem and leaf dry weights, leaf area) of VAM-infected plants were greater than those of noninfected plants at all levels of P nutrition. The VAM-enhanced growth was similar to that induced by increases in P nutrition. The VAM-infected plants had lower concentrations of soluble nitrogen (N) than noninfected plants early in development; however, N concentrations were equal by 38 d after planting. Total soluble carbohydrate concentration of leaves of noninfected plants increased 62% faster than that of leaves of VAM-infected plants, possibly due to decreased export and a higher degree of P stress in the non-infected plants. Relative to noninfected plants, higher concentration of soluble carbohydrates in roots of VAM-infected plants may indicate increased sink demand to support the symbiosis. Since VAM stimulated growth at levels of P nutrition considered nondeficient by tissue analysis, use of VAM to accelerate the early development of transplants may be advantageous to the greenhouse industry. Key words:Cucumis sativus L., phosphorus, vesicular–arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, mineral nutrition

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